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Heart transplantation in the Czech republic by economic view: international comparison
Havlíková, Marie ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
In my bachelor thesis, I primarily focus on the economy of heart transplantation. At first there is an important topic of health economy and its specific features. Then I go deeper in the topic and mention the economy of transplantation, supply and demand of organs and define donors and the recipients of organs. I also describe the legal system of transplantation and organ donation and mention the history of heart transplantations (HTX). The second part of my thesis is concerned with the situation of heart transplantations in the USA. I compare how the situation about HTX changed there during the last decades and how is it with the costs and payments. Finally, the third part of my thesis deals with the heart transplantations in the Czech Republic and another six European countries. Using the econometric model, I try to estimate the average waiting period for heart transplantation and its determinants.
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HODNOTA STATICTICKÉHO ŽIVOTA NA ČESKÉM TRHU PRÁCE
Albrechtová, Aneta ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This thesis calculates the value of statistical life (VSL) in the Czech Republic based on estimation of fatal risk computed across occupation within industries. Using the regression analysis, I estimate the impact of the fatal risk on wage. From this I calculate the VSL using the hedonic wage model. I use randomized wage data sample with 150 000 observations from the year 2013 combined with injury data from the years 2013-2015. Based on this data I estimated the VSL to be in a range between 6 965 277CZK (260 092EURO) and 37 355 674CZK (1. 394mil.EURO) based on statistically significant estimates of fatal risk. Furthermore, I estimate my model of fatal risk calculated across industries to compare the impact of the level of risk in the computation. This regression indicates that estimates based on risk in industries are overestimated. My results show that the method of risk computation is a key factor affecting the VSL.
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Czech-German Economic Ties: The Relevance of the Neofunctionalist Approach in the Contemporary Socio-Economic Context
Janíčko, Martin ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Zemplinerová, Alena (referee)
The thesis was most importantly concerned with the intensity of economic ties between the Czech Republic and Germany from 2004 enlargement, using neofunctionalist approach framework as a theoretical background. Two main hypotheses have been tested and the effects of financial and economic crisis have been also taken into account. We can affirm, based on the observed data and analysis made, that the intensity of economic ties has grown substantially since 2004 as well as the synchronization of the business cycles. Much of these effects could be attributed to the practical working of neofunctionalist premises. This is demonstrated by the fact the EU integration leads to a more significant interconnection in many spheres of economic activity that in turn affect the whole economic development and determination. Economic reciprocity has in general strengthened the political one, which is now being perceived on quite many political levels. However, more or less exogenous effects of the financial and economic crisis of 2008 and 2009 have led to a relatively visible slowdown in further integration and interconnection. From this reason, we can ask ourselves a pertinent question to what extent the integration is about to continue and what will be its impact on political relations of both countries in the...
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Czech-German Economic Ties after the 2004 EU Enlargement: A Neofunctionalist Perspective
Janíčko, Martin ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Petříček, Tomáš (referee)
The submitted diploma thesis deals with the issue of the Czech-German economic relations after the 2004 enlargement of the European Union. Economic relations are in more detail divided into the trade relations and the investment (financial) relations. The main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the hypothesis that the so called "Eastern Enlargement" has led to somewhat intensified determination of the economic development in the Czech Republic by the one in Germany. The pivotal transmission mechanism in this process should have been positive spill-over effects that might have been in effect even before the very accession of the European Union by the Czech Republic. Such spill-over effects, that to an extent allowed for more significant determination of the Czech business cycle by the German one, may take form of e.g. common European Union trade framework, deregulation of capital flows, and/or perspective of the future development of the Czech economy within the European Union.
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Empirical verification of short-run aggregate supply based on Lucas model and new Keynesian theory
Marošová, Ivana ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
The aim of the master thesis is to empirically analyze if there is a support for new classics or new Keynesians as a dominant theory of short-run aggregate supply curve. The analysis is based on dynamic panel data model for 38 countries and period between 1970 and 2014. Because the results show some evidence on negative significance of level of inflation in contrast with its variability, I conclude that there is support for the new Keynesian theory. I focus on examination of the panel data assumptions such as the stationarity of explanatory variables, existence of the individual or random effects, validity of homogeneity of slope coefficients and mainly the cross-sectional dependence of error terms. After testing for these assumptions, I choose the most suitable method of estimation for dynamic panel data models. I use these methods for analyzing both linear and non-linear specification of the given model. As a result, we can see that the selection of right estimation method plays a great role in final outcomes. I also check model robustness by including changes of real oil price as a proxy variable for the supply shock in the economy.
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The Determinants of Software Piracy in European Countries
Kozlova, Alina ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This thesis's main focus is to test the influence of selected growth factors on the rate of software piracy in 25 European countries. The model uses the following determinants: GDP per capita, the Gini coefficient, GNI per capita, gross domestic spending on research and development, the share of labor force with tertiary education, index of economic freedom, intellectual protection rights index and internet coverage. Based on data for the years 2007 - 2011 I present 5 econometric models, which are estimated with the help of a panel regression. It turns out that economic factors such as GDP and GNI per capita, have a negative impact on the piracy rate and annual growth of internet users supports increasing level of piracy. The other determinants do not significantly affect the piracy of software, but the negative direction of the growth of the workforce educational level on piracy was confirmed.
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Optimal Alcohol Taxation in the Czech Republic according to the Laffer Curve Theory
Šebestová, Tereza ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the relationship of excise duties on spirits and beer and its revenues in the Czech Republic from 1994 to 2014 according to the Laffer Curve theory and tries to find the optimal tax point using the regression analysis. Optimal taxation is defined in order to be revenue-maximising. According to this requirement I defined the optimal taxation on spirits at the rate 17 035 CZK/hl/pure alcohol and the optimal taxation on beer at the rate cca 27/CZK/degree Plato. Both of these rates lie on the left side of the current taxation and therefore I claim that the tax burden is too high and its decline would brings the state higher revenues.
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Determinanty přímých čínských investic do zemí střední a východní Evropy
Belvončíková, Barbora ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Rod, Aleš (referee)
Chinese outward direct investment is surging and is unique in the sense that its development is much faster than of any other developing country. This thesis investigates the determinants of Chinese outward direct investment (ODI) in eight countries of Central and Eastern Europe throughout the years 2003-2014. Using panel data analysis, the regression model incorporates both traditional macroeconomic variables as well as institutional variables, testing thereby what are Chinese ODI driven by in those post-communist countries. The quality of institutional framework is represented by EBRD indicators, which seem to be more suitable for transition economies. Findings suggest that Chinese MNEs do not access Central and Eastern European countries primarily for market-seeking reasons, however the fact of being a member of the EU boosts Chinese ODI, since entering a member state market grants at the same time access to the whole EU common market and this fact is decisive for China. Also, R&D capacities play an important role in attracting Chinese ODI. On the other hand, Chinese ODI seem not to be associated with a good institutional environment of a host country, only large-scale privatization index is found significant and positively correlated with Chinese ODI inflow. Therefore, the findings of this thesis lead to the conclusion that macroeconomic factors are still more influential than the institutional ones when studying Chinese outward direct investment in Central and Eastern Europe.
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Maturity mismatching and its impact on the yield curve
Němec, Petr ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with a new discord in the Austrian economic theory about the effects of maturity mismatching practiced by banks on the shape of the yield curve and defines the not yet established concept of the natural yield curve. The conflicting contributions of Austrian authors are compared for that purpose. Based on this comparison, a coherent theory of the effects of maturity mismatching is presented in a framework of the loanable funds market. A definition of the natural yield curve is then produced by a synthesis of the above-mentioned findings and the Austrian theory of the natural rate of interest. Theoretical research leads to the conclusion that one form of maturity mismatching inevitably results in an Austrian business cycle. The empirical section examines the question of yield curve´s behavior under the influence of maturity mismatching. An explanation concerning the selected hypotheses and their lack of confirmation is given.
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