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Cold War Technopolitics: Czechoslovak Hydroexpertise in Africa
Mazanec, Jakub ; Janáč, Jiří (advisor) ; Miescher, Stephan (referee) ; Schulze, Frederik (referee)
Ghana, Guinea, Egypt, Algeria, Zambia, Ethiopia, and many other African countries; that is exactly where you can find great water works, machines, hydrological maps, plans, or the imaginary "footprints" of hydro experts from Czechoslovakia dwelling here especially before 1989. How is such a thing possible in a landlocked, central European country without a colonial history? The decolonisation of Africa, particularly in the 1950s and 1960s, gave rise to a number of new states. These countries, until recently completely dependent politically and economically on their colonial capitals, were now looking for the most appropriate political, economic, and social model for their future direction. As part of full independence, they were trying to modernise their economies, which, in addition to supplementing their lack of infrastructure, meant making better use of their natural resources. The notion of a path to modernization through large-scale industrialization and the necessary electrification that went hand in hand with it made African leaders seek to make better use of the water resources their countries possessed. Given the lack of their own funds, experts and technology, the new governments were mostly dependent on cooperation with states in the Global North for water resources development. Water...
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Czechoslovak Development Aid to the Algerian People's and Democratic Republic in the Years 1962-1965
Kopenec, Karel ; Pešta, Mikuláš (advisor) ; Mazanec, Jakub (referee)
Algeria gained its independence on March 19, 1962, after signing the Evian Accords with France. The accords ended Algeria's eight-year war of independence. Czechoslovakia already supported the Algerian side during the war, mainly by exporting arms. On the part of Czechoslovakia, it was primarily a business partnership and support of a potential ally during the Cold War. However, the Communist Party of Algeria came out of the war as a loser, its influence on events in the new state was minimal. In Algeria, the National Liberation Front came to power. This fact, however, did not prevent communist Czechoslovakia from providing further support to the newly formed state. Foreign aid was needed for Algeria, the war destroyed the already existing infrastructure, and moreover, the absence of French experts was noticeable for the country's economy. The thesis deals with the level of Czechoslovak development aid to Algeria in the first years of its independent existence and answers the following questions. For what purpose was aid provided by the Czechoslovakia to the newly emerging state of Algeria? Were these goals that the Czechoslovak Republic set for itself when establishing new relations with Algeria achieved? To which areas was Czechoslovak aid primarily directed? At the beginning, the thesis deals...
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Edict of Gülhane (1839). The Ottoman Empire at the Beginning of Tanzimat Reforms
Mazanec, Jakub ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
This work deals with analysis of publication of Gülhane noble decree (3 November 1839) which is an eminent event in the modern history of the Ottoman Empire. Promises of sultan Abdülmecid I contained in this document in fact opened the door for a reform period called tanzimat, which is mostly put between years 1839-1876. This work also focuses on earlier attempts of reorganization and modernization of the empire, especially on reforms of sultan Selim III and sultan Mahmut II. Knowledge of these reforms is necessary for understanding the events of 1839. An important part of this work is formed by analysing circumstances of Gülhane decree origins and the English version of its text.
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Water Projects on the Nile in the 19th Century and Their Influence in British-French Relations
Mazanec, Jakub ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šedivý, Miroslav (referee)
Jakub Mazanec Water Projects on the Nile in the 19th Century and Their Influence in British-French Relations At the beginning of the 19th century, the era of building of the first modern hydraulic projects on the Nile in Egypt was launched. During the first half of the 19th century, France had a significat influence on Egypt, which was also reflected in hydraulic projects on the Nile. On the contraty, since the British ocuppation of Egypt in 1882 until the end of the century, the influence of London dominated. The need of water and the construction of major projects shaped the policies of France and Great Britain towards Nile basin. The aim of this thesis is to prove or refute the hypothesis, that hydraulic projects realized on the Nile during the 19th century represented a significant issue of friction between France and Great Britain. And at the same time this thesis tries to prove a change in the perception of water from the side of Egyptian authorities.
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Edict of Gülhane (1839). The Ottoman Empire at the Beginning of Tanzimat Reforms
Mazanec, Jakub ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
This work deals with analysis of publication of Gülhane noble decree (3 November 1839) which is an eminent event in the modern history of the Ottoman Empire. Promises of sultan Abdülmecid I contained in this document in fact opened the door for a reform period called tanzimat, which is mostly put between years 1839-1876. This work also focuses on earlier attempts of reorganization and modernization of the empire, especially on reforms of sultan Selim III and sultan Mahmut II. Knowledge of these reforms is necessary for understanding the events of 1839. An important part of this work is formed by analysing circumstances of Gülhane decree origins and the English version of its text.
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