National Repository of Grey Literature 110 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
The Husserliana foundation of scientific knowledge: between epistemology and metaphysics
Ramos Garcia, Christian ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; De Santis, Daniele (referee)
The following work will try to explain Husserl's scientific knowledge as a radical alternative to the theory of science established by contemporary philosophy of science. It will offer a critical reconstruction of the historical context from which Husserl's phenomenological approach develops, as well as an exposition of key Husserlian concepts such as metaphysics, idealization, the world of life, objectivism, the crisis of science and the historicity. The progress of Husserl's philosophical project is characterized by the tension between the natural sciences and transcendental phenomenology. Although the natural sciences provide a paradigmatic example of how transcendental phenomenology, ontology, empirical science, and metaphysics can be related, they have also been the subject of philosophical misunderstandings that have contributed to the current cultural and philosophical crisis. Therefore, this text is a description that all philosophical theory and nature are inseparable.
Horizon and Alterity in Husserl
Lünser, Julian Alexander ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Brudzinska, Jagna (referee)
Julian Lünser Master's Thesis Master Erasmus Mundus: Europhilosophie Charles University, Prague 5th May 2023 Abstract Horizon and Alterity in Husserl The problem of alterity was not thematised frontally by Husserl, in contrast to the work of later phenomenologists. Notwithstanding, following the thesis that is defended here, it is possible to conceive of an implicit conception of alterity in Husserl's writings. Such a conception shows itself in a more precise analysis of Husserl's concept of the horizon which stands in an ambivalent relation to alterity: On the one hand, the horizon structure refers to a non-given excess, and thus opens up alterity; on the other hand, this excess is always already, at least minimally, prescribed and hence withdraws the otherness from the alterity. This ambivalent relation is described in the course of this master's thesis on different levels. This allows to distinguish between the alterity of the immediately appearing, exemplified by things and the own self, and the alterity of the mediately appearing, such as the other person. While it is possible to directly explicate and hence test the horizons of the immediatly appearing, such a possibility is not given for the apperception of the mediately appearing. In addition, the temporal structure of the appearance of alterity is...
The Critical in Husserl's Phenomenology: the Levels of Constitution as a Question of Method
Ramírez Clavería, Camila Ignacia ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Brudzinska, Jagna (referee)
The Critical in Husserl's Phenomenology: the Levels of Constitution as a Question of Method Considering the contemporary discussion between critical, applied and engaged phenomenology, there seems to be a claim for a critical stand when it comes to considering concrete experience and, moreover, those experiences that have been neglected throughout history. Thus, the present work has the aim to show that this movement is characterized by the need of a critical potential which is already present in Edmund Husserl's work. Moreover, this potential is considered here as a question related to the method, through which we gain access to the underlying structures of experience. Thus, the five levels described are the following: intersubjective community, interpersonal intersubjectivity, active constitution, passive synthesis and hyletic flow. According to this, the focus is set on showing the way in which they are always connected to one another allowing thus to describe the complexity through which experience is articulated. Key Words: Critical phenomenology, phenomenological method, levels of constitution, complexity of experience.
Labour and value. Karl Marx in the light of Phenomenology of life
Jiskra, Martin ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (referee) ; Karul, Róbert (referee)
The doctoral thesis examines the concepts of labour and value which we attempt to contain by means of phenomenological interpretation of alienation, brought forward by french philosopher Michel Henry in his two-part book about Marx, written in the 1970s. The challenge of such a project results naturally both from the extent and from fragmentary nature of Marx's own work. Our intention to understand Marx's thinking in the unity of its diversity is at first sight reflected in fact that we try to follow its evolution step by step from its early stages to the late phase, in other words from the problems of labour in terms of critic of the reality of alienation to the economic nature of evaluation of value. Nevertheless, we do have reason to hope that beyond this formalistic approach we would have found hidden, so to say profound sens, which should appear by devoloping different forms of the concept of alienation. By the examination of Marx's work we proceed from the assumption that the concept of alienation claims the role of inner bond that holds his whole work together, thus the methods of young and late Marx, in spite of particular changes, complement and support each other because, at the and of the day, they grow up from the same basis: the critic of the alienation of life as such. Keywords...
Detection of heavy metals in hard tissues by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Konečná, Anna ; Novotný, Karel (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the detection of heavy metals bioaccumulated in hard tissues by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). As model samples, murine mandibles and femurs of animals exposed to lead oxide or cadmium oxide nanoparticles were used. The exposure of animals lasted for 6 or 7 weeks. Control group of animals was exposed only to air for a reference. The distribution of biogenic elements and contaminants was determined by mapping the samples' surface using LIBS with a spatial resolution of 30 and 100 µm. The second part of the work focused on the possibility of using the method LIBS for quantitative analysis. Samples of hydroxyapatite standards were prepared as reference material. By their analysis a calibration curve was constructed, and the limits of detection and quantification were determined. Furthermore, a model for prediction of heavy metal concentration by calculation from the calibration curve was presented.
The relation of parts and whole in the work of Christian Ehrenfels and Edmund Husserl
Janoušek, Hynek ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee)
Cílem této práce bylo předznačit prostor vyhrazený motivům, kvůli nimž se na konci 19. století zčistajasna vynořila řada koncepcí tvarových kvalit,figurálních momentů,fundovaných obsahů či jak jinak jejich autoři nazývali věc, o níž nám zde šlo. Filosofie, jejíž "střední proud" tenkrát často nevěděl, nemá-li být spíše pojmově uvědomělejší fyziologií a/nebo psychologií, pomáhala v těchto a podobných koncepcích nenápadně připravovat půdu explozi tvarových a strukturálních motivů v obecně humanitních směrech 20. století. Zkoumání této půdy by bylo jistě věcně zajímavé, provedeno bylo zatím jen v částech. 144 V úvahu by jistě přicházely i jiné dobové proudy - herbartovská psychologie, neokantovství, voluntarismus či ruský symbolismus, popř. marxismus nebo pomalu se regenerující zájem o Hegela. Všechny tyto směry přinesly množství implicitních úvah o "strukturách" a jejich vývoji.
Problem of immanency by Deleuze lectrice of Sartre
Soskin, Jonathan ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Gléonec, Anne (referee) ; Dufourcq, Annabelle (referee)
Jonathan Soskin June 2012 Master Erasmus Mundus Europhilosophie The problem of immanence in Deleuze's reading of Sartre Abstract This paper intends to explore, more partly than partially, the relationship between the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and that of Jean-Paul Sartre. Such a relationship can be named an apprenticeship, since Deleuze published his very first essays right after the war after reading Being and Nothingness, that impregnates these youthful texts, then entitled his 1964 tribute to Sartre "He has been my master", evokes in several important interviews the major role Sartre philosophically played for him, and moreover praises Sartre's non- subjective conception of the transcendental field in his very last text, "Immanence: a life…", where The Transcendence of the Ego is used to back up Deleuze's own conception of immanence, as it is already the case in What is philosophy ? where for the first time Deleuze dedicates with Guattari a whole chapter to the "plane of immanence". Couldn't the problem of immanence in Deleuze therefore be traced back to his reading of Sartre ? Such is the thesis contained in these pages, where it is argued that immanence is not for Deleuze a solution ready-made in Spinoza or the first chapter of Bergson's Matter and Memory before consisting more essentially in a...
World of natural sciences and life world in Husserl's late work
Puc, Jan ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee)
The subject of this work is to map the relation between natural sciences and lifeworld on the ground of intentional-historical approach of late Husserl. The description of the problem of Galileo Galilei's foundation of science, its preconditions und consequences follows after an assignment of the main definitions and demonstrating of both arguments which Husserl uses to disprove objectivism. The idea of the mathematical nature establishing the modern physics indicates the necessity of brief clarification of the origin of geometry and philosophy as two motivating sense formations and the importance of the notion of "life-world apriori". In the following part I examine the notion of history which is a precondition of performed analyzes and the role of language in the process of sedimentation of sense. Critical discussion shows the ambiguous notion of the teleology of reason and the danger of confusion of an abstract understood life-world apriori with an overall interpretation of world. The main features of the life-world, the notion of science in the discussion between instrumentalism and science realism and Husserl's new scientism which should accomplish the idea of rational determination of mankind are summed up at the end of the work.
The automatic image as a translation of life-world
Halák, Jan ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
The automatic image as a translation oj life-world The author's aim is to trace down the basic tendencies of phenomenality, introduced into the lifeworld by means of the automatic image, by understending this medium as a translation of the style of appearing of beings. He joins the critique of the modem understanding of being as the presence in the consciousness of subject and discems a parallel between the modem repraesentatio and the photographic image. By criticising the conception od V. Flusser, the paper (meanwhile negatively) disawovs the possibility of eliminating the corporeity and the non-positivity of meaning by means of the photographic image. The paper then analyses the specific space oj the image as this is its medium of revealing. This pictorial space is principally determinned by perspective projection, yet this is what eliminates the corporeity (chair) of both recipient and the world - and due to this the non-positivity of the field of appearence of things. Newertheless the projection preserves the topologic dimension of the space of the image. The autor then focuses on the Merleau-Ponty' s conception of "vertical Being" and attempts to trace down the relation between the topologic arrangement and the chiasma of perceptive perspectives. To deliver the photographic image from its strictly...

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3 NOVOTNÝ, Kryštof
1 Novotný, K.
4 Novotný, Kamil
8 Novotný, Karel
2 Novotný, Karel,
3 Novotný, Kryštof
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