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Les Salons: Denis Diderot's art criticism
Kavalová, Eva ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
This work focuses on analysis of Denis Diderot's Salons, the comparison of their individual parts and their development. These writings are still very important for understanding the art of the 18th century. Moreover, they are also examples of a distinctive contribution of Diderot as critic combining aesthetic, ethical and philosophical scales. The work pays attention to the conditions of genesis of Salons, but mainly deals with literary criticism as a genre that the philosopher created and continually improved over the years. An important part is the analysis of author's way of discourse about individual painters (specifically Greuze, Chardin and Fragonard) and how it is often changing over time.
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Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau: Les Pléiades
Čermák, Břetislav ; Pohorský, Aleš (advisor) ; Jamek, Václav (referee)
This thesis is devoted to the most important prosaic work of J.-A. Gobineau, the novel Sons of Kings. Its aim is to give a detailed description of the eponymous characters which the author considers to be the elite of mankind. The thesis is divided into three parts: each chapter regards the exceptional nature of the sons of kings from different points of view. By paying attention to individual levels in the piece we are trying to define the common basis of the exceptionality of the sons of kings. The first chapter treats the racial theories of Gobineau. The novel is put into context with one other piece by the same writer, An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races. We illustrate that on the racial level the exceptionality of the sons of kings is due to certain inborn capabilities that are shared by all descendants of Germanic kings; at the same time we clarify the relationship between the notions of nobility and race. The second chapter discusses the relationship between the individual and society. Special attention is paid to the influence of environment on the intellectual and emotional evolution of mankind. We also focus on the question of confronting the alternative as a means of self-discovery. The specific quality of the sons of kings lies in their freedom of judgment, which allows them to stand...
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Renaissance pedagogical conceptions in the work of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne
Kasperová, Nikola ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
The bachelor thesis Renaissance pedagogical conceptions in the work of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne is dedicated to pedagogical ideas in the works of two significant French writers of the 16th century - François Rabelais, from his work is specifically analysed the novel Gargantua and Pantagurel, and Michel de Montaigne, from his work are analysed The Essays. The period of the medieval scholasticism as an educational method is characterised in the beginning of the bachelor thesis. Its critical picture in analysed works is described in individual analysis of the pedagogical ideas of both mentioned authors. Moreover, the pedagogical conceptions of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne that we can consider as conceptions of the Renaissance are primarily analysed. In conclusion both analysed authors are compared and main common and different points of their pedagogical conceptions are described.
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Relation of French literature critique to author's biography
Trachtová, Anna ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
Položme si otázku vztahu autorské biografie a díla. Co způsobuje znalost či neznalost autorova životopisu při četbě jeho děl? Do jaké míry ovlivňují životopisná fakta interpretaci díla? Pozměňují ji kvalitativně? Umožňují nám tato fakta hlubší pochopení samotného díla, nebo od něj naopak pouze odvádějí pozornost? V různých obdobích literární kritiky byla tato problematika nazírána jinak. A leckdy je odlišnost přístupů jednotlivých kritiků a škol zásadní. Při rozboru literárních děl se pozornost pohybovala od jednoho k druhému extrému osy autor - dílo. V jistých obdobích literární kritiky se striktně vycházelo ze životopisu autora a jeho osobnosti, zásadní význam byl připisován okolnostem vzniku díla, společenské situaci a historicky daným skutečnostem. Jindy se od postavy autora zcela odhlíželo, tato fakta byla nazývána biografickým klamem, souvztažnosti mezi dílem a autorovými životními zkušenostmi byly zcela opomíjeny a pozornost byla zaměřena pouze na samotný, izolovaný text, přičemž biografické studium bylo považováno za faktografický pozůstatek pozitivismu a jeho přístupu k umění. V posledních letech upíná literární teorie svou pozornost stále častěji ke čtenáři a čtenářské kompetenci. Rovněž v literární kritice hraje svou významnou roli pro nazírání na jednotlivé texty rozšíření osy autor - dílo na...
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Search of happiness in Voltaire's novels
Pokšteflová, Marie ; Pohorský, Aleš (advisor) ; Jamek, Václav (referee)
My diploma thesis called Search of happiness in Voltaire's novels aims to analyse the theme of happiness in prose works Micromegas, L'Ingénu, Zadig and Candide. The analysis is preceded by an introduction showing the evolution of the theme of happiness through different historical periods. This theoretical part is also followed by a definition of philosophical novel as a typical Voltaire's way of expressing his philosophical thoughts. The analysis itself underlines common points of view found in the novels which all describe a world full of evil, disasters and misfortune. Good and honest heroes enter into this bad world and they struggle to find their place in the sun. Their nice personalities present a big contrast to the merciless world which surrounds them. The analysed examples from novels highlight major problems in Voltaire's time but a lot of parallels are found in today's world. I systematically pay attention to these parallels throughout the diploma. The analysis leads to the description of incorrigibly bad world, where only small islands of happiness can be found represented by friendship and love. We can only deal with such a life thanks to a meaningful activity which can make it bearable. The philosopher's approach to the theme which still captures people's attention is evaluated in the...
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Author's posture of Houellebecq
Fernandez de Jesus, Eva ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Jamek, Václav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the characteristic of the author's posture of Michel Houllebecq, a contemporary French author. The theoretical part of the thesis outlines the development of the author's concept during the 20th century and characterizes the author's posture in views of the Swiss literature critic Jérôme Meizoz, whose studies the thesis is based on. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to Michel Houllebecq's life and his present literature career. It gradually introduces his works together with receptions they received by the public. The description of the author's image follows. The final part comprises of the analysis of Houllebecq's work discursive ethos, which is the analysis of the author's poetics and style. The influence of those personalities who most affected author's style and his artistic pose as a whole is also emphasized. The thesis is complemented with a complete list of works by Michel Houllebecq and an illustrative photographic annex.
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From the sensual experience to the transcendental one in the selected works by: A. Gide and J.M.G. Le Clézio
Vrchovecká, Jana ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
Jana Vrchovecká: From the sensual experience to the transcendental one The tradition of sensualism or vitalism is rarely represented in the French literature. During the twentieth century several authors tried to revive this tendency. The first apologist was André Gide, whose work Les Nourritures terrestres (1893) was considered as a doctrine of the sensual attitude, and for its spiritual overlap it was even called The New evangel. The deification of the material aspect of the reality becomes the link with the last holder of the Nobel Literature Prize: Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio. In his early essay: L'Extase matérielle (1968) he also exalts the sensual experience as the base of the transcendental one. The first part of the work compares the authors' sensual attitude in the mentioned works by the analyse of the particular senses. The synchronic participation of all them should provoke the second state of consciousness whose first grade is the ecstasy and the most desired one is the prophetic mind. The second part analyses the factors that contribute to this double objective. The necessary condition is the anchoring in the present moment. Both the authors worship the cult of the Sun which substitutes the traditional notion of the God. However, the individual must also cut out the bonds that impede...
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Jewish Condition as Image of Marginalization
Pavlíková, Kristina ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
The theme of this bachelor thesis is the life and literary work of Jacques de Lacretelle, a French literature figure of the 20th century. Its aim is to expound his extensive work which is nowadays almost forgotten. The thesis focuses mainly on Lacretelle's vision of the Jews as described in his two novels- Silbermann and The return of Silbermann. Based on the detailed analysis the thesis tries to understand the reasons of choosing the Jewish motif for Lacretelle's work and personal connotations in it. Lacretelle's life and work is studied in comparison with a Czech author called Ladislav Fuks. We shortly introduce this writer, main events of his life connected with his literary work and his unique style of writing based on the method of substitute literary themes. This approach is subsequently applied on Lacretelle's writings and gives us a new point of view of them. Also we try to compare the series about Silbermann with Fuks's short-story anthology called Mí černovlasí bratři. At the end we draw a comparison between Lacretelle and Fuks and try to discover resemblances in their lives and works. This enables to understand their motives to choose the Jews as the main characters of their writings, probably connected mainly to their feeling of non-acceptance caused by their homosexuality. Powered by...
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Character of Claudine in comparison with other characters in Colette's work
Dvořáková, Ivana ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
This Bachelor Thesis aims to compare the character of Claudine with later characters of Colette's work. Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette is one of the most important literary figures of the first half of the twentieth century, and although she is not the usual subject of studies in the Czech Republic, in her country of origin, she still has many supporters. The first part of this work puts briefly Colette into the context of contemporary women's literature, and pursue her biography with an emphasis on people and circumstances that influenced her life and work. The second part of the work progressively analyses and compares selected literature characters and also identifies Colette's autobiographical projections. In conclusion this work creates a global comparison and defines the nature of those projections.
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