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Spanish similes with adjective and it's equivalents in Czech
Šilhavá, Terezie ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
This dissertation focuses on Spanish similes with adjective (like feliz como una perdiz) and its equivalents in Czech. First the theoretical frame is sketched: a summary of the evolution and of the actual situation of the investigation in the field of fraseology; a description of the corpora which were used as a source of the data; a characterization of the basic terms connected with the topic; a description of the function of phrasemes and simies in the process of communication; and a summary of some basic thoughts from cognitive linguistics. Then a semantic and contrastive analysis of the simies with selected adjectives (feliz, alegre, triste, tranquilo, furioso) comes. Finally we point out what each comparatum can tell about the meaning of the adjective, what we can tell about the comparata and its selection, and what can be said about the grade of stabilization of the examined simies. Then a tip follows: what more could be explored in this area and that there could be a possibility to use the results of such research for instance while creating a didactic material.
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Names of Colours in Spanish
Volfová, Eliška ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
The present work deals with the conception of the colours in Spanish and Czech. Subject of our research is the system of the basic colour terms and their usage in the phraseology. By means of analysis of language corpora, we observe main differences of the concepts of colours in given languages. We investigate to what extent these constructions influence speakers in the language perception of reality.
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Lexical aspects of Cuban Spanish
Schumannová, Klára ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
(in English): The topic of the present thesis is the lexical aspects of Cuban Spanish, primarily the influence of other languages on its vocabulary. The theoretical part is dedicated to the historical and cultural circumstances of the history of the Cuban variant of Spanish, it briefly outlines the evolution of the Cuban lexicography and, most importantly, it pays attention to the impact of other languages: Spanish of the conquerors, Indian languages, African languages, French, English, Chinese and Russian on Cuban lexis. In addition, a short part of the thesis is dedicated to the sociolinguistic situation in Cuba. The theoretical background serves as the basis for the practical part of the thesis, in which the occurrence of selected lexical items in the linguistics corpora CREA, CORPES XXI and Araneum Hispanicum Maius is examined.
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Spanish Modality from the Point of View of Relationships among Modal Meanings
Kratochvílová, Dana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee) ; Aurová, Miroslava (referee)
Dana Kratochvílová Spanish Modality from the Point of View of Relationships among Modal Meanings (dissertation) Abstract: The present work deals with the so-called grey areas that can be found within the Spanish modal system. In these areas, two different types of modality (modal meanings) can occur. We study the relationship that can be found between potentiality and reality, potentiality and evaluation, evaluation and volition, volition and question, question and potentiality, potentiality and volition. We analyse the different types of interaction between modal meanings inside the Spanish modality and study the consequences of those interactions. Keywords: modality, mood, Spanish, subjunctive
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Spanish determiners este, ese, aquel and their Czech equivalents
Erbenová, Adéla ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
The thesis is focused on the Spanish determiners este, ese, aquel, the definite article and their anaphoric function. First, the theoretical groundwork for the latter analysis is built: the deter- miners are characterized together with the anaphora as a device of discourse coherence. Then, the choice between the demonstratives este, ese, aquel and the defi- nite article in different types of nominal anaphora is analyzed using examples from the parallel corpus InterCorp. Diverse factors influencing this choice are examined. The analysis is extended with a comparative analysis in which Czech equivalents of the Spanish determiners in the same types of anaphora are compared.
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The category of mood in nominal clauses in contemporary Spanish
Tomeš, Jan ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
KEY WORDS subjunctive, nominal clauses, Spanish, Czech, norm, usage ! ABSTRACT Many works and studies have been dedicated to the usage of indicative and subjuntive in Spanish. It still remains a wildly discussed topic, however, since it is interlocutor's attitude which makes the usage often differ from the codified norm. This paper focuses on the usage of indicative and/or subjuntive in nominal clauses with verbs entender, comprender, admitir, aceptar, explicar, sospechar, imaginar(se), figurarse, suponer and quejarse in the main clause. The norm, explained in the theoretical part of this work, is later confronted with the analysis of selected occurences in CRAE, i.e. the usage. Second analysis executed with paralel corpus InterCorp servers as comparison with the situation in Czech.
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En efecto, desde luego, por supuesto: Pragmatic markers expressing epistemic modality in contemporary Spanish
Belicová, Lenka ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
In this thesis we define basic terms to understand the topic of markers and modality. We observe the diversity of approaches in available literature and analyze the group of seven pragmatic markers that express epistemic (certain) modality. We quote from published, primarily Spanish and Czech, sources that are focused on this issue and sum up different theories and classifications. The aim of this work is to characterize these chosen pragmatic markers from the formal and semantic point of view and define their translation options. The analysis of these markers is mainly based on professional and scientific sources as well as the language corpora InterCorp and CORPES XXI.
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The use of mood in concessive clauses in modern Spanish
Tomková, Veronika ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
Concessive sentences in Spanish are associated with different moods depending on the degree of certainty with respect to the speaker's testimony. Frequent types of the concessive sentences are those with the conjunction aunque and structures introduced by the preposition por. Individual types have the same general rules for the choice of indicative and subjunctive mood, but both types have different use of these moods. In this paper we first follow the standard rules of the choice of moods in the concessive sentences and then they are compared with the Spanish linguistic corpus CREA and with the parallel Spanish-Czech corpus InterCorp.
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The complement of the Spanish adjective
Koťátková, Adéla ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse and describe the complement of the Spanish adjective. We clarify the heterogeneity of linguistic theories that approach this topic. We select the theory of valency in order to delineate the complement of adjective as a valence complement. We review its characteristics and compare the information in the quoted literature with the results of linguistic corpuses CREA and InterCorp. In the practical part, we analyse the corpuses for the combinations of adjective valency, obligation, the possibility of ellipsis, the influence of quantification on the complement and collocations. Key words: Spanish - linguistic corpus - InterCorp - CREA - valency - complement - adjective
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Choice of Mood in Spanish Grammatical Constructions Expressing Potentiality (with Reference to Czech and Italian)
Kratochvílová, Dana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
in English Choice of Mood in Spanish Grammatical Constructions Expressing Potentiality (with Reference to Czech and Italian) Key words: Mood, Subjunctive, Potentiality, Corpus, Spanish, Italian, Czech The objective of this paper is to study the systemic possibilities of alternation between the subjunctive and the indicative in Spanish grammatical constructions expressing potentiality, the semantical differences this alternation brings and also the frequency these two modes appear in respective constructions. In order to achieve this objective I studied not only the specialized literature in the topic but also the language corpora. Later I compared the situation in Spanish with Italian and Czech as well. The results of my study brought me to the conclusion that it is necessary to study each expression of potentiality separately because the verbal modes do not appear equally often after these expressions. On the other hand, the use of the conjunctive in Italian is far more formalized. Czech does not posses any systemic tool that could work for the Spanish subjunctive in every context. However, its translation as the conditional or the future indicative is possible.
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