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Phytophily - its origin and influence onto humans
Hůla, Martin ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kleisner, Karel (referee)
Phytophilia, the love of plants, is a widespread and probably inborn human quality. This work shows evolutionary interpretations of its origin. These suggest that phytophilia has evolved as an adaptation to the choice of the resource-rich habitat and to the effective orientation in space. The work also presents the effects of plants on human psyche and briefly mentions cultural and individual differences.
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The ecological and ethological significance of felid coat patterns (Felidae)
Jaroš, Filip ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Horáček, Ivan (referee) ; Weber, Andreas (referee)
The presented work investigates various theories about the significance of felid coat patterns. Most of the hypotheses are based on the theory of adaptive function of animal colouration. As regards felids, it is generally believed that the coat pattern has the function of aggressive resemblance. Early testimonies about cryptic properties of colouration of cats are summarized to provide the historical perspective of the problem. Other putative adaptive functions of patterns are investigated (intraspecific communication, thermoregulation) and close attention is paid to the option that the spotted coat of the leopard (Panthera pardus) serves as a cue for recognition from the perspective of prey. In the next stage, some of the hypotheses are tested by statistical means. The problem is simplified into search for association between a given category of a coat pattern (e.g. spots, stripes) and usual habitat of felid species (e.g. forest, grassland). Pagel's test for correlated changes is employed to account for phylogenetic relationships. In addition to broadly acknowledged hypotheses, the validity of proposition that juvenile coat patterns have the function of protective resemblance is tested. Finally, the problem of colouration of felids is linked to broader context of theoretical biology. Apart from prevailing...
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On Terrible Beauty: Depression as an impairment of Aesthetic Perception.
Josephy, Michal ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Pěničková, Daniela (referee)
This case study is focused on general - anthropological description of experience and behavior of a case of a man living in the phases ranging from medium to major depression with a regard for the considered etiological model of depression as "an impairment of aesthetic perception". Research showed that these disorders are not limited only to hedonic aesthetics of pleasure/displeasure arising from anhedonia as one of the main symptoms of depression. It indicates that it is possible to identify them for instance in language, visual perception, bodily experiences, as well as in the development and structure of the ego. The key importance of an unimpaired ability to perceive beauty and its role in life was successfully recorded within a deviant case On Terrible Beauty.
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Ethics of biological invasions
Klimeš, Adam ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Jirsa, Jakub (referee)
The Ethics of Biological Invasions Etika biologických invazí Řešitel: Adam Klimeš Vedoucí práce: prof. RNDr. Stanislav Komárek, Dr. Abstract There is a considerable attention ascribed to the phenomenon of biological invasions - to the fast spread of nonnative species in certain area. However evaluation of the biological invasions is usually limited to the calculation of damage costs and means spent on the control of nonnative species. The ethical aspect is marginalized this way, although as it conserns living orgamisms, such aspect is inevitably present. Presented study deals with identification, foundation and analysis of all values threatened by biological invasion or by its control. This can be considered as basis for establishment of an ethical approach to evaluation of biological invasions. Indentified values are instrumental value, value of individuals, species, live and esthetic value.
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War as a Biosocial Theme in the Works of Edvard Beneš and Bohumil Němec
Tomsová, Julie ; Stella, Marco (advisor) ; Komárek, Stanislav (referee)
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá tématem Válka jako biosociální téma v některých dílech Edvarda Beneše a Bohumila Němce a sleduje v období První republiky politické biologismy v politických otázkách s obzvláštním důrazem na dílo dvou významných osobností československé veřejné i odborné sféry, Edvarda Beneše a Bohumila Němce. Od počátku 19. století se v návaznosti na Darwinovu evoluční teorii a její společenské aplikace (eugenika, rasová hygiena, "sociální biologie") začíná rozvíjet i tzv. biologie války neboli aplikace biologických principů na pojetí lidské války, k níž se oba zmínění autoři ve svých pracích vyjadřovali. Tato bakalářská práce představuje rozbor dvou jejich děl, vztahujících se k danému tématu, a pokus o jejich zasazení do širšího kontextu, jak z hlediska kulturně historického, tak z hlediska interní logiky darwinistických a jiných biosociálních teorií. Edvard Beneš a Bohumil Němec, dvě významné osoby československé odborné i veřejné sféry, politicky, intelektuálně a vědecky významní představitelé První republiky. Ve svých vědeckých, filozofických a politických názorech se hluboce rozcházeli a v roce 1935 proti sobě dokonce stáli jako protikandidáti v prezidentských volbách. Odlišná perspektiva i vědecké zaměření se odrazily i na jejich odlišném pojetí války. Z Beneše promlouvá sociolog a...
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