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Region Formation and Transformations of its Roles in Course of the 20th Century: Bohemian-Moravian Highlands
Krajíček, Jan ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Janáč, Jiří (referee)
"Region" is nowadays one of the most frequented term in the discourse of the humanities. In the approach of the History, the region is used as a theoretical and methodological concept, whose content has wide range in other social sciences, such as Human Geography and Sociology. This thesis deals with the possibility of the utilization of this term in the historical research applicated on the particular case of the Bohemian- Moravian Highlands. Thesis describes the recent state of the research and the progress in the approach to the term of region. The main concepts which can be used in the case of the Highlands are also shown and described. This particular region was chosen because of its specificity - it's a central periphery, which formed itself into a centralized and institutionalized modern region, the Vysočina Region, during the 20th century. The basic way-out is Anssi Paasi's theory of the shaping of regions. According to it, region can be found in many dimensions in the process of its creation - not just in a physical shape, but also in a symbolic shape, in the making of its identity. Eventually, region has got variable social and economic characteristics. The meaning in which region is percepted and imagined is also changed by these processes of creation - the role of the region is changing...
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Post-communist Hungary as an opportunity: from the transfer of urban intervention models by the Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations to its abortion, the case of Ferencváros district in Budapest (1988-2014).
Saïsset, Paul ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Takács, Ádám (referee) ; Ozouf Marignier, Marie Vic (referee) ; Verdier, Nicolas (referee)
Title of the thesis Post-communist Hungary as an opportunity: from the transfer of urban intervention models by the Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations to its abortion, the case of Ferencváros district in Budapest (1988-2014). Abstract In a context of regime change this study offers to focus on the process by which the French institution, the Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations, started the diffusion of urban intervention models and then aborted it. The analysis based on networks of actors formed locally in Hungary, attempts to describe the logics of actions constituting of this transfer at different scales: local, national and transnational. Treating this subject post-festum drove the study towards an ethnographic and historic approach, focusing on the analysis of actors' discourses in order to raise different narratives of the past actions. The fall of communism is here understood as a period of uncertainty and its successive redefinitions by politicians are still structuring the actual Hungarian political and economic issues. More than a simple rupture, this period is characterized by a power struggle in the discourses for the justification of different interest groups' actions. Thus, this event is first and foremost an opportunity. In short, the study of tangible aspects of the transnational influence...
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Preservation History of Art Nouveau Heritage in Hungary, Czech Lands and France
Zámbó, Lilla ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Michaud, Eric (referee)
Preservation History of Art Nouveau Heritage in Hungary, Czech Lands and France Master Thesis Lilla Zámbó Abstract This master thesis discusses the preservation history of the most relevant architectural monuments of Art Nouveau from the perspective of different ideological and political systems of Hungary, the Czech Lands and France in the 20th century. The main objective of the thesis is to examine the influences of Art Nouveau in the society and vice versa through different heritage protection procedures and successful monument restorations, which took place in significant "Art Nouveau cities" of Europe: Budapest, Prague, Nancy and Strasbourg. The Art Nouveau style (1890-1914) was born as a reaction to the academic schools at the end of the nineteenth century and spread quickly by advertising a new architectural program, thanks to its special aesthetical, social and political contents. In order to satisfy the needs of the "modern" age and to create a better environment for the people, Art Nouveau broke with the previous dominant historical tendencies, not only in a mental way, but also in employing a new design and decorative elements. Thus the international practice-based, but locally unique and unprecedented works of the Art Nouveau were totally differing from the dominant eclectic townscapes, which is...
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The Image of Maximilien Robespierre in the Thermidorian Discourse
Křivánková, Alena ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The bachelor thesis The Image of Maximilien Robespierre in the Thermidorian Discourse deals with the way Robespierre was described during the era of the Thermidorian Convention (1794 - 1795) and how his image was politically used. The main sources of information are political pamphlets. The first part illustrates the image of the Thermidorian coup and its subsequent legitimization. The second part discusses the personality of Robespierre, symbolizing the embodiment of a certain approach to power and the revolutionary terror, and shows the connection between this notion and political alterations which were taking place in the revolutionary France at that time. The third one characterizes the struggles between Thermidorian left and right wing, and shows, how the image of Robespierre and the denomination "robespierristes" was used during this fight. As a result the negative image of Robespierre was gradually connected to the negative image of Thermidorian left as to the negative image of the Mountain Convention period, whereas it was used to support and legitimize a political turn to the right. Meanwhile, which image of Robespierre prevailed, is given precisely by the victory of the right. Key words: Maximilien Robespierre - French Revolution - Thermidor - propaganda
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Architectural transformation of urban centers. Czech towns 1945 - 1989.
Kurz, Michal ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the architectural transformation (i.e. redevelopment and new buildings) of historical centers in Czech towns in the years 1945-1989. The author tries to put this process into context of the period architecture and heritage conservation and to answer some basic questions. How were the conceptions of an optimal form of new buildings intended for historical surroundings being generated and developed? What factors did these conceptions influence? Why were new buildings so often being located just to these valuable town parts and who did in the process of their formation participate? The thesis is divided into five parts which are connected in time and the author emphasizes the topic continuity with the pre-war period, because we can observe the conflict between traditionalism and modernism as well as the advantages and the limits both of these methods as far back as the 1930s. The examples are chosen within the set of 71 Czech district towns except the capital city Prague. Keywords: Modernisation of historical city-centers, urbanism, architecture, heritage, 1945-1989
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Czechoslovak CIAM Chapter after the Second World War
Hanáčková, Marcela ; Švácha, Rostislav (advisor) ; Klusáková, Luďa (referee)
Swiftly describing Czechoslovak participation in the thirties the stress of this dissertation on the history of the Czechoslovak CIAM chapter after the second war. It describes the success of the Czechoslovak presentation on the congress in Bridgwater (national and regional plannig), the cooperation on the development of the CIAM Grid with Le Corbusier, the missed opportunity to hold the congress in Prague, the impact of centralization on the Czechoslovak CIAM group, the influence of socialist realism on East European countries, the unabled activities on the following three congresses and finaly the renewed participation at the last congress in Dubrovnik. While doing so it concentrates itself on four themes: regional planning, synthesis of the arts, historical centres and habitat which were all discussed at post-war CIAM.
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Large cities in the 19th and the 20th centuries - crossroads of transformations. Urbanistic strategies in the comparative perspective
Janata, Michal ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Klusáková, Luďa (referee)
The primary aim of this work is to formulate the question, whether one can assume that is possible from the concrete historical context of some European cities in 19th century and 20th century taking account of the cities from another cultural territories to deduce typology of policies of urban dynamics of the European large cities in the 19th century and 20th century. Despite of title this work don't keep to select large cities strictly only - London, Paris, Berlin, Vienna. The work begins in Introduction by delineating historic method and topic. Subject of this work can be resume like this: urbanisation as primary meaning of 19th century, chronotop of cities in the 19th century and emergence of urbanism and town planning, i. e. idea that cities require particular diagnostic tools and conceptual language, modernization and industrialization founding origins of industrial cities, the most important infrastructure networks - electricity and sewage -as multiple impacts on urban forms and practices, appeareance of cities in the 20th century and at long last postmodernist epilogue. The focal point of this work is comparison of four urban strategies: haussmannization of Paris, redevelopment of London, the road to Great Berlin a building of Ringstrasse in Vienna. In broad terms, urban theory constitutes a series...
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Large cities in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries - crossroads of transformation. Urbanistic strategies in comparative perspective
Janata, Michal ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Štaif, Jiří (referee)
This dissertation goes into tension which is pmi of every seat, i. e. follows rift between cultural and material memory on the one hand and vision and perspective on the other hand. The aspiration of this degree work is formulating question, whether one can assume that is possible from the concrete historical context of some European cities in 19th century and 20th century taking account of the cities from another cultural tenitories to deduce typology of policies of urban dynamics ofthe European lm·ge cities in the 19th century and 20th century . Subject ofthis work can be resume like this: urbanization as primary meaning of 19th century, chronotop of cities in the 19th century and emergence of urbanism and town planning, modemization and industrialization founding origins of industrial cities, electrification, sewerage, appem·eance of cities in the 20th centmy and at long last postmodemist epilogue. This thesis focuses attention on urban strat egy of four cities: Paris, London, Berlin and Vienna. Investigates the ways ofWestem ideas ofurban society. In compmison with city-planning in 19th century is that in 20th centmy more interdisciplinary as it is tumed out in book called Sodal Justice and the City by David Harvey. The penultimate chapter is concemed with change of conception ofmodem city in post-modem...
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The image of Japan in Czech society of second half of 19th century
Kvasnička, Jiří ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Kubiš, Karel (referee)
This master's thesis intends to capture the image of Japan in Czech society, which was formed in the second half of 19th century. Japan, a country previously almost unknown for European people, had transformed itself from a faraway, mysterious Far Eastem country into a world power during fifty years, which naturally resulted in change of its image in Europe. Reconstruction of historical image in certain society is dependent on sources, which had the greatest influence on view of the world of people of that time. fu this thesis, those sources are divided into two categories, "image-creating" and "image-forming". The first one is historical school textbooks of geography, which had the most significant impact on students' way of creating image of the world in their mind. fu the second category, there are newspapers, magazines, caricatures and encyc1opedias, which helped those student s form images in their adult !ife. In the first part of this thesis, I compare the image of Japan and that of China In order to highlight Japan's uniqueness and specificity, how much it was emancipated from traditional image of Asia, and how much the image was supported by facts. In the second part, I try to analyze four most important aspects of image of Japan in the Czech society at that time. First one is based on questions,...
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