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Study on pretreatment and hydrolysis of selected lignocellulose materials
Kovářová, Markéta ; Dvořák, Miloš (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on study of chemical and enzymatical hydrolysis of raw wood material. The aim of this work was to find the suitable method for pretreatment of selected lignocellulose materials. The theoretical part deals with characterization of lignocellulosic material and its components. There are also subscribed various pretreatment methods and their effect on hydrolysis of sawdust. In experimental part of the work the most appropriate approach of pretreatment and hydrolysis of sawdust was studied. Criteria for the selection of suitable method was concentration of saccharides as desired product of hydrolysis and also concentration of the most important microbial inhibitors - polyphenols. Application of 96% ethanol or 5% H2O2 were identified as the most promising pretreatment methods which enhanced yields of fermentable sugars about 30 %. Further, we also performed cultivation of bacteria Burkholderia cepacia and bacteria Burkholderia sacchari using solution obtained by hydrolysis of lignocellulose material.
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Enzymatic hydrolysis of wastes associated with coffee production
Kovářová, Markéta ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on study of potential production of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes by microorganisms – bacterium and moulds, which have been cultivated on spent coffee grounds. The theoretical part deals with characterization of coffee and utilization of coffee by-products. There are also subscribed microorganisms and enzymes which have been noticed. In experimental part coffee ground was used as the sole substrate for production of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Productions of protease, cellulase, mannase and lipase enzymes were observed. None-identified isolate of mould spontaneously contaminating spent coffee grounds was identified as the best producer of these enzymes. Subsequently the conditions of cultivation such as water content and shaking vs. static cultivation of this moulds were optimized. Further, we performed partial purification and pre-concentration of the enzyme cocktail by ultrafiltration, ultradialysis and PAGE-SDS characterization of extracellular enzymes was performed as well.
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Modern non-substance addictions and their influence on juvenile education
Kovářová, Markéta ; Koťa, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Strouhal, Martin (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of non-substance addictions among juveniles. For understanding and better orientation in the issue, the terms of social pathology and other terms related to the topic of the work are explained in the theoretical part. The theoretical part mainly focuses on the addictive behavior of teenagers on the Internet and social networks. It examines the specific effects of this phenomenon in relation to adolescents and their upbringing. The work also deals with the possibilities of prevention and treatment. The practical part examines the influence and impact of the Internet and social networks on adolescents and their upbringing. The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the issue of non-substance addictions among adolescents and the influence on their education. A questionnaire survey was chosen as the research method. Keywords: netholism, non-substance addiction, prevention, education
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Porovnání zkrmování pšenic s různým obsahem flavonoidů a karotenoidů u laboratorních potkanů
Kovářová, Markéta
The effect of feeding wheat with various flavonoids and carotenoids was studied on rat blood parameters. The wheat RU 687-12 with purple pericarp, EF02-54/9 with blue aleuron and citrus wheat with yellow endosperm were used i the experiment. The wheat Novosibirskaya 67 was used as a control. Weight gains and feed consumption were monitored on 40 laboratory rats of the WISTAR strain. At the end of the experiment the rat blood was collected and biochemical parameters were determined in blood plasma. The rats fed with wheat from the Citrus group achieved significantly (P<0.05) highest increments whereas the lowest increments were achieved for rats fed with blue wheat mixture EF02-54/9. The biochemical parameters have shown significant differences between the groups (P <0.05). Significantly higher (P <0.05) values of AST, ALT, LD versus control were at the Citrus group and these values were in the range of the physiological limit. Rats from the Citrus and EF02-54/9 group had significantly lower (P <0.05) total protein values and higher albumin than the control group and the EF02-54/9 group. The Citrus and RU 687-12 rats groups showed a low content of the globulin fraction indicating a possible negative impact to the organism. The EF02-54/9 wheat-fed group had statistically lower (P <0.05) cholesterol content compared with the control group. In addition the blood parameters of rats did not show any potential negative effects to the liver.
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Chov koz zaměřený na produkci jatečných zvířat
Kovářová, Markéta
The bachelor thesis focuses on goat breeding and production of slaughter animals. The paper gives the characteristics of chosen meat and combined goat breeds which are kept both in the Czech Republic and throughout the world and are suitable for slaughter purposes. The next objective was to describe technological systems used in meat goat breeding. The paper discusses various types of housing and necessary requirements that have to be fulfilled. It describes proper herd management, which includes criteria for choosing breeding animals and goat reproduction. Although the mostly used technique is natural breeding, the thesis also describes insemination. Rut detection and pregnancy diagnosis are very important as well. Pregnancy resulting in birth is a very significant period in goat breeding. The thesis therefore provides a detailed description of birth and after birth treatment. The overview of goat reproduction techniques ends with kid rearing and fattening. The next part of the thesis deals with meat production and slaughter value, and describes composition and quality of goat and kid meat. Finally, the thesis concludes with an overview of the main issues the author of the paper intends to cover in the diploma thesis.
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Study on pretreatment and hydrolysis of selected lignocellulose materials
Kovářová, Markéta ; Dvořák, Miloš (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on study of chemical and enzymatical hydrolysis of raw wood material. The aim of this work was to find the suitable method for pretreatment of selected lignocellulose materials. The theoretical part deals with characterization of lignocellulosic material and its components. There are also subscribed various pretreatment methods and their effect on hydrolysis of sawdust. In experimental part of the work the most appropriate approach of pretreatment and hydrolysis of sawdust was studied. Criteria for the selection of suitable method was concentration of saccharides as desired product of hydrolysis and also concentration of the most important microbial inhibitors - polyphenols. Application of 96% ethanol or 5% H2O2 were identified as the most promising pretreatment methods which enhanced yields of fermentable sugars about 30 %. Further, we also performed cultivation of bacteria Burkholderia cepacia and bacteria Burkholderia sacchari using solution obtained by hydrolysis of lignocellulose material.
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Housing financing in the Czech Republic
Kovářová, Markéta ; Kopecká, Lenka (advisor) ; Jitka, Jitka (referee)
The thesis solves possibilities of housing finance. The economic needs are explained on the basis of professional literary sources. The thesis also characterizes housing policy of the European Union, housing policy of the Czech Republic and present situation of real estate market. The practical part is devoted to common method of housing finance. It is about housing financing through a mortgage loan and a building savings. The comparison of offer of mortgage loan and building savings is performed for fictitious client. The best loan is recommended to the client on the basis on the results. The last part of the thesis contains necessary documents. The client is obliged to provide these documents to the bank.
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Enzymatic hydrolysis of wastes associated with coffee production
Kovářová, Markéta ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on study of potential production of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes by microorganisms – bacterium and moulds, which have been cultivated on spent coffee grounds. The theoretical part deals with characterization of coffee and utilization of coffee by-products. There are also subscribed microorganisms and enzymes which have been noticed. In experimental part coffee ground was used as the sole substrate for production of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Productions of protease, cellulase, mannase and lipase enzymes were observed. None-identified isolate of mould spontaneously contaminating spent coffee grounds was identified as the best producer of these enzymes. Subsequently the conditions of cultivation such as water content and shaking vs. static cultivation of this moulds were optimized. Further, we performed partial purification and pre-concentration of the enzyme cocktail by ultrafiltration, ultradialysis and PAGE-SDS characterization of extracellular enzymes was performed as well.
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The role of Belgium in Rwanda from colonization to the Rwandan genocide
Kovářová, Markéta ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
The Rwandan genocide was prepared and executed on the basis of the ethnic affiliation. Ethnic division and increasing animosity had multiple causes and the colonizer's influence was often described as one of them. The bachelor thesis The role of Belgium in Rwanda from colonization to the Rwandan genocide studies how Belgium helped the intensification of hatred between Hutus and Tutsis and whether it contributed indirectly to the 1994 genocide.
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The use of neutrophils in cancer immunotherapy
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Markéta
The aim of this thesis was to investigate the possible role of neutrophil granulocytes in antitumor reactions. Most of our experiments were focused on in vitro studies assessing the cytotoxic effect of mouse neutrophils on B16-F10 melanoma cells labelled with PAMPs. We put an emphasis on activation and generating a prime state of neutrophils. Moreover, a release rate of enzyme myeloperoxidase from azurophil granules was detected as a marker of neutrophil degranulation. We also attempted to attract neutrophils into tumor microenvironment using thioglycolate medium and its main compound casein.
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