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American economic aid in the postwar recovery of Czechoslovakia (1944-1948)
Frydryšková, Jana ; Nálevka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
válka s Německem skončila nepodmínečnou kapitulací v květnu 1945, konec druhé světové války se datuj e 2. září kdy kapitulovalo Japonsko. Byla to do té doby nejděsivější a neniči věj ší válkou v děj inách lidstva. Zúčastnilo se jí 61 států, které představovaly přibližně 80 % obyvatelstva světa, a probíhala na území 40 států a téměř na všech mořích. Do armády bylo zmobilizováno okolo 110 miliónů osob a ještě ve větší míře než v letech 1914 -1918 šlo o střetnutí dvou gigantických ekonomických potenciálů s dosud nevídaným nasazením vojenské techniky. Proti Japonsku pak byla použita poprvé jako zbraň atomová bomba. Odhady celkové výše vojenských nákladů a škod se pohybují mezi 3000 - 5000 miliardami předválečných dolarů. 1 Nikdo se už nedozví, nakolik si tento krvavý konflikt národů celého světa vyžádal obětí. Některé střízlivější údaje hovoří o, že na frontě a mimo ní důsledkem války zahynulo 38 miliónů lidí, jiné údaje hovoří o 50 miliónech. 2 Následky války byly v různých částech světa odlišné. Hlavní boje probíhaly v Evropě. Zde bylo válčení a zabíjení nejintenzivnější. Na konci války byly vyhlídky Evropy dost neutěšené. Největšími, jak lidskými, tak materiálními, ztrátami byly postiženy Sovětský svaz, Polsko, Jugoslávie, Řecko, Německo, Itálie, Francie, Československo. Nejen tyto, ale i jiné země ležely na...
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Economic crisis in 1929-1934 and its impact on the Jablonec glass industry with special reference to Železný Brod region
Bursová, Veronika ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Bareš, Jiří (referee)
A B S T R A C T This thesis analyzes the impact of the economic crisis in 1929-1934 on the Jablonec glass making with main attention to the district Železný Brod. One of the main causes of decline of the Czechoslovak glass industry in the first half of the 30s of 20th century was formed by pro-export focus. The region of Železný Brod and Jablonec nad Nisou had represented sites with major export, production and refining of glass that were for this reason by the economic crisis strongly affected. Deteriorating economic conditions at the beginning of 30s have resulted in intensified state intervention in industry, including the glass manufacturing as one of the most affected industrial areas. Because mostly cartels had regulatory function in the industry, a number of agreements among the glass producers in Jablonec nad Nisou and Železný Brod area were concluded. This thesis considers with different types of production and refining of the glass in order to offer the complete overview over the glass production in districts Jalonec nad Nisou and Železný Brod. The second part puts also emphasis on the social status of domestic craftsmen considering their relations with employers, which determined in times of economic crisis the legislation enacted after establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic, in the 20s and...
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The Prague and it's logistic support. Transformation of the city and it's technical networks in the years 1913-1952.
Drnek, Kryštof ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Hájek, Jan (referee)
Kryštof Drnek The City of Prague and it's logistic support. Transformation of the city and it's technical networks in the years 1913-1952 Abstract The Prague's evolution into capitol of the new republic is divided into three stages, split by two wars. The progress of the city begun deep in the era of the Austria-Hungary imperium - in the middle of the 19th century, when the new town council was elected from czech townsman upper classes. It led into the process started with series of construction and administration projects. The city was upgraded with new bridges, railwaystations. On the place of the fortified walls, which were cancelled in the year 1866, shortly after Prussian- Austrian war, was quickly built piles of houses that bound inner Prague with it's suburbs. The administration were trying to connect the Prague's suburbs with the inner city but only few of them this procesess accepted. The foursome of the inner satellites (Žižkov, Karlín, Královské Vinohrady and Smíchov1) this projects declined and until the World War I remained on their own. Building of the logistic sites city underwent from the middle of the 19th century. First two logistic sites, the water supply system and the sewer system, were ancient systems supplying the city from the Middle Age. As the city was growing, the systems weren't...
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Chomutov 1945-48
Šulka, Petr ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
Bachelor's thesis "Chomutov 1945-1948" deals with post Second World War events in Chomutov and its outskirts with an emphasis on everyday life and the resettlement of this area after expulsion of the ethnic Germans. The thesis is based primarily on printed, archival and Internet resources but as key information sources are used narrative of direct participants in these events and their memories and testimonies. In the introduction, the work attempts to outline the coexistence of the Czech minority in the pre-war period, briefly events in 1938, and life in the Third Reich to its collapse and reconnection of Chomutov to the Czechoslovak republic. In another part of the work the author is concerned with the deportation and persecution of the German population and its relations with the newcomers. The central part of the work is trying to outline the life of immigrants in this period. Using eyewitness accounts, it was possible to map the daily life of settlers and their problems, such as everyday supply problems, health care, education and childhood in this region. There is also mention about regional culture, sports and political situation. The work presents the development of a society that arose often in great pain; the society with many people coming from completely different and opposing cultures. The work...
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The development of Čedok in interwar period
Hais, Josef ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Štemberk, Jan (referee)
Čedok was established on 21st July 1920. Czechoslovak travel and transport agency was founded by the Headquarters of municipal foreigners' alliances in Prague and Bohemia bank. Čedok originated with a support of the Ministry of Railways and Ministry of Trade. The equity capital of Čedok in 1920 was 2515000 CZK. Each founding member of Čedok brought certain financial source to the company. In the ca se of the bank Bohemia it was 1 000 000 CZK and the property investment was 500 000 Kč. The above mentioned property investment included offices equipment in Prague, Brno, Bratislava and contracts with transoceanic offices like Compagnie General Transat1antique, Holland America Line a Triester Looyd. The headquarter brought in Čedok financial deposit of 15 000 CZK. The property investment of the headquarters was 1 000 000 CZK. It included offices equipment of the travel agencies in Praha, Brno, Karlovy Vary, Mariánské Lázně, but mainly a contract with the Ministry of Railways about ticket selling outside of railway cash desks of Czechoslovak Railways. The contract was signed on 10th October 1920. The contract permited Čedok to sell travel tickets of Czechoslovak Railways outside station booking-offices. Čedok worked as a travel agency offering all kinds of services. It was to promote Czechoslovakia in all media,...
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The Development of new traffic vehicles in Prague public transport (1918-1939):realised and unrealised projects
Vávra, Radek ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Štemberk, Jan (referee)
Main subject of the thesis is the history of public transport in Prague from 1918 to 1939 with focus on new means of public transport, with information divided into realized (buses and trolley buses) and unrealized projects (the underground). The thesis aims to broaden the current knowledge of inception and development of new means of transport and evaluate their measure of success. The introductory chapter summarizes the preceding development in public transport of Prague. The next is concerned with trams, the most common public transport vehicles of the era. The key part of the thesis consists of chapters focused on buses, trolley buses and proposed underground system. Those chapters deal with the circumstances of the conception of the projects, the causes that led to the projects being realized (or not), and subsequent development and success of those projects based among other sources on statistic data. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The National Theatre in Prague during the Nazi Occupation: The Foremost Theatre Scene between Oppression and Resistance. (A Historical-sociological Analysis)
Prázný, Rudolf ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
The National Theatre in Prague during the Nazi Occupation: The Foremost Theatre Scene between Oppression and Resistance. (A Historical-sociological Analysis) ABSTRACT The submitted dissertation, based on historical-sociological analysis, describes and explains the status, reaction and functionality of the National Theatre in Prague during the hardest times of our modern history - the occupation of the Czech lands by Nazi Germany, the so-called Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939-1945), the era when the National Theatre, as the top cultural institution, consolidated its artistry, its permanent values and interpretation efforts of its ensemble to defend the right of our society to preserve its own culture, its own existence. The principal objective of this work is to analyze methods and techniques by means of which the National Theatre in Prague, in line with its audience, steadily faced critical situations caused by the Nazi occupation. Among key factors in this process were the acts of Czech theatre performers proving their bravery as they put their work careers and even their own lives at risk to help guide our nation towards awareness and determination not to relinquish the nation's sovereignty. The Nazis viewed the National Theatre in Prague as a potential instrument for fulfilling their plans...
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Plantation guild in Louny (1885-1948) as an example of development of the Czech civil class
Kučera, Petr ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
This text deals with the history of one of many affinity groups originating in Louny in the second half of the 19th century - the Plantation Guild in Louny. The activity of the Plantation Guild in Louny (1885 - 1948) comprised setting of trees in the town streets and planting of parks in the neighbourhood of the town. Both the activity and the members of this guild are interesting. Till the beginning of the First World War there were many people, who had a considerable influence on the life in the town, in the guild. These people of middle class worked as lawyers, pharmacists, clerks, tradesmen etc. and despite their origin, they achieved participation on the political power and in such smaller towns as Louny these people gained all top positions in the corporation in the second half of the 19th century.
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The developement of urban build-up area and urban infrastructure in Benešov in the years 1918-1939
Roubík, Michal ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Sejk, Michal (referee)
In my diploma thesis "The Development of Urban Build-up Area and Urban Infrastructure in Benešov in the Years 1918 - 1939", I explore one chapter in the development of a small agricultural town during the era of the First Czechoslovak Republic. This thesis is a contribution to the history of Czech towns during the interwar period and its topic corresponds to the research project of the Institute of Economic and Social History at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, within the frame of which I worked on this thesis. The thesis was written mainly based on research of the resources in the State District Archives in Benešov (a branch office of the State Regional Archives in Prague) and of a wide range of relevant specialized literature. The introduction consists of a chapter offering a complex summary of the most important moments and changes in the development of Benešov during the examined period. Apart from the history of Benešov, it also shows the role of the town in the region and the relation of its development to other municipalities in the country. The focal point of the thesis lays in the extensive yet lucid chapters examining architectural development of the town (the essential moments, context, but also particular interesting buildings) and the development of its infrastructure...
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Political and economical development of selected COMECON countries in the seventies and eighties
Szobi, Pavel ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon) was an organization which was founded much more because of political than economic reasons. During the first years of its existence it was a soviet power instrument to control the economics of the Eastern Europe and later it became a middle o so called socialist economic integration. The most important part in it played the German Democratic Republic and Czechoslovakia, countries with the best developed industry in the soviet bloc. Their economies supported less developed allied countries and lastly also the Third world countries which assumed the idea of communism. Often comparisons of the Comecon to the West European integration caused that the Eastern bloc tried to establish cooperation with the European Economic Community and to imitate its success. But an analysis has shown the pointlessness of these attempts. The Eastern bloc wasn't able to reform its institution for an economic integration and the downfall of totalitarian regimes automatically leaded to the Comecon decline.
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