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Alternative Biomass Fuels Properties
Krejčiřík, Jiří ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis follows up attributes of alternative fuels made from biomass and burning them in home combustion equipment with taking into account the process of creating emissions of solid pollutants. There can be found definition of solid alternative fuels with descripition of how are they made and also their attributes as fuels in the first chapter of this thesis. In the second part can be found description of burning alternative fuels made from biomass with taking into account the process of creating emissions. The third chapter of this bachelor thesis is focused on experimental testing of fuel attributes of alternative fuels made from biomass. There is also practical test of creating emissions with focus on creating solid pollutants in this part.
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Accumulation of electricity for a source with unstable production
Petrenec, Jan ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with possibilities of accumulation of electricity generated by renewable sources with unstable production. Several goals were set by an assignment of this thesis. Within a research, current trends of the accumulation are presented in detail on examples of specific representatives with their technical parameters and economic possibilities. Further, an unstable source of electricity – the wind farm of three power plants Multibrid 5000 with all its parameters and operational details is defined for purposes of individual designs of accumulation systems. Firstly, the detailed design of an advanced compressed air energy storage (A-CAES) is realized. It includes a thermodynamic calculation of chosen components, their partial technical solutions, a financial evaluation of investment and a determination of theoretical payback period. Furthermore, the design for accumulators Tesla Powerpack is realized. It contains a calculation of individual system parameters, a financial evaluation of investment and a determination of theoretical payback period. Last part of the thesis is dedicated to a comparison and an evaluation of the achieved results of both realized methods of the electricity accumulation. In the end, A-CAES is chosen as more perspective variation.
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Atmosferic gasification of biomass by the addition of oxygen and steam
Vypušťáková, Veronika ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The topic of master´s thesis is atmosferic gasification of biomass by the addition of oxygen and steam. The theoretical part is devoted to the description of biomass, process of gasification, kinds of gasification reactor and product gas. Further experiments are devised depending on the gasification medium and output temperature. In this case, the key aspect is the steam addition control. In the practical part, these experiments are performed in a fluidized bed reactor. Resulting values from samples of gas and tar are subsequently processed and evaluated.
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Analysis of the heat utilisation from biogas stations for heating
Kareš, Martin ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of the use of heat from biogas stations. The first part describes the production of biogas, its combustion efficiency and the development of energy production thus obtained. In the second part it deals with individual solutions of the application of heat produced and in the last chapter it analyses the balance of the specific solution of heat transfer and its impact on the environment.
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Comparison of energy mixes
Kadáková, Nina ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This research type paper is focused on the comparison of the energy mix of Czech Republic with the energy mix of other three states, Slovak Republic, Italy and Norway. In this paper there are described energy sources which the chosen states use for production of electricity. The total installed outputs of the power plants in various years, production and consumption of electric energy and the source ratio for production of electricity are also stated, based on which the final compression is created.
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Analysis of the secondary circuit of the VVER 440 block
Černý, Michal ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
The main aim of this thesis is the model design and control the secondary circuit block VVER 440. The search part of my work is a description of the secondary circuit. In the first part of the calculation is performed for the rated secondary circuit. The second calculation part focuses on the calculation circuit of the secondary for the reduced, influenced by shutting down one steam generator.
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Thermal Losses of the Biomass Boiler
Suchánková, Lenka ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the heat loss of the solid fuel boiler, especially on the loss of heat conduction and transfer to the surroundings. In order to minimalize thermal leaks through the boiler walls, materials with good isolation capabilities must be selected when designing. In Microsoft Excel, a universal mathematical model was created to calculate the heat flux flowing through the flat wall of the boiler, from which temperatures can be obtained on the inside of the wall. The work describes the calculation method on which the model is based and its correctness is verified on an experiment based on sensing of temperature fields of wall sur-faces of equipment burning biomass by thermal camera. The model can be used for a wall with up to 9 layers of material, where the wall can be cooled (heat loss) by air and water.
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The use of flue gas for the biomass gasification
Švácha, Filip ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the process of biomass gasification using gas simulating the composition of flue gas – a mixture of oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor. In the research part of the thesis the issue of gasification with the focus on fluidized bed gasification and the effect of the gasification medium used on the gasification process is discussed. In the practical part the thesis deals with the design, realization and evaluation of the experiment on a real device. The aim of the experiment is to determine the effect of the exact composition of the mixture of these three media on the gasification process and on the quality of the gas generated. The aim is to find the optimum composition for obtaining gas with the highest possible lower heating value, which contains as little tar as possible. At the end of the work, the results from the experiment are presented and described.
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Calculation of a heat exchanger in a nuclear power plant
Borovička, Matej ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
The main theme of this bachelor thesis is a theoretical and computational description of the steam generator. The first chapter deals with a brief description of nuclear power plants. Particular attention is paid to the power plants of the VVER type, which are used in the Czech and Slovak Republic. The theoretical part of this thesis describes the individual components which are important for the operation of a nuclear power plant. The main part of this thesis depicts horizontal and vertical steam generators. Moreover, the PGV-213 type of steam generator that is used in the Dukovany nuclear power plant is more precisely explained. The computation part of this thesis is devoted to the balance and heat calculations of the steam generator. At the conclusion of this thesis, the performance of the steam generator during changes in operating conditions is also described.
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Accumulation of electricity using liquefied air
Laca, Theodore Nicolas ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
In the research part is a basic overview of vapor thermodynamics is processed. It deals with the historical development of gas liquefaction systems, divided according to the authors of the proposals. It includes basic knowledge of thermodynamics of gas liquefaction. In the field of liquefied gas storage, it contains a brief overview of the division of storage vessels and insulation materials. It also deals with the extract of energy from liquid air. It contains an adiabatic design of electrical energy storage using air liquefaction (LAES). The conclusion describes the proposed design, economic analysis and perspectives of using LAES.
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