|
|
Numerical simulations of geodynamic processes
Krýza, Ondřej ; Lexa, Ondrej (advisor) ; Ježek, Josef (referee)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT The aim of this work is to provide a basic overview in numerical modeling of geodynamic processes. Therefore, work is divided into two main parts that almost independently describe its main topic. Both parts are designed to allow reader easily locate sources for more detailed and deeper description of the problem. The first part deals with the mathematical and physical apparatus, which is used to describe the geodynamic processes and their formalization due to the application for the construction of mathematical models. This section is mainly based on the description of conservation laws and related equations (continuity equation, Navier-Stokes equations, heat transfer equation) and also gives an overview of relations describing the force interactions in solids and rheology. The second aspect of this work is explanation of the principle of numerical methods (finite differences, finite volumes, finite elements and spectral methods) and their brief overview. In this part, the work is focused on finite differences, a description of which is the main topic of this part. In last chapter of this work, an example of the implementation of finite difference method for modeling of the thermal evolution of fold structures is given. We elaborate simple kinematic and thermal model to simulate time and...
|
|
|
Analog modeling of subduction zone processes
Tkáčiková, Tatiana ; Žák, Jiří (advisor) ; Krýza, Ondřej (referee)
Subduction zones, domains where oceanic lithosphere is subducted into the mantle beneath an overriding plate, are one of the most dynamic tectonic environments. A wide range of the long-lasting subduction-zone processes may be suitably reproduced and studied through analog modeling and thus may be directly observed in laboratory, though at time and length scales that differ fundamentally from nature. The main goals of this Bachelor thesis are first to provide an overview of large-scale architecture of subduction zones, to present an overview of the published analog experimental methods, and then to discuss the main outcomes of analog modeling of subduction zones and accretionary prisms. The thesis also summarizes the main mechanical parameters of materials used in the analog modeling. Furthermore, a set of simple experiments were performed, with the main goal to model formation of basalt-bearing mélanges during subduction of seamounts and volcanic belts that may occur on ocean floor and are commonly incorporated into accretionary wedges as dismembered Ocean Plate Stratigraphy (OPS).
|
|
|
Analogue and numerical simulations of the geodynamical systems - insights from the models of the Earth collision tectonics and Martian mudflows
Krýza, Ondřej
Analogue and numerical modelling in geosciences is an excellent tool for studying complex spatio-temporal relationships in mass and energy transfer. Recent developments and advances in the plate tectonics and planetology require a combination of both approaches to simulate processes that cannot be studied directly in-situ. Advanced physical models are complemented by deformation analysis which is based on image velocimetry and photogrammetry, while numerical simulations utilize both modern and traditional methods to solve corresponding equations in complex domains. This work compiles several models that are focused on deformation analysis associated with material and heat transfer in large accretionary systems. The second subject of the thesis represent the investigation of the formation and propagation of large mudflows in martian atmospheric conditions. In the first part of the work we present a general overview of the problems of analogue and numerical modelling including scaling theory, governing equations, individual methods and history. In the second part of the thesis we deal with laboratory and numerical simulations of collision-indentation tectonics associated with the emergence of large accretionary systems on Earth. The last part of the thesis is devoted to experiments designed for the...
|
|
|
Analogue and numerical simulations of the geodynamical systems - insights from the models of the Earth collision tectonics and Martian mudflows
Krýza, Ondřej ; Lexa, Ondrej (advisor) ; Čížková, Hana (referee) ; Schöpfer, Martin (referee)
Analogue and numerical modelling in geosciences is an excellent tool for studying complex spatio-temporal relationships in mass and energy transfer. Recent developments and advances in the plate tectonics and planetology require a combination of both approaches to simulate processes that cannot be studied directly in-situ. Advanced physical models are complemented by deformation analysis which is based on image velocimetry and photogrammetry, while numerical simulations utilize both modern and traditional methods to solve corresponding equations in complex domains. This work compiles several models that are focused on deformation analysis associated with material and heat transfer in large accretionary systems. The second subject of the thesis represent the investigation of the formation and propagation of large mudflows in martian atmospheric conditions. In the first part of the work we present a general overview of the problems of analogue and numerical modelling including scaling theory, governing equations, individual methods and history. In the second part of the thesis we deal with laboratory and numerical simulations of collision-indentation tectonics associated with the emergence of large accretionary systems on Earth. The last part of the thesis is devoted to experiments designed for the...
|
|
|
Analogue and numerical simulations of the geodynamical systems - insights from the models of the Earth collision tectonics and Martian mudflows
Krýza, Ondřej
Analogue and numerical modelling in geosciences is an excellent tool for studying complex spatio-temporal relationships in mass and energy transfer. Recent developments and advances in the plate tectonics and planetology require a combination of both approaches to simulate processes that cannot be studied directly in-situ. Advanced physical models are complemented by deformation analysis which is based on image velocimetry and photogrammetry, while numerical simulations utilize both modern and traditional methods to solve corresponding equations in complex domains. This work compiles several models that are focused on deformation analysis associated with material and heat transfer in large accretionary systems. The second subject of the thesis represent the investigation of the formation and propagation of large mudflows in martian atmospheric conditions. In the first part of the work we present a general overview of the problems of analogue and numerical modelling including scaling theory, governing equations, individual methods and history. In the second part of the thesis we deal with laboratory and numerical simulations of collision-indentation tectonics associated with the emergence of large accretionary systems on Earth. The last part of the thesis is devoted to experiments designed for the...
|
|
|
Analogue and numerical simulations of the geodynamical systems - insights from the models of the Earth collision tectonics and Martian mudflows
Krýza, Ondřej ; Lexa, Ondrej (advisor) ; Čížková, Hana (referee) ; Schöpfer, Martin (referee)
Analogue and numerical modelling in geosciences is an excellent tool for studying complex spatio-temporal relationships in mass and energy transfer. Recent developments and advances in the plate tectonics and planetology require a combination of both approaches to simulate processes that cannot be studied directly in-situ. Advanced physical models are complemented by deformation analysis which is based on image velocimetry and photogrammetry, while numerical simulations utilize both modern and traditional methods to solve corresponding equations in complex domains. This work compiles several models that are focused on deformation analysis associated with material and heat transfer in large accretionary systems. The second subject of the thesis represent the investigation of the formation and propagation of large mudflows in martian atmospheric conditions. In the first part of the work we present a general overview of the problems of analogue and numerical modelling including scaling theory, governing equations, individual methods and history. In the second part of the thesis we deal with laboratory and numerical simulations of collision-indentation tectonics associated with the emergence of large accretionary systems on Earth. The last part of the thesis is devoted to experiments designed for the...
|
|
|
Application of multivariate statistical methods for analysis of 2D thermo-mechanical numerical models of diapirism
Krýza, Ondřej ; Lexa, Ondrej (advisor) ; Ježek, Josef (referee)
Application of multivariate statistical methods for analysis of thermomechanical numerical models of diapirism Most of the thermo-mechanical processes, that are associated with the geodynamic evolution of the lithosphere, can be derived from the laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy in a continuous conception of space. The study of such dynamical systems reveals their strong sensitivity to variation of the initial conditions. For testing the applicability of multivariate statistics in analyzing the influence of the initial conditions, two independent 2D thermo-mechanical multilayer numerical models of crustal diapirism of the Moldanubiam zone were created. The diapirism in central part of Moldanubian zone is characterized by exhumation of HP-HT granulites during the Variscan orogeny (Lexa et al., 2011) which is influenced by density contrast of the middle mafic and lower felsic crust, the ratio of the amount mafic and felsic material, radiogenic heat productivity of the felsic lower crust and shape of the interface of this two layers. The initial setup of this models reflects the situation in future central part of the Bohemian Massif after subduction of the Saxothuringian continental crust and after redistribution of felsic material beneath a base of a lower-crustal area of the...
|
|
|
Numerical simulations of geodynamic processes
Krýza, Ondřej ; Lexa, Ondrej (advisor) ; Ježek, Josef (referee)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT The aim of this work is to provide a basic overview in numerical modeling of geodynamic processes. Therefore, work is divided into two main parts that almost independently describe its main topic. Both parts are designed to allow reader easily locate sources for more detailed and deeper description of the problem. The first part deals with the mathematical and physical apparatus, which is used to describe the geodynamic processes and their formalization due to the application for the construction of mathematical models. This section is mainly based on the description of conservation laws and related equations (continuity equation, Navier-Stokes equations, heat transfer equation) and also gives an overview of relations describing the force interactions in solids and rheology. The second aspect of this work is explanation of the principle of numerical methods (finite differences, finite volumes, finite elements and spectral methods) and their brief overview. In this part, the work is focused on finite differences, a description of which is the main topic of this part. In last chapter of this work, an example of the implementation of finite difference method for modeling of the thermal evolution of fold structures is given. We elaborate simple kinematic and thermal model to simulate time and...
|
guest ::
