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The impact of religion on reproductive behaviour
Tvrdíková, Michaela ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
The impact of religion on reproductive behaviour Abstract Religion is one of the reproductive behaviour determinants examined in literature. The aim of this thesis is to find a relation between religion, religiosity and a level of fertility. Using the method of Poisson regression, the thesis analyses data from "European Value Study" comparing the Czech Republic, Italy, Germany and Poland and data from research "Detraditionalitization and individualization of religion in the Czech Republic in 2006". Using literature, established hypotheses assume a higher level of fertility among religiously active population. Affiliation with a denomination, frequency of church service visits, importance of religion in life, demographic and socioeconomic indicators are used as variables. Part of the thesis is devoted to a qualitative researched focused on young believers with academic education. The research deals with their attitude to the Church and opinions on religious teaching, norms and prohibitions. Key words: religiosity, religion, fertility, qualitative research, European Values Study
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Demographic characteristics of new social-spacial formations in Czechia
Brabec, Tomáš ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
In our bachelor thesis we will deal with the demographic characteristics of small territorial units. We will use the concept of the new socio-spatial formations (NSPF), a concept which is relatively new and still little used. NSSF are specific localities where segregated or separated populations with similar economic level and lifestyle are concentrated. NSSF may be divided into three basic types - localities with a strong concentration of social, socially weak population and foreigners. The main goal is to highlight the fact that residents in these formations differ in demographic characteristics and demographic behavior from the rest of the Czech Republic, and between different types of NSSF. Separated and segregated population in the NSSF has a younger age structure. There are differences between types of NSSF in the level of fertility. While the socially weak population with a highly above average levels of fertility in areas of strong social and fecundity of foreigners is rather small. The work also deals with the debate about the causes of differences in demographic behavior. We work with the second demographic transition theory and the theory of risk society.
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Structural population changes according to census data 1930-2001 within the fertility development context
Švástová, Lada ; Bartoňová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Structural population changes according to census data 1930-2001 within the fertility development context Abstract The objective of this study is to describe and evaluate the basic structural population changes in the Czech Republic in years 1930-2001. The age, sex and marital status structures are ranked among the demographic structures. In the first part, the fertility development is suggested. The next part describes the main trends of sex and age structures, especially points to the contemporary phenomenon of demographic aging. The marital status structural changes are the object of the last chapter. The influence of fertility is projected on the mentioned demographic structures. Moreover, the influence of nuptiality, divorce rate and mortality is projected on the marital status structure. Keywords: demographic structure, age, sex, marital status, fertility, demographic aging, census
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Comparison of population development in the US and Canada
Mošna, Pavel ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Janská, Eva (referee)
Population development in the USA and Canada was essentialy changed. Fertility increase caused "Baby Boom" in both countries. A strong cohort formed during "Baby Boom has strong impact on population development up to these days. A following social changes prompt drop of fertility rates. Drop in fertility rates together with constatnt improving of life expectancy caused aging of population, a serious problem. The population development is also influenced by high numbers of immigrants. Despite many similar factors, which affect development in both countries, it is possible to find essential differences. Disparities in population development are growing.
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Changes in reproductive behaviour of the Czech population after 1990
Polesná, Helena ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Changes in reproductive behavior of the Czech population after 1990 and their causes Abstract The aim of this work is to record and assess changes in the demographic behavior of the Czech population since 1990 and then try to discover their causes. The Second Demographic Transition theory is used to compare these changes with the course of those that took place in Western countries represented in this work by the Netherlands. The analytical part documents the development of fertility, abortion, marriage and divorce behavior in the Czech Republic and the Netherlands since 1950. Part of this work, which is aimed at identifying causes of changes, deals with changes in the value orientations of Czech and Dutch population between 1991 and 2008. The results of the European Values Study were used. The attention is focused on the change of values and attitudes relating to marriage and parenthood. Based on the results, we conclude that the changes taking place in the Czech Republic are similar in nature to those, which are typical for Western European countries. The causes of these dramatic changes were found in the combined influence of structural and cultural factors. Keywords: Second Demographic Transition, values, fertility, abortion, marriage, divorce, demographic behaviour
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Second child from international perspective
Kudrnová, Pavlína ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Second child from international perspective Abstract The main aim of this thesis is a comparative analysis of the second child in Sweden, Finland, Netherlands, Austria, Czech Republic and Slovakia. The main tool of this analysis are period fertility tables for the years 1991-2007. Theories why people want children and factors influencing the decision of starting a family and its size are mentioned in the first part. Furthermore, the text focuses on the comparison of family conditions and environment in each country which turned out to be the most friendly in Sweden and the Netherlands. The main part, the analysis of the second child, shows more significant changes in the Czech Republic and Slovakia than in other countries during the period - both in shifting childbearing to higher age of women and reducing the levels of period and cohort fertility or in the probability of having a second child. The results point out the incipient signs of loss of the prominent position of the second child and two-child family, especially in the Central European counties. Keywords: the second child, fertility, period fertility tables, the probability of having a second child, a family
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Impact of ethnicity on recent fertility change by marital status in Kazakhstan
Dyussupova, Saule ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Science Department of Demography and Geodemography PhD study program Mrg. Saule Dyussupova IMPACT OF ETHNICITY ON RECENT FERTILITY CHANGE BY MARITAL STATUS IN KAZAKHSTAN PhD dissertation Tutor: Prof. RNDr. Jitka Rychtaříková, CSc. Prague - 2011 Dedicated to my parents - Khanshaym and Tuyakh I declare that this dissertation is my own work under the supervisor of Prof. RNDr. Jitka Rychtaříková CSc. Where other sources of information have been used, they have been acknowledged. I agree that if any results gained while working on this thesis will be used outside the Charles University in Prague, written permission of the University will be necessary. I agree to lend this thesis for study reasons and agree that the thesis will be added to the borrower's database. In Prague, 14.05.2011 Saule Dyussupova Acknowledgements I would like to open the first paper of my dissertation with the deepest expression of gratitude to all teachers for their time, patience, and hard work, to those who made my study at the Charles University in Prague successful, exciting and pleasant. It was an unforgettable experience. You were always there to help and share knowledge, skills and ideas with me. My special words of appreciation go to my dear tutor Prof. RNDr. Jitka Rychtaříková CSc, whose...
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The role of work-family reconciliation policies in female employment and fertility recuperation in selected EU member states
Utegenova, Kamila ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
The role of work-family reconciliation policies in female employment and fertility recuperation in selected EU member states Kamila Utegenova Abstract Currently an increasing number of parents, in particularly women, experience conflict in work-family balance, which significantly affects the level of fertility in developed countries. The European Council is actively involved in solving this problem, since the general welfare of the country may directly depend on the balanced population reproduction. This work is aimed at identifying the effects of the special measures taken to improve women's employment efficiency - in the spheres of childcare arrangements, parental leave and gender equality. Keywords: fertility, employment, work-life balance, European Union member states
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Demographic development in muslim countries with evaluation of possible influence of Islam
Boďová, Daniela ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Demographic development in Muslim countries with evaluation of possible influence of Islam Abstract The objective of this study is to analyse and to evaluate the demographic development during the second half of 20th century in chosen Muslim countries. Primarily, processes of mortality and fertility are analysed; describing of processes of nuptiality and divorce are more likely additional. In the first part, chosen muslim countries are divided into groups, and the relationship of Islam and demographic processes is described. In the second part is an analysis focused on describing processes, prediction to the future and on proving possible influence of Islam on mortality and fertility. The analysis supported basic hypothesis that Islam hasn't decisive influence on these processes. Results of analysis are consulted with theoretical background from the first part and then compared with preliminary hypothese in the conclusion. Keywords: Muslim countries, Islam, mortality and fertility, time series, cointegration of time series
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Brain drain in Kazakhstan in 1999-2008
Mukhtarova, Naila ; Janská, Eva (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Brain drain of Kazakhstan in 1999-2008 Abstract The objective of this study is to analyze and evaluate the main trends and development of brain drain process in Kazakhstan for period from 1999 to 2008. Several key topics are discussed in this work: the economic and social context of skilled migration: employment patterns of highly skilled persons in Kazakhstan; the role of educational migration. In the first part of the work was given general patterns of brain drain in the world and overview of relevant literature. In the second part were analyzed trends of highly skilled migration in Kazakhstan. The data are taken from censuses and other relevant data sources. The data collection is provided by the Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Keywords: brain drain, migration, socio-economical situation, remittances, oralmans, education.
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