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Selected verbs of perception in Spanish and their Czech counterparts: a semantic and combinatorial analysis
Junková, Anna ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with selected Spanish verbs of sensory perception and their Czech counterparts. For the purpose of this thesis I have chosen the most commonly used pair of verbs of hearing and seeing. Thus, the work focuses on the verbs escuchar, oír, mirar and ver. The practical part of the work is based on the comparison of the Czech counterparts of the verbs or on the comparison of the occurrence of the particular nouns that are associated with these verbs in the construction: verb of seeing/hearing + definite article + noun. The analyses are based on the hypothesis proceeding from the work of Jorge Fernández Jaén "Verbos de percepción sensorial en español: una clasificación cognitiva". The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the verbs escuchar and mirar evoke intentional action and, conversely, the verbs oír and ver do not express intentional action. I used two language corpora, InterCorp and Araneum Hispanicum Maius, to compare the verbs of hearing and seeing with each other. I chose InterCorp for a simple reason - it is a parallel corpus and therefore it is possible to examine the Czech translations of selected Spanish verbs. The great advantage of the Araneum Hispanicum Maius corpus is the extensive amount of texts that are of a different nature than those contained in the...
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Specifics of language in flamenco lyrics
Miltová, Barbora ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Mištinová, Anna (referee)
This Bachelor Thesis deals with a theoretical description of phonetic and lexical charasteristics that appear in flamenco lyrics. For many inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula and also for visitors who have visited this area, flamenco represents one of main symbols of Spain. For Andalusians flamenco symbolizes more than that. Andalusians don't percieve flamenco as a denomination of a musical genre, as a fusion of traditional Spanish folk music and dance, but for them it represents one of the most authentic ways of perceiving, feeling and interpretation of life and world. This Bachelor Thesis is divided into three main chapters. Each of them is aiming to examine flamenco from different perspective. The first chapter focuses on history, description of basic styles and explanation of the term flamenco itself. The following chapters deal with linguistic description of various language components from which flamenco lyrics are composed, that means Andalusian Spanish, Caló and Germanía. Theoretical description of linguistic phenomena is subsequently documented on examples from selected songs, most of which come from work of Spanish folklorist Antonio Machado y Álvarez, Colección de cantes flamencos: recogidos y anotados por Demófilo.
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Italianisms in European Spanish - Historical View
Čížková, Jana ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
The topic of this Master's degree thesis are the lexical loanwords from Italian to European Spanish from the diachronic point of view. The first part is dedicated to the problems of language contact focused on lexical borrowings, followed by the characteristics of Italianisms and the history of the mutual contact of Spain and Italy, that led to the adoption of Italian word in Spanish and vice versa. The adaption of Italianisms in Spanish language is also analysed. The research part of this work is based on the so far most extensive and complex publication about Italianisms in Spanish, which at the same time has been strongly criticized by the science community. The expressions marked in Terlingen's work as Italianisms from the field of commerce are submitted to dictionary analysis. Based on approximately 70 historical, etymological and contemporary Spanish dictionaries, it is being verified whether the chosen words are truly loanwords of Italian origin. Every entry has its origin, meaning and ortographical variations evaluated, and the attention is also drawn to the period of time of their first occurrence and their use in Spanish. These aspects are being studied both in historical and the contemporary language. Last, the conclusions about mercantile Italianisms in Spanish are phrased and the...
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Languages of Spain as televised in bilingual areas
Čechová, Nela ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
(in English): The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the representation of the co-official language and Castilian in the language expression in the autonomous televisions of Catalonia (TV3), Galicia (TVG) and the Basque Country (ETB1, ETB2). Before performing this analysis, the fundamental concepts related to our topic will be defined, followed by introducing basic information about individual autonomous areas and their televisions. Subsequently, we will provide an overview of the theoretical level of the concept of language policies of individual televisions. After that, an analysis will be carried out, during which we will focus not only on the ratio of Castilian and the co-official language in individual channels, but also on the dubbing and the subtitles of Castilian and the co-official language.
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Phonetic Aspects of the Acquisition of Czech by Cuban Speakers
Gonzálezová, Julie ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis examines the differences between the Czech and Cuban phonological inventory. It aims to give a theoretical overview of both systems, to define phonemes, which do not exist in Cuban Spanish, and based on recordings of Cuban speakers living in Prague to give evidence of how they pronounce these phonemes. The paper is divided into two parts: in the theoretical part, the inventory of vowels and consonants in both Czech and Cuban language is thoroughly described, consequently the differences between those two inventories, and then the phonemes problematic for Cuban speakers are identified. In the experimental part, all the realizations of Czech phonemes appearing in the recordings are described. The paper looks at the realizations of Czech vowels and consonants in light of four main variables (level of Czech language, length of stay in Czechia, language used at home, and language used at work). Finally, the results of the research are summarized. Even though, there are quite a few different variations of the pronunciation, as the level of language goes up (also because of other variables), the number of variations is decreasing, in certain cases to only one variation that is corresponding with the pronunciation of the Czech speakers. Keywords Contrastive Phonetics; Czech; Cuban Spanish;...
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Depiction of Plants in Spanish and Czech Phraselogy and Idiomatics
Fučíková, Kateřina ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is Spanish phrasemes and idioms which contain a designation of plants, and also their equivalents in the Czech language. The theoretical part is dedicated to delimitation of crucial concepts from the field of phraseology and idiomatics, and comparison of their conception in the Spanish and Czech linguistic theory. The practical part consists of forming a collection of Spanish phrasemes and idioms containing the designation of plants and their following subjection to a semantic and syntactic analysis. The practical part is followed by a case study which, with the help of a corpus, investigates the frequency of the researched phrasemes and idioms and their Czech equivalents.
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Superlative Prefixes in Contemporary Spanish
Trousilová, Adéla ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
(in English): The objective of this paper is to present the superlative prefixes in contemporary Spanish, which form a very productive part of Spanish word-formation. In my thesis, I address five prefixes in particular: super-, ultra-, archi-, hiper-, requete-. In the theoretical part, the basic terms and conceptual starting points are defined, the superlative prefixes are classified into the typology of Spanish prefixes and the potential Czech equivalents are mentioned there as well. The practical part consists of two studies of superlative prefixes in language corpora. The first study was executed in the Aranea comparable web corpus where I observed the frequency of the prefixes as well as the type of word they attach to. In the second study, executed in the InterCorp parallel corpus, I focused on the most frequent way the superlative prefixes are being translated into Czech.
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Spanish Prepositions Por, Para and Their Czech Equivalents
Šímová, Natálie ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The present work deals with the spanish prepositions por and para. Subject of our research is to define cases in which it is possible to use the prepositions and determine the difference between their meanings. By means of analysis of language corpus, we observe which meanings do the prepositions have and how are they translated into Czech. We investigate if there exist their specific Czech equivalents and whether it is possible to distinguish the meaning of por and para in Czech language.
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Names of Musical Instruments in Spanish from a Synchronous and Diachronic Perspective
Kachlová, Tereza ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
in English This thesis deals with names of the musical instrument in the Spanish language from a synchronic and diachronic perspective. Taking into consideration the great variety of all existing musical instruments, the specified lexicon for this work will be based on the Sachs-Hornbostel classification of musical instruments and, with a few exceptions, its occurrence in standard European form of the symphonic orchestra. I will present the phoneme changes, using the words from musical terminology, in connection with the historical evolution of the music on Iberian Peninsula. Using NDHE dictionary and diachronic corpus CDH and CORDE I will analyse the origin of the names and then the preferred usage in the actual language via corpus CORPES XXI and CREA. Key words: musical instruments, Spanish, diachronic perspective, synchronic perspective, word loans, lexicology, etymology
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Acquisition of Spanish by Czech Speakers: Selected Problem Causing Phonetic Phenomena
Kostelecká, Viktorie ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis Acquisition of Spanish by Czech speakers: selected phonetic phenomena causing problems is focused on sound system of Spanish and correct pronunciation of selected sounds. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and devote second language acquisition (SLA) in general but also deal with sound acquisition, describes in detail phonetic systems of both languages and compares them. The second part is practical. There are analyzed and afterwards compared audio recordings of Czech and Spanish speakers. The acquired data are processed, and it is evaluated which phenomena and in which position are causing the most problems to Czech speakers.
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