National Repository of Grey Literature 33 records found  previous11 - 20nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
The Concept of Taste in Kant's Aesthetic
Krapchatova, Marina ; Karásek, Jindřich (advisor) ; Matějčková, Tereza (referee)
(in English) The thesis focuses on the conception of taste of Kant in the "Critique of Judgment". The objective of the thesis is the research of this conception in aesthetic experience in which we attribute the predicate "beautiful" to objects, namely in the judgments of taste. Judgement of taste is aesthetic reflective judgement using which we attribute the predicate "beautiful" to objects and we determine our own inner feeling connected with the act of judging the form of the given object. The thesis deals with the analysis of the relevant judgements to determine the conditions under which the judgement of taste is considered pure and deduction of judgements of taste where the validity and necessity of the judgements are proven, and of specific nature - intersubjective. Using the given approach, it is possible to define taste as an autonomous skill to judge objects of aesthetic affection, the principle of which is based on subsumption of powers, imagination and reasoning in a state of free game.
Is ethical turn a flight from politics? Considering the relation of subjectivity, ethics and politics in the works of Judith Butler
Vassileva, Sabina ; Matějčková, Tereza (advisor) ; Jirsa, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the exposition of the relationship between the theory of subjectivation, ethics and politics, as they individually emerge and intertwine in the work of Judith Butler. The concept of corporeal vulnerability is chosen as a starting point as its three forms - passionate attachment to subjection, interdependency and reflexive opacity - reflect the development of the author's thinking and enable to properly capture the interconnectedness of ontology, ethics and politics. The ambition of the thesis is to defend Butler against the objection of escape from politics and inclination towards sentimental humanism based on human finiteness. In this context, the work analyzes the subject's relationship to the norms that constitute it and considers the possibilities of post-sovereign agency, based on revised bodily ontology that Butler presents. The thesis follows how the motives of corporeality, melancholy, mourning, guilt and violence gradually develop across the work of the American philosopher, in order to interpret her own ethico-political stance of non-violence in the necessary context.
The First and the Second
Kovářová, Barbora ; Matějčková, Tereza (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee)
Simone de Beauvoir wrote a revolutionary book The Second Sex in which she discusses the position of a woman in society from a philosophical perspective. She defines her as the Second, as an object against a man, who is a subject. She explains that "woman" is a social construct which was created by a man. In my thesis I introduce these central ideas, including the context of time she has written the book in. Next, I discuss the work of other philosophers - namely Plato, Emmanuel Lévinas and Iris Marion Young. In their writings I focus on their characterization of women and their lives and I introduce the key elements in which they agree with Simone de Beauvoir. Plato holds the position of a man from the past, Emmanuel Lévinas was a contemporary of de Beauvoir and Iris Marion Young, who is a current philosopher. I also introduce other problems discussed in feminist philosophy and which have been coined since the time de Beauvoir wrote her book. These new problems are introduced from the work of Iris Marion Young. Finally, I contemplate who the woman could be, when she sets herself free.
Kierkegaard, Levinas and religion
Neužil, Ondřej ; Lyčka, Milan (advisor) ; Matějčková, Tereza (referee)
The subject of this bachelor's thesis is comparison of Søren Kierkegaard and Emmanuel Levinas with focus on religion. The initial dispute between these authors is the relationship between ethics and religion. While for Kierkegaard is ethics just a "stop" on the path to faith and can be even suspended, for Levinas it is absolutely crucial and religion is not possible without it. Despite this dispute, I try to open the way towards the comparison of the two authors. There can be seen simirality of their thoughts under their different concepts. The first part of the thesis deals with the problems of this comparison, briefly describes the biography and also discusses the way Levinas reads Kierkegaard's work. The body of the thesis is devoted to the three points. The first is the conflict between religion and ethics. The thesis focuses not only on the analysis and consequencis of this conflict, but it also reflects the way, in which both authors work with these concepts. The next chapter then focuses on the biblical commandment to love your neighbor. It shows that they agree on the understanding of this commandment as a duty. However, they differ in whether the originator of this commandment is God or Other, that is man. The last part is devoted to the comparison of the concept of God in their thinking....
Modern legal state in the context of Hegel's Elements of the Philosophy of Right
Koloušek, Martin ; Matějčková, Tereza (advisor) ; Jirsa, Jakub (referee)
(in English): This diploma thesis deals with an analysis of modern legal state in the context of Hegel's Elements of philosophy of Right. Hegel is presenting an analysis of the concept and phenomenon of state, which is until contemporary times valid. Although his state can be described as a police state, it has a lot in common with contemporary modern legal state. First, in the thesis a brief overview of thinking about the state, consequently Hegel's conception of state is analyzed, and finally these findings are used to point out selected problems of contemporary state and Hegel's conception. Above all it is shown that Hegel's state, as well as contemporary modern legal state, contain in themselves a contradiction - a contradiction between freedom on one hand and state power on the other hand. In contemporary state is this obvious especially on the problematic position of human rights. In this context, it is possible to draw an advice and lesson from Hegel. However, at the end, it is shown that freedom, as well as human rights are not matter of course, and it is necessary to strive for preserving those values, while the state functions could be performed.
Language and Memory in Hegel's Conception of History
Formanová, Josefina ; Karásek, Jindřich (advisor) ; Matějčková, Tereza (referee)
This work aims, in a rather contemplative manner phased into three related parts, to discuss two concepts indispensable for Hegel's entire philosophy of life and history: language and memory. In Part I, I examine the triple relation between language and thinking, thinking and reality, and reality and language. I argue that language shares a logical structure with thinking and reality, and is itself the performative principle (or acteur) of creating reality, being itself the externalizing tool of the movement of thinking without which any development of the Spirit would not be possible. Part II targets the concept of memory and its function within thinking and action of self-consciousness. It is argued that Hegel's language functions as the modern concept of discourse in terms of its agency in reality. Memory is understood as fundamentally entangled with matter, or the material objectivity that calls in memory to be named, i.e. posited in language. Memory is an interiorizing principle, language is the exteriorizing principle, both deeply rooted in the so-called night of the self of each spirit. I also discuss the subject-objective relation against the background of memory, before moving onto Part III which generally tackles the process of the self-expression of the Spirit in history, the distinction...
Language and Memory in Hegel's Conception of History
Formanová, Josefina ; Karásek, Jindřich (advisor) ; Matějčková, Tereza (referee)
This work aims, in a rather contemplative manner phased into three related parts, to discuss two concepts indispensable for Hegel's entire philosophy of life and history: language and memory. In Part I, I examine the triple relation between language and thinking, thinking and reality, and reality and language. I argue that language shares a logical structure with thinking and reality, and is itself the performative principle (or acteur) of creating reality, being itself the externalizing tool of the movement of thinking without which any development of the Spirit would not be possible. Part II targets the concept of memory and its function within thinking and action of self-consciousness. It is argued that Hegel's language functions as the modern concept of discourse in terms of its agency in reality. Memory is understood as fundamentally entangled with matter, or the material objectivity that calls in memory to be named, i.e. posited in language. Memory is an interiorizing principle, language is the exteriorizing principle, both deeply rooted in the so-called night of the self of each spirit. I also discuss the subject-objective relation against the background of memory, before moving onto Part III which generally tackles the process of the self-expression of the Spirit in history, the distinction...
Berdyaev's Philosophy of Hope
Múčka, Jakub ; Matějčková, Tereza (advisor) ; Noble, Ivana (referee)
The Christian concept of hope is often criticised for the asceticism, renouncement, and passiveness in expecting the arrival of God's kingdom in "future time". On the contrary, the eschatology of Nikolai Berdyaev in Christian philosophy speaks about the necessary transformation of the world by the human itself, determining the arrival of God's kingdom. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the concept of hope related to the world, which is currently estranged and objectified. This approach is further looked upon in the context of similarly eschatologically-orientated Ernst Bloch's Philosophy of hope, Jürgen Moltmann's Theology of hope, and Johann Baptist Metz's Political theology. The thesis aims to evaluate the extent of the transferability of Berdyaev's thinking into current debates about the Christian philosophy of hope. Keywords: Christian philosophy, Personalism, Philosophy of hope, Philosophy of history, Christian eschatology, Political theology
The Moral Philosophy of Bernard Williams
Haikl Koukal, Šimon ; Matějčková, Tereza (advisor) ; Hill, James (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to explore Bernard Williams' moral philosophy in its entirety. This objective is motivated by the critique which is sometimes being forced against Williams. This criticism is based on the objection that his thinking is thoroughly destructive in relation to philosophical ethics. The purpose to explore Williams' thinking in its entirety implicitly questions such an objection for it basically consists in the identification of the constructive moments of Williams' thinking and linking them with his skeptical attitudes. Accordingly, the project of this thesis is to show how Williams' attack on morality and moral system is being completed in notions of shame, truthfulness, and authenticity, which he develops in his late work and which delineate the alternative conception of ethics and ethical life to prevailing legalistic model.
Evil and its Remedy in the Thought of Rousseau
Stejskalová, Simona ; Matějčková, Tereza (advisor) ; Jirsa, Jakub (referee)
This paper is focused on the problem of evil in the thought of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Rousseau deviates from traditional approach to evil by an assumption that human nature is good. In his conception, moral evil is neither the consequence of turning away from God, nor a deliberate action of a man. As Rousseau belongs to the authors who assume that understading of evil enables us to overcome it, in my paper I inquire into two aspects of the problem - the origin of evil and its remedy. Firstly, the origin of evil is examined by Rousseau's investigation into alienated human nature in the society as the result of historical process. In this process a significant role is played by new passion born in society, self-love. Secondly, my goal is to explain his solution to the problem of evil as we can find it in his political and educational works. Rousseau neither condemn humanity, nor he seeks the redemption in grace. He allocates resposibility for evil's remedy to humans. I am therefore interested in the conditions which can faciliate this remedy. The development of Rousseau's responses to the problem of evil finally serves to show his solution to the problem of teodicy. Keywords Jean-Jacques Rousseau Evil Self-love General Will Theodicy

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