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Propaganda in Czechoslovakia 1948-1956. Images of external enemy - production and reproduction
Palivodová, Eva ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Nečasová, Denisa (referee) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
The dissertation thesis studies images of external enemies, which were part of the social and media discourse in Czechoslovakia between 1948-1956. These images are set in the context of contemporary Czechoslovak propaganda. Enemy images are sets of negative ideas and stereotypes that social groups form about competing communities. They appear in all human groups, including present Czech society. Enemy images form individual identity, identifying with one's own group, and defining oneself against the evil one. The literature usually distinguishes between two types of enemies - internal and external. Due to the wide breadth of the topic, the dissertation thesis focuses only on the dominant images of external enemies, that were represented as the primary rivals, objects of the most significant events in the Czechoslovak discourse. The dissertation consists of a theoretical and analytical part. The first chapter presents a theoretical introduction to the issue and deals with the phenomenon of propaganda. It briefly describes the historical development of propaganda, its various definitions. Furthermore, this section contains the concepts of the enemy image, its functions and the main typologies of the enemies. The second chapter puts the enemy images in the context of contemporary propaganda and deals...
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Perception of architecture from the period of socialism in public discourse after 1989
Pilařová, Zdislava ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Činátl, Kamil (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the current topic of Czech architecture from the socialist period and its perception in public discourse after 1989. The issue is set in the context of architectural development after 1945 and presented in case studies of three Prague buildings - Máj department store, Prague hotel, and Transgas buildings. In addition to using the case study method, the qualitative analysis of public discourse concerning individual cases is used in work. The perception of architecture in public discourse is processed in memory studies, including places of memory, emphasis on narrative, and generational perspective. The work tries to connect two themes of architecture from the period of socialism and dealing with the socialist past. Their relationship has not yet been given more attention in the literature. The diploma thesis focuses on verifying three research questions - Does the extinction of socialist architecture reflect the current relationship of the Czech public to its socialist past? Is socialist architecture perceived as a negative symbol of the past regime and thus shall be removed? Isn't the frequent designation of socialist/communist architecture merely an excuse to demolish or rebuild and thus conceal real pragmatic/economic reasons? - In answer to the first question, the...
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The beginnings of the male branch of Opus Dei in the Czech republic
Sterzik, Josef ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Stehlík, Michal (referee)
The bachelor thesis is about Opus Dei, the only personal prelature in the Catholic Church. However, the thesis focuses mainly on the origins of the male branch in the Czech Republic. The thesis is based on the analysis of historical works and for the last chapter the method of oral history is used. My oral history research focuses on the narratives of the three founding members of the Prelature in the Czech Republic. The whole thesis can be divided into three parts. In the first part, the life of the founder and the related history of the organization and its structure are written, based on secondary literature of Czech, German and English provenance. I draw here mainly on the three-volume biography of Josemaría by the Spanish historian Vazquez. I deal with the person of the founder quite thoroughly in my work, as his person is very central to understanding Opus Dei. Members often refer to him and various feasts are celebrated throughout the year relating to important events in his life. I also describe the legal development and organizational structure of Opus Dei. The second part of the thesis concerns the situation of the Catholic Church between 1945-1989. Here I try to clarify the somewhat specific background of the situation of the Church in Czechoslovakia before the arrival of Opus Dei. The...
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Students from Hradčany Dorm in Prague. Student's life in Hradčany dormitory, Prague during The First and The Third Czechoslovak Republics
Kynkorová, Jana ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Čechurová, Jana (referee)
The thesis concentrates on the image of the dormitory at Hradčany, Prague, from the students' point of view, during the years 1919-1939 and 1945-1949. The structure, rules, and regulations of this institution are described with the special focus on students' self-government. Apart from the functioning of the institution, matters of the establishment of the identity of the university students living in this dormitory and the aesthetic depiction of this phenomenon are discussed. Memories from students' anthology Almanach hradčanských kolejáků, periodicals, and memoirs, together with artworks inspired by student life, are compared with archive documents from Charles University Archive (Archiv University Karlovy). Students' self-government is presented as modern and truly democratic. There are many references to the low social status of the poor students, for whom the dormitory was designated, which can be perceived as a crucial element in shaping the specific collective identity of the local students. The lack of financial means influenced the quality of the equipment and the maintenance of the building and as such it is mentioned in the memoires too. The aim of this thesis is to present the history of the students' dormitory and its function, together with its memory projection. The ideas about the...
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The life of secret agent Vojtěch Kučera: microhistorical study
Veselý, Vojtěch ; Činátl, Kamil (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis intends to introduce the life story of Vojtěch Kučera, "agent-walker", who undertook at least twenty-six illegal border crossing across Czechoslovakia border during the years 1946 - 1954. During his last illegal border crossing he was catched, accused of espionage and then sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in the year 1955. The first part of the thesis is based on three variations of Kučera's life story. These three stories are constructed (and later deconstructed ) by using informations from family memories, Kučera's statement as well as from the film Agent K vypovídá. The second part of the thesis is based on several microhistorical probes. By using microhistorical analysis we aim to understand Kučera's thinking, behaving and motivations.
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Signal - the propaganda of Wehrmacht in occupied Europe and the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia 1940-1945
Beneš, Otmar ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee)
Presented bachelor thesis is an analysis of one of the important printed nazi-propaganda matter from the era of World War II - the Signal magazine. This thesis aims to analyse mostly the period of time between April 1940 and April 1945, when the editorial office of the magazine was in service. According to the distribution in the whole Europe and the fact, that the magazine was produced until the very end of the war, the author wants to make a comparison of the magazines content, which should not only reside in the research of the text content, which was changing strongly during the war, but also in analysing the different acceptance and character in occupied and neutral countries. The interest will be focused on the picture of war presented to the civilian population in particular European countries. Of countries, where the Signal magazine was distributed to, is a special accent given to the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. Key words Signal, 1940 - 1945, Wehrmacht, propaganda, Europe, Protectorate, illustrated magazine, second world war, press, photography.
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Identity of Carpathian Germans in the Era of Interwar Czechoslovakia
Stachová, Monika ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis Identity of Carpathian Germans in the Era of Interwar Czechoslovakia addresses the identification issue of Carpathian Germans in Slovakia. Furthermore on the background of broader social, cultural and economical context, it attempts to express to what extent German population identified itself with the construct of the Carpathian-German identity, respectively with other identities, e.g. local identities. Apart from that, it focuses on the genesis of this term as such, as well as on alterations of its content. The thesis deals with inter alia the relations among other minorities and loyalty to the interwar Czechoslovakian state. Moreover, it examines, whether the collective identity of entire German population living in Slovakia was created or not. In connection to that, it outlines a question, which role the Germans coming from the Czech lands and other features played in the process of forming the Carpathian-German identity. Key words: identity, alterity, nationalism, loyalty, minority policy, the Carpathian German Party (KdP), the Zipser German Party (ZdP), memory, local patriotism
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Television Youth Club 1973-1984: motives, agents, ideology.
Koláčková, Terezie ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
The topic of this thesis is a journalistic program Television Youth Club between 1973 and 1984. The thesis investigates establishment of broadcast for children and young till 1968. The next part of the thesis discusses Main redaction for children and young between 1973 and 1984 - its composition, creation and feedback from audience. But the main topic of the thesis is the Television Youth Club. It observes its formation and evolution, analyzes topics of program and their ideology. It stops at the creative team, traces audience feedback as well as evaluation from higher authorities and elimination of some members of the team. On this program thesis wants to show how the programs were created in Czechoslovak television and what atmosphere was there. And it tries to disprove that in Czechoslovak television were created only poor-quality and superficial ideological works in that period. It has always depended on team of people - how they deal with their task of program. Key words: Television Youth Club, Main redaction for children and young, journalism, programs for young, Czechoslovak television
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The Import and Distribution of Gramophone Records under the Normalization in Socialist Czechoslovakia
Andrs, Jiří ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
This work engages in the import and distribution of the audio storages, concretely the gramophone records to Czechoslovakia. A gramophone record - differently to other audio storages like reel-to-reel tape records or later the cassettes - was meanwhile also an artefact that personified an attractive exoticness of the western world and because of its format and graphical elaboration it represented a valuable object of popular culture. The work is based on the assumption that the development of Czechoslovak musical subcultures depended largely on the distribution of gramophone records. That is why author focuses his attention on the unofficial import of the LP records by private persons. The very limited state-controlled import of this product will be also partly taken in account. An important question within this work is the import of the west-made music from other socialist states. In many of those countries licenses of those LPs were released much more often than in CSSR. Compared to the original western LPs it was easier for Czechoslovakian citizens to reach them - because of better possibilities to travel to socialist countries and yet because of a relatively low prices of eastern presses. Student also tries to revise the common notion (typical for both academic and non-academic sphere)...
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The Hyphen War in the Discussions of the Federal Assembly of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
Kovařík, Pavel ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Činátl, Kamil (referee)
The thesis focuses on the first months following the Velvet Revolution. In this period, the Czechoslovak political system is somewhat taken by surprise by new political agenda which becomes as important as the reconstruction of the parliamentary liberal democracy itself. National and ethnic problems emerging since the beginnings of the common state reappeared unexpectedly in the form of the Hyphen War. Besides the institutional framework within which the whole dispute took place, I analyze certain communication problems that not only influenced the form of the negotiations discussing the state name but also indicated the shape of the last years of Czecho-Slovak coexistence within one federation. The main source for analysis of the problem outlined above is the material of Společná česko-slovenská digitální parlamentní knihovna; specifically, a selection of texts composed of parliamentary debates records and stenographic records. Key words: Czechoslovakia; the Hyphen War; political communication; Federal Assembly; transition period
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