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Orthographic and graphic innovations in internet texts
Komrsková, Zuzana ; Chromý, Jan (referee) ; Mareš, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with graphic and orthographic innovations in Internet texts. The analyzed material comes from blogs, social networks, Internet forums and chats. These are all public sources, with the exception of electronic communication via ICQ programme, which was taken from private sources. Electronic communications and the Internet as a medium are generally described in the first part of this thesis. The hypotheses related to occurrence of various changes are included in the description of analyzed texts. The second part presents an analysis of the above-mentioned internet texts and it focuses on the graphic and orthographic innovations that are summarized in the last chapter. The found agreements result from features of the texts and their communicative function. The absence of innovations in certain texts is caused by different conditions and intentions of the communication.
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Standard and non-standard Czech in Tereza Boučková's literary works
Drtinová, Simona ; Vaňková, Irena (referee) ; Mareš, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on research of ratio of standard and non-standard Czech in Tereza Boučková's literary works. Preliminary, it deals with a brief biography of the author, and her position in contemporary Czech literature. The theoretical part disserts on literacy, and non-literacy, which contains commentary on non-literary means, their function, and their development in the historical frame of the Czech literature. The method of analysis of the selected body of Boučková's literary works is presented there, as well. This method is used for particular texts; in the thesis, there are described non-literary means, their bindings to the components of the text (whether they are connected to speech of the narrator or of characters), and function of such means. Differences among single pieces are reflected at the same time. The conclusion of the thesis is focused on comparison of using of non-literary means in literary works, and in the movie adaption.
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Slogans, images, arguments: non-commercial advertising in social context
Kaderka, Petr ; Mareš, Petr (advisor) ; Nekvapil, Jiří (referee) ; Holšánová, Jana (referee)
This dissertation is devoted to the exploration of a new communicative phenomenon in Czech society - non-commercial advertising. I analyze advertising in the form of posters or billboards from a linguistic and semiotic point of view. On the structural level, my primary orientation is toward researching the constitutive elements of the advertisements, the relationships between the semiotic modes utilized, and the relationship of advertisements to other texts and genres from the discursive world of Czech society. On the processual level, I examine the way in which sense is made of the communicative object. The project is interdisciplinary in nature, connecting linguistic, semiotic, and sociological approaches, with a philosophical foundation laid in the work of Alfred Schutz. The text consists of two parts. In the first of these, I consider the topic from the analyst's perspective. Employing theories of the sign, genre, discourse, multimodality and argumentation, I analyze several tens of non-commercial advertisements which take the form of posters or billboards. The second part is devoted to the perspective of ordinary recipients. Using the method of focus groups, I investigate the interpretive processes of members of Czech society. In the concluding section, I characterize non-commercial advertising in...
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The competition of different syntactic devices expressing the semantic relation of comparison (based on the Czech-German material)
Pečený, Pavel ; Hošnová, Eva (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
The thesis focuses specially on characterisation of the competition of syntactic devices used to express comparison in Czech. The research targets primarily the use of connecting expressions and certain case relations. The aim is to ascertain the tendencies manifesting in the distribution of the competition devices, which is also connected with syntactic, semantic or another factors, they may influence the distribution. The material basis for this analysis is based on the data from the parallel Czech-German corpus "InterCorp" and chosen corpuses of the "Czech National Corpus" (ČNK). The research found that the competition of the syntactic devices expressing comparison happens most often in a frame of one semantic type of comparison, i.e. in a frame of comparison based on unity and similarity on the one hand, and a frame of comparison based on difference on the other hand. Fundamental role in choosing of the competition devices is played by the semantic view-point. It is supplemented by a formal view-point on the syntactic level. The case relations and the preposition groups may link only comparison on the level of parts of a sentence, connection devices may do so on the level of complex sentences as well. The competition is partly influenced by the stylistic factors and the nature of text.
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Linguistic analysis of the magazine Dirtbiker
Žáková, Denisa ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
The thesis deals with language in the magazine Dirtbiker. It introduces and describes Dirtbiker as a media product and a part ofthe Czech media scene, then it focuses on the content and specific genres ofthe magazine (namely reportage). A special attention is paid to the linguistic analysis and the description of style. The expressivity, enriching the lexicon of the magazine with neologisms, anglicisms and slang are exemplified. The function of profane language is also observed. The thesis follows the way in which men and boys use language and deals with the construction of masculinity in the magazine. The methods of critical discourse analysis are also used. These methods allow us to focus on ideology and the mistakes in argumentation.
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Style analysis of editorials in contemporary journals
Granátová, Zuzana ; Mareš, Petr (advisor) ; Šebesta, Karel (referee)
Při zkoumání korpusu editorialů jsme mohli potvrdit naši hypotézu, že editorialy lifestylových časopisů Marianne a Maxim tvoří ideologickou bránu do prostoru časopisu a svou povahou se liší od ostatních článků uvnitř čísla. Editorialy mají dvě základní funkce, které se v menší míře objevují i v ostatních článcích. Jedná se o funkci identifikační a atrakční (blízkou funkci reklamní). Jazyk editorialu, téma a ideologické poselství slouží ke ztotožnění se (identifikaci) čtenáře jednak s autorem textu, jednak s ostatními čtenáři periodika. Po přečtení editorialu čtenář ví, zda celý časopis je skutečně "pro něj", nebo má sáhnout po jiném. Tato komunikace probíhá ve dvou směrech: cílová skupina čtenářů ovlivňuje podobu časopisu a zároveň je autory časopisu ovlivňována (a to zejména prostřednictvím editorialu). Postoj ke čtenářům se liší podle toho, zda se jedná o časopis určený ženám, nebo mužům: autorka editorialu ženského časopisu přes veškeré zdání rovnoprávnosti, které je čtenáři primárně předkládáno, vystupuje jako autoritativní rádkyně, zatímco autor editorialu v pánském časopise se staví zcela naroveň čtenáři, dokonce podceňuje své schopnosti, což můžeme hodnotit jako projev v pánském časopise všudypřítomného zlehčování a nadhledu. Atrakční funkce slouží k navození zájmu čtenářů o články uvnitř čísla. I...
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Style comparison of scientific and popular science texts
Benediktová, Soňa ; Hošnová, Eva (referee) ; Mareš, Petr (advisor)
V dnešní době stále vzrůstá význam odborného sdělování. Prvky odborného stylu pronikají do ostatních stylových oblastí a zároveň dochází s rozvojem věd ke vzniku stále více specializovaných vědeckých oborů. S růstem úlohy vzdělání a věd ve společnosti roste i zájem o publikace popularizační!, které mají poznatky vědy zpřístupnit širšímu publiku, a to srozumitelnou a atraktivní formou. Vychází velké množství popularizujících knih a pro úplnost dodejme, že popularizace má své místo i v televizi a rozhlase. Ačkoli se styl popularizační v posledních desetiletích značně rozvíjí, není mu v odborné literatuře věnován adekvátní prostor. Pozornost jazykovědy je soustředěna spíše na vývoj a proměny vyjadřování vědeckého a charakteristiky popularizačního stylu jsou víceméně rozptýleny v souhrnných pracích stylistických či v pojednáních o odborném stylu obecně. Prací zaměřených na popularizační styl existuje minimum. Pokusili jsme se tedy touto prací přispět k podrobnějšímu poznání prostředků textů popularizačních a zároveň také prostředků textů vědeckých jejich vzájemným porovnáním. Styl popularizační a styl vědecký jsou dva protipóly v rámci odborného stylu, je tedy zajímavé položit si otázku: jaké jsou shody a rozdíly ve zpracování téže problematiky v textech stylu vědeckého a stylu popularizačního? Jak se ve volbě...
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Legal language - its specific features in written and spoken communication
Kosová, Hana ; Mareš, Petr (referee) ; Nebeská, Iva (advisor)
This thesis' main focus is the legal language usage. It covers a very wide area of the interdisciplinary subject of legal language and its practical usefulness for legal professionals as well as general public. The first part of the work tries to describe the specific features of the Czech legal language as a functional entity within general language. The description is divided according to the distinct language levels (morphological, stylistic; lexical and semantic, textual) and those parts are connected with the related legal theory issues (theory of legal semantics, legal concepts and their expressions in the text, problems of prescriptive v. descriptive clauses, possibility of misinterpretation of the originally intended meaning). This part is also accompanied by a terminological chapter explaining the linguistic expressions used herein. The following parts explore various areas of applied linguistics. The following subjects are dealt with: language and grammatical interpretation of statutes (practical usage of it, examples of cases from Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic and examples of enquiries from lawyers as well as from general public to the Czech Language Office of the Czech Academy of Sciences concerning meaning of legal expressions), creating of legal texts, legal informatics and...
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Integration of catch-phrases of Jara Cimrman's plays into the everyday communication
Průšová, Pavlína ; Rýparová, Dominika (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
Integration of catch-phrases of Jara Cimrman's plays into the everyday communication This bachelor thesis deals with a usage of catch-phrases from the Jára Cimrman Theatre plays in the context of our everyday conversation. In the theoretical part it explains fundamental basic terms, discusses the communication in general, defines common conversation. Furthermore, the text discusses the comic and its forms and briefly introduces the Jára Cimrman Theatre and its unique poetics. In the end of this part are presented conclusions about knowledge of these catch-phrases among common Czech speakers. The research answers three questions: What was the trigger to use the catch-phrase? What was the speaker's intention? What kind of influence the catch-phrase had on the listeners and the situation as a whole? Research questions are answered based on the method of participant observation and the results have shown that the main triggers are similarity of the communicative situation, linked meanings of the situation in a play and in reality or specific use of words. Speaker's meaning is the most often to entertain the addressees or to downplay the situation. This usually corresponds with the real effect of the catch-phrase usage. However, very important role plays the knowledge of the plays of Jara Cimrman - the better...
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Automatic Library Code Detection in PE Executable Files
Mareš, Petr ; Ryšavý, Ondřej (referee) ; Kolář, Dušan (advisor)
Master's thesis describes imported functions detection in PE executables, which are from static libraries. Main reason is process automatization and analysis simplification. Detection is solved by searching prepared patterns with missmatch tolerance. Missmatch are caused by changing address during building application. Resulting application supports compiler detection and it contains patterns for MinGW32, Visual studio 2005 and C++ Builder 6.
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