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Possible utilize of nurse's competenicies in community health care in Czech Republic
LUPÍŠKOVÁ, Šárka
The philosophy of community care is deeply rooted in an opinion that states that one of the main missions in a cultivated society is helping the people who, due to their disease, are not able to to meet their own demands and their needs vitally necessary for life. Community care means providing an intervention and support at the right level and in the right form for clients, so that they can reach the highest possible level of self-sufficiency and control over their own lives. Recently, there have been many changes in the health care system. The goal of community care is to provide thourough care in clients' home environments and thus enable them to stay with their community as long as possible. The major task is providing phychical, psychological, paliatic and spiritual services. Families are the vital part of the care and a fundamental root of the whole team cooperation within the system of community care. The community teams consist of health care and social workers, community volunteers, the sick or the disabled. Nurses are important members of multidisciplinary teams. They take an active part in community assessment and they also help ensure a complex care for citizens. The research survey combined a quantitave and a qualitative survey. Firstly, a set of questionnaires for nurses and non-professional public were worked out. Next, an interview was prepared for nurses. The research sample group was made of 153 non-professional respondents and 121 nurses working in different medical facilities all over the Czech Republic. Nine nurses were interviewed. In my thesis two goals were set up. The first goal was to find out where in the community care nurses could implement their competences within the legislative frames. The second goal was to find out what opinion on community nurses non-professional public have. I worke out four hypotheses on the grounds of my goals. The first hypothesis is worded as: The non-professional public is interested in having nurses working for the community care. The second hypothesis is worded as: Nurses between 36-45 of age are willing to work as community care nurses. The third hypothesis is worded as: Nurses' interest in working for the communty care depends on their finished education. The fourth hypothesis is worded as: Nurses working 21-30 years in the health care system are interested in being active as community nurses in home care agencies. On the grounds of the qualitative research survey and five research questions it is possible to set up two hypotheses. The first hypothesis is worded as: Nurses do not know who a community nurse is. The second hypothesis is worded as: Nurses are not interested in working as community nurses. Community care has had a long history. The foundations of community care have been laid in Great Britain. In the Czech Republic community care has not been a novelty. However, we can claim that so far, no community care system has been created.
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The impact of eating habits upon incidence of weidht problems in school children
LUPÍŠKOVÁ, Šárka
Child obesity is becoming a huge problem not just in the Czech Republic, but also among other developed countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) claimed that obesity is a plague of the 21st century. There was a noticeable prevalence of obesity and overweight in industrialized countries and also in the Southern Hemisphere. Although adult obesity has been increasing, the number of obese children has gone up even more rapidly. Currently, in the Czech Republic, nine percent of children are overweight and six percent of children are obese. There are even 4-year-old or 5-year-old children who are 50 kilograms. The theoretical part consists of children{\crq}s health care, the educational role of nurses in primary care, its definition, its purpose, its diagnostics, health risks, and the prevention of obese children. In the theoretical part we focus on the role of school nurse and her importance in the Czech Republic. The object of my graduation work was to get an overview of school children{\crq}s obesity in selected schools in West Bohemia. The scheduled targets were fulfilled. Included in the research were two pre-set assumptions. The first assumption was that the eating habits of school age children do not correspond with rational nutrition. It was not confirmed because it was found that in our research only a minority of pupils don{\crq}t keep up with the principals of rational nutrition. The second assumption stated that insufficient physical activity influences the occurrence of obesity of school age children. This hypothesis was confirmed. Pupils in their leisure time do not pay attention to physical activity at all. They usually watch TV, play PC games, or use PCs for school and other purposes. The research results should be used in the education plan for pupils, teachers and nurses in primary care, they also should improve the lifestyle of school age children, explain to them the importance of a correct way of living. And, in the last place, the results should help to forge good cooperation in the area of obesity prevention and in the area of school age children{\crq}s lifestyles
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