National Repository of Grey Literature 29 records found  beginprevious16 - 25next  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Comparison of factors affecting the origin of overweight and obesity at seven years old children and adolescents
Hanusová, Tereza ; Kunešová, Marie (advisor) ; Vignerová, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis is based on a study of seven year old children Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) processed by Institute of Endocrinology sponsored by WHO Europe and MZ ČR and on a study of adolescents Childhood Obesity Prevalence And Treatment (COPAT) organized by Institute of Endocrinology sponsored by Norway grants and MŠMT ČR. These studies were focused on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents and on factors possibly related to origin of overweight and obesity. Obesity is a severe chronical multifactorial disease that significantly affects health conditions and development of children. Obesity, as a risk factor, is involved in origin of cardiometabolic problems (II. type diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia), cancer, musculosceletal problems and reproductive system disorders (infertility, hypogonadism, polycystic ovary syndrome, disorders of sexual development in children). Preventive programs, focused on childhood obesity, are important part of health care. These programs are based on results of factors involved in the origin of obesity. The aim of this thesis is determine and compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity in seven year old children and adolescents by classification of Czech republic, WHO...
Childhood obesity - the epidemiological study
Mádlová, Markéta ; Kunešová, Marie (advisor) ; Kudlová, Eva (referee)
Obesity is considered to be one of the diseases related to the change in the lifestyle, leading to increased incidence of myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other diseases. Due to the progressively increasing prevalence of obesity in adulthood, prevention of obesity has to start in childhood and adolescent, in which also increase in prevalence of obesity was found. Actual prevalence of overweight and obesity was tested in this thesis by different standards (5. NAS, WHO, IOTF, CDC) in Czech children population in age of 6.5 - 7.5 years in 2013. Its trend since 1951 was evaluated. Since 2008 maintaining of the values in all categories at the constant level was found. The role of risk factors assessed by personal, family and school questionnaires in overweight prevalence was tested. The most important factors were diet, exercise and family factors. Increased weight/height ratio (WHtR) marker of adipose tissue was found in the category of normal weight children also and it shows the link with above-mentioned risk factors of diet, exercise and family prediction. Key words Obesity, Overweight, Prevalence, Childhood, BMI, 5. NAS, WHO, IOTF, CDC, COSI, WHtR, Waist circumference, Risk factors
Amelioration of obesity-associated disorders by n-3 PUFA and oleuropein: adipocentric view
Svobodová, Michaela ; Flachs, Pavel (advisor) ; Cahová, Monika (referee) ; Kunešová, Marie (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Science Department of Genetics and Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute of Physiology, v.v.i Synopsis of Ph.D. Thesis Amelioration of obesity -associated disorders by n-3 PUFA and oleuropein: adipocentric view Michaela Svobodová Praha 2015 Doktorské studijní programy v biomedicine 1 2 Univerzita Karlova v Praze a Akademie věd České republiky Program: Molekulární a buněčná biologie, genetika a virologie Předseda oborové rady: prof. RNDr. Stanislav Zadražil, DrSc. Školicí pracoviště: Fyziologický ústav AV ČR, v.v.i. Autor: Michaela Svobodová Školitel: RNDr. Pavel Flachs, Ph.D. S disertací je možno se seznámit v příslušných knihovnách Přírodovědecké fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Praze.
Role of adiponectin and B-type natriuretic peptide in the regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis
Wedellová, Zuzana ; Štich, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kunešová, Marie (referee) ; Cahová, Monika (referee) ; Horáková, Olga (referee)
Obesity is a most common metabolic disorder worldwide. Prevalence of obesity is consistently growing in all continents during last years. Primarily the increase of incidence of obesity in children is alarming. Obesity is linked to elevated risk of type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, some cancers and disorders of musculoskeletal system. The cost of the treatment of diseases linked to obesity is annually increasing and obesity represents very important part of costs of health system in developed - and recently also developing - countries. This fact shows the necessity of research in the area of preventive and therapeutic procedures. The development of metabolic disturbances linked to obesity is associated with dysfunction of adipose tissue. Its two main features are: 1) altered secretion of specific substance with hormonal or paracrinne charakter (called adipokines) and 2) elevated mobilization of non- esterified fatty acids (NEMK) from adipose tissue and subsequently their increased release into the circulation (1). In our studies we paid attention to the study of lipolysis. The rate of lipolysis is the primary factor that determines the release of NEFA from adipose tissue. We focused to a role of adiponectin and natriuretic peptid type B (BNP) in the regulation of lipolysis in...
Monitoring of antropometric characteristics in 7-year children. Relation to family and school environment . WHO project: Monitoring of childhood obesity.
Guttenbergerová, Tereza ; Kunešová, Marie (advisor) ; Pařízková, Jana (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is based on European study: Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). It is WHO Europe project. In the Czech Republic is this project lead by Institute of Endocrinology. The goal of this work is to determine childhood obesity prevalence and to monitor prevalence in relation to family and school environment. Obesity in children is an important health problem, accelerating throughout the world with particularly alarming trends in Europe. It causes a wide range of serious health and social consequences and increases the likelihood of morbidity in children and adults such as dyslipidaemia, hyperinsulimia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, early atherosclerosis etc. Obesity is also strongly associated with orthopaedic problems and mental disorders, therefore, it is very important to monitor obesity prevalence in childhood. The goal of the work is to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 7-year children in the year 2010 (WHO classification and classification method of Czech republic). Another goal is to find a relation of the anthropometric data to environmental factors - identified by parents of children and representatives of schools (socioeconomic characteristics, eating habits, physical activities etc.). In this diploma thesis were measured 2594...
Effect of fatty acids on lipid metabolism and weight reduction
Hlavatý, Petr ; Kunešová, Marie (advisor) ; Müllerová, Dana (referee) ; Flachs, Pavel (referee)
Fat tissue plays a main role in the development of the metabolic syndrome. Many components of the metabolic syndrome may be improved by dietary arrangements, including an increased intake of n-3 PUFA. In addition to the positive effect of n-3 PUFA, a possible effect of a higher calcium intake on influencing weight loss and energy metabolism has also been discussed for a long time. In addition to nutritional factors, genetic factors significantly contribute to influencing weight and lipid and glucose metabolism. In study A, 40 obese women were observed during three weeks of weight reduction management. Women were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received yogurt enriched with n-3 PUFA, and the second group consumed yoghurt without the supplementation. The results show that low-dose supplementation with n-3 PUFA in yogurt in combination with a reduced energy intake increases n-3 PUFA content in serum lipids and prevents adverse changes in the composition of FA in serum after a short-term low-calorie diet. In study B, we monitored the influence of n-3 PUFA supplementation on short-term weight management with VLCD in 20 women with severe obesity, who were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received VLCD enriched with n-3 PUFA, the second group VLCD with a placebo. The addition of...
Regulation of human adipose tissue gene expression in relation to obesity and insulin resistance
Klimčáková, Eva ; Štich, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kunešová, Marie (referee) ; Vidal, Hubert (referee)
Obesity is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among possible mechanisms leading to IR are increased plasma levels of free fatty acids and Alfred levels of adipokines secreted from adipose tissue (AT). In the first part of the work, we studied obese patients during different nutritional and physical activity interventions. Phenotypic data were related to the expression of AT genes potentially involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity (IS) and/or low-grade inflammation. We confirmed that aerobic and dynamic strength training improved IS and demonstrated that these interventions do not promote changes in subcutaneous AT gene expression or in plasma levels of adiponectin, interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, but decrease circulating leptin level. Very low calorie diet followed by low calorie diet and weight maintenance period enhanced IS in obese women and diminished retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in plasma, but RBP4 mRNA levels were reduced only after very low calorie diet. Our findings indicate that the investigated adipokines, except potentially leptin, might not be mediators of changes in IS induced by lifestyle interventions. In the second part of the work, we investigated the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors...
Molecular adaptations of adipose tissue in relation to dietary treatment of obesity in human
Tencerová, Michaela ; Štich, Vladimír (advisor) ; Flachs, Pavel (referee) ; Kazdová, Ludmila (referee) ; Kunešová, Marie (referee)
The general goal of this work was to investigate the molecular adaptations of human AT in relation to DIs with respect to its secretory activity as well as cellular composition focused on macrophages population. Specifically, we studied the role of novel adipokines, such as visfatin and RBP4, related to insulin resistance and AT metabolism. Furthermore, we wanted to characterize the effect of the dietary-induced changes on the content of ATM together with metabolic amelioration. In our studies, we found that lifestyle modifications had a beneficial effect on metabolic and biochemical parameters depending on the duration and type of DI. Regarding both of the investigated adipokines, visfatin and RBP4, we revealed modifications at the transcriptional and cirulating levels during DI. However, we did not find any association with the pattern of evolution of insulin resistance. Our findings do not support a clear hypothesis on the role of these adipokines in the diet-induced improvement of insulin sensitivity and other obesity-related metabolic disturbances. In respect to the changes of ATM content during long-term DI, we demonstrated using flow cytometry that the AT composition was changed at the end of the whole dietary intervention (i.e. after WM phase). This diet-induced AT remodelling was expressed by a...
Effect of diet and physical activity on regulation of metabolic and endocrine function of adipose tissue
Bajzová, Magda ; Štich, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kunešová, Marie (referee) ; Kazdová, Ludmila (referee) ; Rossmeisl, Martin (referee)
PhD thesis based on clinical studies on the regulation of metabolic and endocrine function of adipose tissue nutrition and physical activity, performed at the Institute of Sports Medicine 3rd Faculty of Medicine in collaboration with the Franco-Czech laboratory of clinical research, joint 3rd workplace Medicine and INSERM in Toulouse.

National Repository of Grey Literature : 29 records found   beginprevious16 - 25next  jump to record:
See also: similar author names
4 KUNEŠOVÁ, Martina
1 Kunešová, Magdaléna
3 Kunešová, Marcela
4 Kunešová, Martina
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