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Divisive Factors of Immigration Policy in the Republican Party: A Case Study of Representatives from California
Vaculová, Lucia ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with different opinions on the measures of the proposed immigration reform between representatives of the Republican Party. The aim of this work is to present the reasons for the split during the first session of the 113th Congress by analyzing the views of Members representing the state of California and the effects of their decisions. The first part describes the development of the party since the elections in 2010. It outlines a change in approach of the party leaders on immigration issue and the opinions of different factions to proposed legislation. Following the presentation of the proposal of the reform adopted in the Senate in the summer of 2013, it explains the main dimensions of immigration policy. The second half consists of case study that focuses on the influences that shape views of politicians on immigration. The work thematically sorts aspects of immigration policy into categories of border protection, legal and illegal immigration. Based on the results of other works, it describes three variables that have a determining influence on the views of the representatives: electorate, interest groups and the ideology of the politician. The application of the presented theories allows for the analyses of the casual connection between said data and view of politicians...
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The Zapatista uprising and its influence on political transformation in Mexico
Kotasová, Jana ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
The thesis discusses the uprising of Zapatista Army of National Liberation and its impact on democratization and political transformation in Mexico. First, it looks into the context of the political situation in Mexico before 1994, history of Zapatista army and the election year of 1994. The reasons for the uprising were several - from neoliberalism in the Mexican economy and the completion of the land reform until the joining of NAFTA. During the uprising, Mexico was an authoritarian regime with a government of one party - the Institutional Revolutionary Party. The Zapatistas have tried to proclaim the change of direction of Mexican politics. The actual rebellion lasted only 12 days before the start of negotiations between the government and rebels. Thanks to the media and broad international support, the uprising evolved into a left-wing movement, fighting for the rights of the Indian population and the poorer Mexican inhabitants. Over the years the Zapatistas have achieved partial success and often provide direction for the political transition. The main subject of this thesis is examining the impact of democratization on the Zapatistas in Mexico.
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Differences in legal status of same-sex marriage between selected US states: California, Texas, Florida
Hodboď, Dominik ; Anděl, Petr (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of same-sex marriage in California, Texas and Florida. Gay marriages is a very hot topic nowadays in the US. After the Supreme Court decision in June 2013, which struck down a law that explicitly defined marriage as a union only between a man and a woman, ensued a wave of states legalizing gay marriages. After another Supreme Court decision in October 2014 on the issue, it became legal in the majority of US states to wed couples of the same gender. Texas and Florida did not join these states. California on the contrary legalized same-sex marriages. The thesis searches for reasons of this disparity in legal status of gay marriages between the three states. Particularly it looks at political aspects of the issue. The thesis describes the political situation in the examined states and approach of the politicians to the question of same-sex marriages. It also deals with relevant court cases which are essential to the issue. From the researched outcomes it finds reasons for differences in legal status of same-sex marriages between California, Texas and Florida before the October 2014 Supreme Court decision.
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Impact of the Operation Gatekeeper on the number of illegal immigrants into the USA
Ochmannová, Kristýna ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
Bachelor thesis The Impact of the Operation Gatekeeper on the number of illegal immigrants into the United States deals with the effort of the United States of America to improve the border protection against the entry of illegal aliens, mostly from Mexico. The paper initially focus on the history of border enforcement and Border Patrols on the U.S.-Mexico boundary. Another chapter is devoted to historical and territorial context of the area between the U.S. city of San Diego and Mexican city of Tijuana. Consequently, the paper attempts to explain the reasons why the United States had to increase border control and devised programs to improve defense but also the promotion to the floor of Congress and the general public. Operation Gatekeeper was a part of the program, which included the area on the west coast, in the San Diego sector. The paper also stated what was involved during the operation, what was part of it. Attention is paid to the impacts that were associated with the topic of Gatekeeper . These include reducing the number of illegal crossings in the San Diego, but illegal immigrants attempt trying in another territory , as well as an increased risk for illegal immigrants in less accessible areas or the development of professional smugglers. In conclusion, the paper try to explain the...
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Nixon Shock" and the end of the Bretton Woods System
Šálený, Václav ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with an important turning point in the international monetary system, which took place in 1971, when American President Nixon, in his New Economic Policy, suspended the convertibility of the dollar into gold and thus ended the Bretton Woods system. This system had worked since the end of World War II and was characterized by fixed exchange rates and the dominant role of the U.S. dollar. The thesis deals with the structural problems of the Bretton Woods system and with domestic problems of the U.S. economy at the beginning of the 1970s, which together led President Nixon to end the system. The thesis contains a description of the short-term consequences of "Nixon shock" and of the New Economic Policy in terms of macroeconomic indicators, rate of inflation and rate of unemployment. The most important long-term consequence of the Nixon shock was the creation of a new monetary system, which is called Jamaica system and is based on floating exchange rates. In the third chapter of this thesis Jamaica monetary system is characterized together with the advantages and disadvantages of floating exchange rates in comparison with fixed exchange rates according to economic theory. The last part is an analysis of the impact of floating exchange rates on the U.S. economy in the 1970 's...
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Provincial Involvement in Canadian Immigration Policy Making: The Case of Ontario
Georgievová, Olga ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
Asymmetry and executive federalism are two unique features that dominate the Canadian political landscape. As a result, federal and provincial governments are in direct negotiations over many current public policy issues, immigration policy notwithstanding. In order to understand the current immigration debate and to evaluate the benefits of greater provincial involvement, it is first necessary to comprehend what motivates provinces to be active in immigration policy-making. Ontario presents an interesting example of a province that used to be quite content with leaving the federal government dominant in the immigration arena but that has recently changed its attitude completely: Ontario is now much more assertive in presenting its demands. Through a comprehensive literature review and a series of interviews of key immigration policy figures, this study analyzes the main motives of Ontario with respect to immigration policy. It finds that they were primarily of economic, demographic, and political nature and that they were mainly connected to the relative decline of Ontario's position within Canada.
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The War on Drugs in American Think Tanks
Faltys, Jan ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Schulzová, Helena (referee)
This thesis focuses on current situation in the USA that revolves around the legalization of marijuana from the perspective of American think tanks also known as policy institutes. The aim was to compare approaches of these institutions which differ from each other in their ideological background as well as in their proposed solution. It was necessary for a complex analysis to cast light on the institution of think tanks, their history and influence on lawmaking. Four different groups of think tanks were chosen - libertarian, conservative, centrist and liberal/progressive. It was found out that their impact is hard to measure but they certainly do have some impact. Individual think tanks propose different drug policies from legalization to decriminalization to preservation of current situation and not even two think tanks in the same ideological group share the same opinion.
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China as the biggest foreign holder of U.S. government bonds: analysis of impacts on U.S. foreign policy
Holuša, Petr ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the question whether China's purchases of American government bonds affect the foreign policy of the USA. The first part analyses bonds as instruments for debt financing and explains why China is motivated to buy American government bonds. The second part is concerned with the relationship between the lender and the borrower and assumes that the relationship between deficit financing and a change in the foreign policy towards the lender is possible, an example being the relationship of the USA and Mexico in the 1980s. The last part introduces criteria based on which it evaluates whether the American foreign policy towards China is changing. The thesis is focused on the topic of human rights, which is a frequent source of dispute between these two countries. The thesis also comprises an analysis of the dispute between the USA and China regarding weapon sales to Taiwan. It also analyses the possibility of China selling all its American government bonds and the potential consequences for the American economy. The conclusion sums up the topics discussed in the thesis and provides an answer to the set question.
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Cultural diplomacy of Canada
Polachová, Barbora ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
In current era of globalization when cultural diplomacy became one of the inherent tools of "soft power" of a foreign policy, it is relevant to research on the place of cultural diplomacy in foreign policy portfolio of nation-states. The focus of this thesis is to evaluate the attitudes of the Canadian government towards cultural diplomacy from 1990s until today. In 1995, Canadian values and culture became one of the three pillars of Canadian foreign policy. The author therefore attempted to map whether cultural diplomacy became a coherent and strategic tool of the Canadian foreign policy during this era. By analyzing the tools of the Canadian cultural diplomacy of the Liberal governments of Jean Chretien, Paul Martin and the present Conservative government of Stephen Harper, the author seeks to answer whether we are witnessing a gradual eclipse of cultural diplomacy as a means of soft power under the Harper administration. The research of government documents and cultural diplomacy programs along with the analysis of interviews with important government officials suggest that the cultural diplomacy was not practiced as a strategic tool in foreign policy management until the third election term of Jean Chretien in the year of 2000. Since then we can track fulfilling the Third Pillar as an...
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Interpretation of the Interstate Commerce Clause by the U.S. Supreme Court
Musilová, Nikola ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to analyze the issue of one of the most significant congressional powers found in Article I., Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. Congressional power to regulate interstate commerce has been instrumental to the federal government's legislative efforts in many areas of law. This constitutional provision enabled the Congress to react to the changing conditions and new problems the country has been facing, especially in the area of working conditions, civil rights, criminal justice or even environmental law and many others. The expansion of power of the federal government, however, was not always greeted with enthusiasm, especially in the first three decades of the 20th century, before the Supreme Court began to read the commerce power much more broadly, to the point that it ceased to be a factual limitation of its powers. This trend was meant to be stopped by the New Federalism movement and the five new conservative justices who issued rulings that limited the scope of the Commerce Clause. However, this group of justices proved to be very inconsistent in its own approach toward this constitutional provision and eventually fell apart, which rendered Rehnquist's attempted constitutional revolution with respect to state's rights partly a failure. As the new Court membership under...
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