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Spatial expressions as a indication of understanding of one's individuality
Kocourek, Vojtěch ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to contribute to a long-lasting debate between proponents of the collectivistic view and proponents of the individualistic view regarding the way in which the Japanese comprehend themselves by analyzing and contrasting language behavior of Japanese and Czech speakers, specifically willingness of the speakers of the two languages to adopt non- egocentric view when expressing spatial relations. The opening section of the thesis presents a brief introduction of the two discussed stands and the theory of language relativity which serves as a substantial part of the used methodology because it connects language and thinking. In the following section, the model experiment done by Imai et al. (1999) which examined the preferences in the use of spatial expressions among Japanese respondents, is summarized. The used variation of the experiment is explained, and the results are presented and interpreted in the given context. Keywords: Japanese language, spatial relations, collectivism, individualism, linguistic relativity
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Transitivity in Japanese and Ainu langauge
Chudá, Klára ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Sato, Tomomi (referee)
(in English): The aim of the present thesis is to present a structured survey of transitivity manifestation and contrast it in Japanese and Ainu languages. The introduction of the thesis presents a basic typological classification of the two languages. The first part focuses on the theoretical background adopted, such as the basic approach to transitivity, the construction grammar, the markedness hypothesis or the Ikegami's typology of languages. The second part of the thesis provides a structured description of the manifestation of transitivity in the two languages, focusing on derivation and changes in valency. The final part of the thesis provides a contrastive synthesis with reference to the markedness hypothesis and Ikegami's typology of languages. Key words: Japanese language, Ainu language, transitivity, contrastive study
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Orthographic variability of auxiliary nouns in contemporary Japanese
Knapp, Daniel ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with orthographical variability of Japanese auxiliary nouns. In the theoretical part, there is a definition of used terms and methods related to the following analytical section, where various ways of writing Japanese auxiliary nous in BCCWJ corpus subcorpora are compared. After analysis identifies subcorpora of interest, sentences containing auxiliary nouns in said subcorpora are checked for similarities in meaning. Keywords Japanese language, auxiliary nouns, orthography, way of writing, variability
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Prefixation in the Japanese language
Pelouch, David ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The thesis focuses on prefixation in the Japanese language. The first part presents a theoretical background to the composition of Japanese vocabulary, and the most common word-formation processes that occur in Japanese. The work focuses in particular on derivation, specifically prefixation. The second part of the thesis includes corpus research, based on which the selected prefixes are categorised into groups and individually described. The prefixes are categorised according to their frequency within the groups. Keywords: Japanese, wordformation, prefixation
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Text data mining as an viable method of Japanese studies
Štefková, Tereza ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Rosen, Alexandr (referee)
In this thesis we address the problem of possible utilization of text mining methods in the field of Japanese studies. We review the fundamental text mining approaches and their practical applications in the first part. Then we elaborate on the topic of preprocessing with special focus on techniques used for Japanese and English texts. In the main part of the thesis we apply text mining methods to three concrete research questions relevant in Japanese studies. The first research topic illustrates the technique of clustering applied to works written by two Japanese proletarian authors to reveal interesting topic patterns in their writings. The second topic makes use of the sentiment analysis with the aim of studying the extent of negative sentiment expressed in both foreign and Japanese newspaper articles that refer to Japanese officials' visits to Yasukuni shrine. Finally, we address methods of automatic summarization and their application to Japanese as well as English sample texts. The results obtained are discussed in detail with a special focus on the assessment of viability of the presented methods in Japanese studies.
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Study abroad and pragmatic competence - the case of speech act of refusal
Pastorová, Patricie ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Lutovská, Tereza (referee)
The present thesis explores the connection between study abroad and the development of pragmatic competence of second language (L2) students of Japanese with a focus on the speech act of refusal. The aim of this study is to compare these students based on their language proficiency and length of stay in Japan; to find out whether participation in extracurricular activities (such as having a part-time job, being part of a school club, etc.) is beneficial for the development of pragmatic competence; and finally to examine tendencies of speakers of the same first language. The theoretical part of the present thesis describes pragmatics, pragmatic competence, the speech act of refusal, the context of Japanese culture and the language socialisation perspective (especially study abroad context). The practical part of this study defines research questions and hypotheses, presents the process of obtaining data for original research (multiple-choice test) and compares and analyses the results obtained. In the final part, the obtained research results are summarised. key words: pragmatics, study abroad, second language learning, Japanese as a second language, language acquisition, pragmatic competence, speech act of refusal
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The pragmatic competency of students of Japanese - speech act of refusal
Nováková, Eliška ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
(in English): This thesis focuses on pragmatic competence of Czech students of Japanese, specifically on the speech act of refusal. The aim is to find out how students differ in comparison to native speakers of Japanese. Another aim is to compare Japanese students based on the length of their stay in Japan, their Japanese proficiency, and the textbook used at the beginner level. The theoretical part describes pragmatic competence, politeness theory, the speech act of refusal and its specifics in Japanese. The practical part focuses at the analysis of refusals from the Discourse Completion Task (DCT) using semantic formulas. Usage of these formulas by native speakers and student are then compared. Found differences from the native speakers are further examined among students according to Japanese proficiency, length of their stay in Japan and textbook used at the begginer level. Finally, the results are summarized.
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Function of Language in Cultural Identity Consolidation and Image Formation of Japanese--Nature Relationship
Kéryová, Barbora ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Labus, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the theme of nature as used in Japanese political discourse. The goal of this paper is to highlight the use of language by Japanese political elite of the governing Liberal-democratic party with the purpose of creating a certain image of the relationship between Japanese people and nature. At the same time, it aims to clarify the role of the language in cultural identity formation process. The objective is to identify and describe the language means of realisation that have a potential to fulfil this role in the analysed texts. The paper analyses three particular texts using a methodology of critical discourse analysis. It especially draws upon methodology of Ruth Wodak, who created categories of strategies used by political elites for national identity (trans)formation. Key Words: language and power, cultural identity, national identity, pragmatics, Japanese, nature, political discourse, critical discourse analysis
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Fictional worlds in Ero-Guro-Nansensu fiction by Edogawa Ranpo
Nováková, Adéla ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Kanasugi, Petra (referee)
Bachelor thesis Fictional worlds in Ero Guro Nansensu fiction by Edogawa Ranpo analyses four short stories and one novella by the writer Edogawa Ranpo. The thesis focuses on the description of fictional worlds that fall under the Japanese artistic genre called ero guro nansensu. The fictional worlds that emerge in the text are attempted to be described in this thesis and, finally, to define the common points that the short stories and the novella possess. The methodology of fiction theory is based primarily on Lubomír Doležel's Heterocosmica: Fictions and Possible Worlds.
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Expressing motion events in Czech and Japanese - comparative study
Lev, Tomáš ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Lutovská, Tereza (referee)
The thesis has two aims. The first aim is to find out how are motion events expressed in Czech and Japanese. The second aim is to observe how are the translators of literature between those two languages able to deal with the issues arising from the typological difference described by the linguist Leonard Talmy. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part I explain the typology of languages according to Leonard Talmy based on what information about movement is carried by the verb root and what is expressed on the adverbial development. Then I introduce several reactions to his theory and the development of the discourse surrounding it. The theoretical part is concluded with summary of the means of expression of motion events in Czech and Japanese themselves. In the practical part I conduct my own research by a corpus study of comparing the expression of motion events. The excerpt data consists of examples from three works of fiction in Czech and three works in Japanese and their translations. The analysis focuses on the means of expressing the manner and the direction of the movement. In the conclusion I sum up the results and compare the tendencies of the corpus data with Talmy's predictions. key words: motion event, motion verbs, verb semantic typology,...
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