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New trends in cell and molecular biology of the head and neck cancer
Fík, Zdeněk ; Chovanec, Martin (advisor) ; Komínek, Pavel (referee) ; Ludvíková, Marie (referee)
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas are still challenging despite progress in the oncological treatment. Study of the molecular biology allows to deeply characterize tumor properties and to predict the prognosis for affected patients. Nowadays there are many drugs clinically tested in the group of targeted therapy medicine Experimental work comprised both in vitro and in situ assays, being performed thanks to the collaboration between a number of departments of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University in Prague, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Ludwig-Maxmillian University Munich. Galectin-1 is important inductor of the myofibroblasts/cancer associated fibroblasts. These fibroblasts are regarded as negative prognostic markers thanks to their capability of invasive cancer cells induction. On the other hand, Galectin-9 is not present in the carcinoma and in the case of dysplasia, its expression indicate aberrant features together with aberrant expression of keratin 14 and 19. Except from galectins using as prognostic markers, we focused on the galectins as a therapeutics instruments as well. Presented work with mutant variants of galectin-2 proved their effect on both pharmacodynamics and...
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New trends in cell and molecular biology of the head and neck cancer
Fík, Zdeněk ; Chovanec, Martin (advisor) ; Komínek, Pavel (referee) ; Ludvíková, Marie (referee)
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas are still challenging despite progress in the oncological treatment. Study of the molecular biology allows to deeply characterize tumor properties and to predict the prognosis for affected patients. Nowadays there are many drugs clinically tested in the group of targeted therapy medicine Experimental work comprised both in vitro and in situ assays, being performed thanks to the collaboration between a number of departments of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University in Prague, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Ludwig-Maxmillian University Munich. Galectin-1 is important inductor of the myofibroblasts/cancer associated fibroblasts. These fibroblasts are regarded as negative prognostic markers thanks to their capability of invasive cancer cells induction. On the other hand, Galectin-9 is not present in the carcinoma and in the case of dysplasia, its expression indicate aberrant features together with aberrant expression of keratin 14 and 19. Except from galectins using as prognostic markers, we focused on the galectins as a therapeutics instruments as well. Presented work with mutant variants of galectin-2 proved their effect on both pharmacodynamics and...
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Nasal obstruction. Objectification and the treatment options.
Zborayová, Katarína ; Hybášek, Ivan (advisor) ; Šlapák, Ivo (referee) ; Komínek, Pavel (referee)
Nasal obstruction is one of the most common problems the otorhinolaryngologist deals with at his office. Etiology of the nasal obstruction is various and determinates the treatment possibilities. Analysis of the factors influencing nasal patency is mentioned in the preliminary part of the work. The nasal obstruction is determined by statical and dynamical factors. The two factors can be differentiated by a decongestant test. The evaluation of the test by means of RMM and AR is presented in the clinical part of the work. Another aim of the study was to work out a standardised diagnostical protocol for patients with nasal obstruction. There are certains discrepancies within diagnostics as to which diagnostical method most accurately reflects the degree of nasal obstruction. What we found out in our study is, that subjective and objective measurements of the nasal patency and endoscopical findings do not always correlate. One of the reasons is that each of these methods is focusing on different aspects of the nasal airway. These are complementary methods, not supplying. The diagnostical logaritmus in patient with nasal obstruction consists of the assessment of patient's subjective perception of nasal patency (questionnaire), rhinoendoscopical examination, examination with AR, and active anterior RMM...
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