|
| |
|
|
Performance of the system for energy utilization from biomass
Koláček, Richard ; Máša, Vítězslav (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the problems associated with acquisition of experimental data from technological unit for biomass combustion with nominal capacity of 1 MW, with regard to determination of thermal efficiency. In the introduction part, parameters of currently available biomass-based fuels as well as of those with large potential in the future are summarized. Further, a review in the field of biomass combustion technology is given. Biomass boilers are compared according to their technical parameters, function and benefits and drawbacks. In theoretical part methods for determination of thermal efficiency by direct method, indirect method and modified indirect method are described. Main parameters influencing resultant values of efficiency are included into the analysis. In final part an evaluation of real operational data from prototype unit combusting wooden chips is made. Recommendations for further experimental data gathering and their processing with the aim to evaluate thermal efficiency are suggested.
|
|
|
Efficiency analysis of the heat source with heat pumps
Miklas, Václav ; Hejčík, Jiří (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the gross COP analysis of the heat source with heat pumps. In the first part, summary of the heat pump research including progressive technologies is presented. The main part is the case study dealing with the efficiency analysis of the heating system based on air source heat pumps. That includes theoretical formulation of the conditions which affects gross COP of the heat pumps. The main contribution is the evaluation of measured data. The outcome of evaluation is the average COP in the selected period. The outcome also includes dependence of the COP on different conditions and comparison of the evaluated COP and the theoretical one. Consequently, some methods for optimal operating of the heat source are recommended.
|
|
|
Utilisation of recycling machines in complex approach to waste treatment
Černý, Ondřej ; Máša, Vítězslav (referee) ; Bělohradský, Petr (advisor)
The purpose of the thesis is to describe and evaluate a contemporary state of waste management in the Czech Republic in comparison with European Union. One of its goals is to point out permanently increasing amount of waste, which is produced by people. It also analyzes the principle in the area of planning, future processing and utilization of waste material. Then it deals with the specific cases in the waste management system of entrepreneurial entity that was chosen by us, and with the machines including their technical parameters, which this entity disposes at present period with.
|
|
|
Intelligent Energy-Savings and Process Improvement Strategies in Energy-Intensive Industries
Teng, Sin Yong ; Professor, Ponnambalam Sivalinga Govindarajan, (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
S tím, jak se neustále vyvíjejí nové technologie pro energeticky náročná průmyslová odvětví, stávající zařízení postupně zaostávají v efektivitě a produktivitě. Tvrdá konkurence na trhu a legislativa v oblasti životního prostředí nutí tato tradiční zařízení k ukončení provozu a k odstavení. Zlepšování procesu a projekty modernizace jsou zásadní v udržování provozních výkonů těchto zařízení. Současné přístupy pro zlepšování procesů jsou hlavně: integrace procesů, optimalizace procesů a intenzifikace procesů. Obecně se v těchto oblastech využívá matematické optimalizace, zkušeností řešitele a provozní heuristiky. Tyto přístupy slouží jako základ pro zlepšování procesů. Avšak, jejich výkon lze dále zlepšit pomocí moderní výpočtové inteligence. Účelem této práce je tudíž aplikace pokročilých technik umělé inteligence a strojového učení za účelem zlepšování procesů v energeticky náročných průmyslových procesech. V této práci je využit přístup, který řeší tento problém simulací průmyslových systémů a přispívá následujícím: (i)Aplikace techniky strojového učení, která zahrnuje jednorázové učení a neuro-evoluci pro modelování a optimalizaci jednotlivých jednotek na základě dat. (ii) Aplikace redukce dimenze (např. Analýza hlavních komponent, autoendkodér) pro vícekriteriální optimalizaci procesu s více jednotkami. (iii) Návrh nového nástroje pro analýzu problematických částí systému za účelem jejich odstranění (bottleneck tree analysis – BOTA). Bylo také navrženo rozšíření nástroje, které umožňuje řešit vícerozměrné problémy pomocí přístupu založeného na datech. (iv) Prokázání účinnosti simulací Monte-Carlo, neuronové sítě a rozhodovacích stromů pro rozhodování při integraci nové technologie procesu do stávajících procesů. (v) Porovnání techniky HTM (Hierarchical Temporal Memory) a duální optimalizace s několika prediktivními nástroji pro podporu managementu provozu v reálném čase. (vi) Implementace umělé neuronové sítě v rámci rozhraní pro konvenční procesní graf (P-graf). (vii) Zdůraznění budoucnosti umělé inteligence a procesního inženýrství v biosystémech prostřednictvím komerčně založeného paradigmatu multi-omics.
|
|
|
Current methods for reducing energy consumption in industrial processes
Lauterbach, David ; Miklas, Václav (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with methods used for reducing energy consumption in industrial processes, their categorization, evaluation of approaches from the point of view of practical applicability, and formulation of leads for choosing the suitable one. First, the process improvement issue is introduced, followed by potential methods which are used nowadays. Furthermore, three chosen methods are presented (Pinch Analysis, Debottlenecking, and Energetic Management) that are often used in process improvement. Case studies, evaluation, and basic leads for their right choice are provided with the methods. In the last part, the European Union plan and the potential of given methods for fulfilling the requirements are presented. This thesis can be convenient primarily for getting familiar with the process improvement issue, given methods and how they can contribute to fulfilling EU requirements in the field of energy and environmental sustainability.
|
|
|
Experimental measurement in the area of industrial drying of textile
Gutovský, Jan ; Touš, Michal (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
The main aim of this thesis is to provide and explore main factors that affect a drying process. The first part contains brief description of the drying process and focuses on a convectional industrial drying process. The following section discusses the theory of an experiment planning followed by an experiment design of the compact tumble industrial dryer. The thesis also includes an exact description of the executed experiment, then outputs of the measurements and model characterizing the drying process of the tested dryer. The last part deals with the methodology and recommendations for the measurements in operating conditions.
|
|
|
Design of a lifting mechanism for artificial lighting for hydroponic cultivation
Černoch, Lukáš-David ; Máša, Vítězslav (referee) ; Naď, Martin (advisor)
The work deals with the optimization of lighting for hydroponic systems in terms of energy efficiency, using a lifting mechanism. It is based on the selection of a suitable lighting, stroke solutions and the possibility of simple automation. The introductory part analyzes the basic principles and variants of hydroponic farms, their advantages, disadvantages and description of partial parts. The work is focused on the design of the light lifter mechanism, so it describes in more detail the different types of lighting for growing plants, and also summarizes the various lifting mechanisms from which it is chosen the most suitable. Subsequently, a 3D model of the selected mechanism was created including a motion study. The final part of the practical part was the price return calculation of the mentioned mechanism.
|
|
|
Effect of exhaust pressure loss on efficiency of gas microturbine
Čechman, Ondřej ; Havlásek, Martin (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to support of microturbines application in industrial processes where it is not used yet, but where it would bring economical saving. This is especially in the case of CHP. For specific CHP system is need to design heat exchanger according to the specific application. One of the necessary parameters for heat exchanger design is exhaust pressure loss caused by heat exchanger, which has negative effect on electrical efficiency of microturbine. The concrete aim of this thesis is verify effect exhaust pressure loss on electrical efficiency of gas microturbine. This issue is solved theoretically using values declared by manufacturer of microturbines, which has been later verified by experimental measurements. The results of this thesis will help to integrate specific microturbine (Capstone C30) as CHP unit for model of energy intensive consumer in the Laboratory of Energy Intensive Processes of NETME Centre at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the Brno University of Technology.
|
|
|
Experimental verification of a gas micro-turbine cogeneration system
Buřil, Lukáš ; Konečná, Eva (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with problematics of natural gas microturbine integration into industrial laundry operation. This integration means utilization of waste heat for direct drying and water heating in a heat exchanger. This heated water can be used in further laundry processes, for example laundering. All the experiments were carried out on the cogeneration system that is installed in Laboratory of Energy Intensive Processes in NETME Centre at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of Brno University of Technology. This system consists of a natural gas microturbine Capstone C30 with nominal electric power of 30 kW, an industrial dryer Primus DX55 with a nominal capacity of 55 kg for laundry and a heat exchanger Vakading type Vakavlas with nominal power of 53 kW. All necessary theoretical and technical preparation was done in order to carry out experiments as follows: • Standard drying program • Water accumulation test • Test of performance of heat exchanger • Direct drying with the use of microturbine’s flue gases These experiments were analyzed and discussed within this thesis. The main contribution of this work is as follows: • Summary of all the knowledge in the area of direct drying • Creation of methodology of utilization of flue gases for direct drying not only in laundry industry but in related fields • Summary of requirements and ways of heat exchanger testing and determination of heat exchanger parameters • Determination of optimal working settings of installed cogeneration system • Description of weak spots in the system and suggested improvements • Basic economic analysis of operating costs During the experiments, it was found that in case of direct drying better results could be achieved in comparison with standard drying. The functionality of the whole system together with the heat exchanger was verified and thus also the possibility of integrating the turbine into the washing process was confirmed. The integration of a natural gas microturbine is both technically and economically feasible for many industrial applications.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.