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Preparedness of students for encountering the care for dying patients and death
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Inka
The thesis aims to map the current state of preparedness of students of non-physician medical disciplines for meeting with the care for dying patients and death. On the basis of the set objective the following hypotheses were formed: H1: At the chosen disciplines, the preparedness of the students for meeting with the care for dying patients and death differs. H2: With age of the students, the preparedness of the students for meeting with the care for dying patients and death differs. H3: With the length of the practice of the students, the preparedness of the students for meeting with the care for dying patients and death differs. H4: At undergraduate and postgraduate study of nurses, the preparedness of the students for meeting with the care for dying patients and death differs. H5: On the basis of previous experience with terminally ill patient, the preparedness of the students for meeting with the care for dying patients and death differs. In the empirical part of the thesis was used the method of quantitative research using survey which was distributed among the students of the chosen disciplines at Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The research connected with the thesis was realized within solution of the team grant project of Grant Agency of University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice - Utilization of Measuring Tools in Nursing (058/2018/S). The survey had two parts. Non-standardized part was focused on finding out of the basic identification data of respondents, information connected with approach and experience of the students with dying and with death not only of patients, with teaching of the palliative care within preparation of students at Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The second part of the survey was made up of standardized tool "Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale (FATCOD-B)" containing 42 questions. The gathered filled in surveys were after optical inspection entered into the program SASD. In it and also in the program SPSS were then conducted subsequent data analysis with utilization of the first and the second level of sorting. During the research it was confirmed that at the chosen disciplines, with age and with the length of practice the preparedness of students for meeting with the care for dying and death differs. On the contrary it was not confirmed that the preparedness of the students for meeting with the care for dying patients and death at undergraduate and postgraduate study of nurses and on the basis of previous experience with terminally ill patient would differ. The results of the research reveal weaknesses in the preparedness of the students for meeting with the care for dying patients and death especially in the area of practical application of obtained theoretical knowledge. The students in survey expressed that they are afraid, feel anxious and do not know how to communicate in caring for the dying and dead. To these and other problems we react in the thesis output in the form of the university subject that should help to improve their preparedness.
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Holistic Approach to Nursing Care for Patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Inka
This thesis aims to describe the holistic approach to nursing care of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Based on the established aim two research questions were formulated. First research question: What is the biopsychosocial care for patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis like? Second research question: What biopsychosocial needs do patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have? In the empirical part of the thesis the method of qualitative research using the in-depth interview, which was conducted with general nurses who have experience with taking care of patients with ALS was used. The interview has two parts. In the first part the basic identification data of the informants were found out. The second part was already the interview itself, which was divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the complex nursing care of patients with ALS. The second part finds out the needs of patients with ALS and how are they fulfilled. And the last, third part deals with suggestions of nurses how to improve the nursing care of patients with ALS. For each part the key points for conducting an interview were made up. If needed the informants were also asked complementary questions, which led to a deepening of the topic. The interviews were recorded using a Dictaphone. And subsequently they were converted to written form and processed using the open coding method using the "Pencil and Paper" technique. The results of the research are divided into two parts. The first part is made up of the basic identification data of the informants, the second part consists of three categories that describe detailed results. Category number one deals with the nursing care focused on physical interventions, which general nurses do with patients with ALS and it also deals with the biological needs of these patients and how are they satisfied by the nurses. Category number two describes nursing care with emphasis on the psychosocial aspect and psychosocial and spiritual needs of patients with ALS and their satisfaction by the nurses. Category number 3 offers recommendations for practice of general nurses within the nursing care of patients with ALS. On the basis of the gathered information it is possible to find out, how the holistic care of patients with ALS looks like, but also where are some shortcomings and space for improvement. The results of the research can be applied to practice with the purpose of improving the nursing care of patients with this severe neurological illness.
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