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Anomalies of air temperature in Czech Republic
Křížová, Milada
OF THE THESIS ŠANDOVÁ MILADA: THE AIR TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC This thesis presents the spatial distribution of air temperature anomalies in the Czech Republic for three climatological periods: 1851-1900, 1901-1950 and 1961-1990. Main stationary factors influencing climate in the Czech Republic are latitude, longitude and altitude. Therefore the temperature gradient, which was calculated by multidimensional linear stepwise regressions analysis, was expressed in a degree of latitude, longitude or hundred meters of altitude. The gradient was specified as monthly, seasonal and annual means of each period. The aim of the Mc. S. thesis was to determine areas with negative or positive anomaly and to explain the causes of the anomaly. For this purpose a method of deprivation of the stationary factors and their influences was developed. To avoid altitude influence, the monthly and annual temperature means were converted to sea level temperature. Afterwards, the gradients of average monthly and annual air temperature were used to avoid the latitude and longitude influence. The anomaly represents the deviation of the average value determined from values, which were deprived of geographical location. Resultant values were processed by Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation in the...
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Regularities of the distribution of rapid cooling events in Czechia and their causis
Čašek, Matěj ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Křížová, Milada (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of rapid day-to-day drops of air temperature. The research part of the thesis is focused on physical-geographical factors that affect the air temperature. Furthermore, the most common methods used to detect interdiurnal changes in air temperature are presented. Abrupt drops in air temperature were detected on the basis of the maximum and minimum daily air temperature at a total of 33 meteorological stations for the period from 1st January 1970 to 31st December 2019. The aim was to describe the regularities of the distribution of extreme drops in air temperature in both temperature characteristics, and to describe the influence of different physical-geographical conditions on the magnitude and seasonality of decline events. The thesis also describes the influence of the prevailing weather situation (according to HMÚ typing) on extreme decreases in both temperature characteristics. It was proved that the shape of the relief has a significant effect on the seasonality of decreases, especially the minimum air temperatures. Stations on convex relief are characterized by a more balanced distribution of these events during the year, while at stations on concave relief there are the largest decreases in the minimum air temperature, especially in winter. The influence...
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Recent changes of sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic
Kodetová, Tereza ; Pokorná, Lucie (advisor) ; Křížová, Milada (referee)
Sea surface temperatures (SST) have been changing in all world's oceans in the last decades; these changes have an impact on the continental climate. This bachelor thesis focuses on the recent changes of SST in the North Atlantic and their influence on the climate change in Europe. The first part of the thesis describes the physical-geographical characteristics of the North Atlantic. It consists of its divisions, bottom and coastal characteristics, spatial distributions of the water temperature and a water salinity. It also includes a description of the atmospheric circulation that occurs over the North Atlantic and the circulation inside of the North Atlantic. The second part of the bachelor thesis focuses on the SST and its measurement, Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and a long-term changes which occur, and furthermore on the impact of these changes on the climate change in Europe. The results of the studies have shown that the biggest impact of SST changes in the North Atlantic is visible during summer months. These are the times of the greatest anomalies in the temperatures and precipitation, either on the positive or negative scale, depending on the phase of AMO or North Atlantic Oscillation. Key words: air temperature, Europe, Noth Atlantic, precipitation, sea surface temperature
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Abrupt day-to-day drops in air temperature and their seasonal distribution
Čašek, Matěj ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Křížová, Milada (referee)
The submitted thesis is focused on abrupt day-to-day air temperature drops. The theoretical part describes the meteorological and physical-geographical factors which influence air temperature. Abrupt air temperature drops were ascertained by daily data of maximum, minimum and mean air temperature in order to detect their potentional varying seasonalities. In thesis were used data from Praha-Ruzyně station between 1st January and 31st December. The results indicate that the interdiurnal air temperature drops vary in each temperature characteristics. While daily maximum air temperatures exhibit the greatest rates of decrease in summer months (July - August), the greatest drops of daily minimum air temperatures occur exclusively in December and January. Significant abnormality was ascertained during abrupt cooling at the turn of the years 1978 and 1979, when abrupt temperature drop was detect in both maximum and minimum air temperature. The seasonality of interdiurnal mean air temperature drops exhibit changes of both daily maximum and minimum air temperature. In thesis is also discussed the unsuitability of specification of intrdiurnal air tepmerature changes based on daily mean air temperature. Key words: temperature drop, cold front, radiation cooling, interdiurnal change
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Anomalies of air temperature in Czech Republic
Křížová, Milada
OF THE THESIS ŠANDOVÁ MILADA: THE AIR TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC This thesis presents the spatial distribution of air temperature anomalies in the Czech Republic for three climatological periods: 1851-1900, 1901-1950 and 1961-1990. Main stationary factors influencing climate in the Czech Republic are latitude, longitude and altitude. Therefore the temperature gradient, which was calculated by multidimensional linear stepwise regressions analysis, was expressed in a degree of latitude, longitude or hundred meters of altitude. The gradient was specified as monthly, seasonal and annual means of each period. The aim of the Mc. S. thesis was to determine areas with negative or positive anomaly and to explain the causes of the anomaly. For this purpose a method of deprivation of the stationary factors and their influences was developed. To avoid altitude influence, the monthly and annual temperature means were converted to sea level temperature. Afterwards, the gradients of average monthly and annual air temperature were used to avoid the latitude and longitude influence. The anomaly represents the deviation of the average value determined from values, which were deprived of geographical location. Resultant values were processed by Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation in the...
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Asymmetry of interdiurnal air temperature change distributions and their relationships to meterological conditions
Piskala, Vladimír ; Huth, Radan (advisor) ; Křížová, Milada (referee)
Submitted bachelor thesis is focused on interdiurnal air temperature changes in connection with atmospheric fronts. The changes are counted for summer period (June - August) and winter period (December - February) between 1961 - 1998. There were used data of average air temperature from Praha Karlov and data of moving fronts from Praha Ruzyně. The results say that the statistical distribution of day-to-day air temperature aren't the same. The asymmetry are explained by different meteorological condition for both periods. Statistical distribution fronts aren't normal too, it can be explained by character and shape of individual front types. It is discussed role of time of observation individual fronts for counting day-to- day temperature changes in thesis too. Key words: air temperature, day-to-day changes, statistical distribution, atmospheric fronts, air masses
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