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Right to Internet
Lexová, Alžběta ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kobelková, Lucie (referee)
The Internet is one of the phenomenons of our time. As of speed and reach it surpasses all media on the world and unlike every other medium it actively engages all people to the process of creating the news. Basic attributes of the Internet make it a power standing above states -- it crosses national borders and doesn't have any direct owner -- and at the same time these attributes make it a power that is practically almost unregulatable. The Internet is regulated on a national level, but there are attempts to pay attention to it on the international level as well. The UN, Human Rights Council especially, examines the issue of the access to the Internet as a human right. This thesis examnies the effort of international community to formulate right to Internet as a human right. The right to Internet can be observed in two ways -- as a right to the content of the Internet and as a right to the technology of the Internet. This thesis observes both these dimensions and examines the international community's stance to their incorporation in the catalogue of human rights.
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Transformation of national liberation struggle into terrorism - the case of ETA
Lexová, Alžběta ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
Basque separatist group ETA (Euskadi Ta Batasuna) was founded in 1959 to achieve the full independence for Basque country at any price. This thesis puts a question when the nationalist fight for Basque independence, which has started in 19th century, turned into terrorist organization. Until 1975 the actions of ETA could be compared to guerrilla actions, because their attacks were aimed almost exclusively against the representatives of general Franco's fascist dictatorship. After year 1975, although Spain was going through transformation into democratic system, ETA still attacked the representatives of police, army and public servants, till the 1987, when it chose the department store as its target on purpose and this attack caused twenty one dead and forty five injured civilians. Nowadays ETA claims, that the ceasefire, that has been declared in the beginning of 2011, is permanent, general and trustworthy.
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