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The Role of Regions in the Political System of the Czech Republic
Janková, Věra ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Lebeda, Tomáš (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to analyse development of regions in the Czech republic as higher territorial administrative units. The analysis refers to the attitudes of the relevant political parties for their creation, the government's attitude towards the reform of public administration, which led to the creation of higher territorial administration units, i.e. counties, and last but not least author intends to compare the most important draft laws concerning the creation VÚSC. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The impact of Belgian decentralization process on the status and powers of Walloon municipalities
Lažová, Magdalena ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Říchová, Blanka (referee)
L'objectif de la thse "L'influence de l'impact de la décentralisation belge sur le statut et les pouvoirs des communes wallonnes" est de présenter la politique locale la Région wallonne et souligner la nature de changement sous l'influence du processus de décentralisation. Elle suit le développement de la législation concerneé aux niveaux central et régional au cours de la transformation de la structure de l'Etat unitaire en fédération. La thse représente des unité fédérales et l`Union des villes et communes de Wallonie qui tant que leur représentant devrait faire les pas promouvoir leurs intérts. Ensuite, le document présente les autorités municipales et les aspects importants touchant l'influence de la communauté - son financement, la supervision ou bien la tutelle de l'exécution de la décision municipale, les facons de la coopration des communes et le secteur privé. et des modes de prestation de services. L` analyse de la composition actuelle du Parlement wallon était fait en vue d'identifier la cohérence personnelle entre les politiques communautaire et régionales. La thse ensuite présente un questionnaire lancé pour recevoir les commentaires de leurs propres dirigeants politiques locaux. Ce travail pose la question si les pouvoirs des municipalités en raison du processus de décentralisation ont changé...
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The specific status of the Western Cape from the aspect of local politics: disputes over determination of powers of local authorities in Cape Town
Chrástková, Zuzana ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (referee)
The thesis addresses the municipal system in South Africa which has gradually evolved as a result of decentralising process in the 1990s and it compares it with the role of municipalities in earlier decades. The current as well as the previous South African political systems are analysed from the point of view of decentralisation and federalism and, at the same time, the present-day position of provinces within the system is also discussed. The aim is to evaluate the scope of decentralisation in South Africa and to validate or falsify the hypothesis on the structural connection between the decentralisation process on one side and the conflict between two sub-state actors in Western Cape (provincial government and the metropolitan municipality of Cape Town) on the other side and, subsequently, to attempt to classify the South African municipal system on the basis of analysed data.
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The Fragmented Municipal Structure of the Czech Republic and Its Political Aspects
Vaňous, Jaroslav ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Čmejrek, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of the fragmented municipal structure in the Czech Republic and its political aspects. The opening part includes the circumscription of the topic, characterizes a municipality as a territorial self-government unit, it also tries to outline the miscellaneous interpretatons of the term "small municipality". Next chapter compares municipal structure of European countries with focus to municipal structure reforms and intermunicipal cooperations in selected European states. This part is n't followed by the description of the historical development of urban and municipal structure in the Czech Republic and the influence of its current form on municipal political systems and party systems of the municipalities. The thesis then observes the options of recent voluntary inter7municipal cooperation in the Czech Republic. Next chapter describes the shared tax income of municipalities as intended "catalysator" of the amalgamation of Czech municipalities. The penultimate sector deals with the reforming propositions of the urban structure as seen in project of the Operative Group for Issues of Small Municipalities created by Ministry of Interior of the Czech Republic. It also brings author's own project of reorganisation of municipal structure in the Czech Republic. The final chapter...
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A comparison between Czech and Slovak right-wing polities development from 1990 up to date
Boháčová, Anna ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
This theses is concerned with the origin and development of right-wing political parties in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic during 1989-2006. At first, basic terms such as political party or a partial system are defined. Afterwards a concept of right-wing and left-wing is briefly defined. The theses shortly addresses a form of electoral system which notably influences the partial system. Year 1989 was an important year for the evolution of political parties in both countries, it was a year when anti-communist movements arised. Later on, most important right-wing entities originated from them. In the Czech Republic the rights were in power from 1990 till 1998. The election in 1998 ended in a stalemate and a nonstandard agreement between two ultimate rivals - right-wing ODS and left-wing CSSD was signed. After the election in 2002, the parties again operate along the axes of right-wing and left-wing. Slovakia went through more complicated development since authoritarian HZDS was in power and did not admit democratic right-wing entities any share of power. After 1998. when wide governmental alliance was established, a period of standardization of political system in Slovakia has began. Finally the theses focuses on cleavages in a society which importantly influence the form of partial systems and which...
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The Phenomena of Division of Municipalities into Several Electoral Districts in Local Elections in the Czech Republic
Burianová, Tereza ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
Práce se věnuje rozdělování území obcí na více volebních obvodů v českých komunálních volbách. Tato možnost, zakotvená v zákonech o volbách do zastupitelstev v obcích z let 1994 a 2001, si zaslouží pozornost už proto, že představuje účinný a jen málo regulovaný nástroj volebního inženýrství, třebaže jej dosud opakovaně využily jen hlavní město Praha, Olomouc, některé pražské městské části a obec Lišov. Autorka poukazuje na skutečnost, že při deliminaci volebních obvodů ve výše zmíněných obcích nejsou brána v potaz některá obecná kritéria. Ne vždy se ve volebních obvodech volí poměrná část členů odpovídající počtu zapsaných voličů. Vyskytují se případy, kdy volební okrsky spadající pod jeden volební obvod nevytvářejí souvislé území. Dochází i k rozdělování přirozených celků uvnitř obcí do více volebních obvodů. Hranice a počty volebních obvodů se navíc často mění, což znesnadňuje situaci voličům i kandidujícím uskupením. Analýza komunálních voleb do "velkého" pražského a olomouckého zastupitelstva v letech 1994 až 2006 potvrzuje, že se vzrůstajícím počtem volebních obvodů roste přirozený práh, s čímž souvisí i menší počet stran přítomných v zastupitelstvu. Stranám, jejichž celoobecní podpora se pohybuje na hranici uzavírací klauzule, nicméně může vytyčení více volebních obvodů pomoci k zisku alespoň jednoho...
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Changes of the system of social partnership in Austria and its future perspective
Týmová, Slavomíra ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
The Austrian social and economic partnership is a specific system of co operation between the major economic interest groups, labour unions and between them and the government. Based on close voluntary co-operation between employers, employees and state (government), it constitutes the specifically Austrian manifestation of the system of reconciling interests and ranks Austria high among scales of corporatism in the relevant literature. What diversify the Austrian social partnership and the Austrian form of corporatism (so called Austro-corporatism) is its coverage - practically all areas of economic and social policy used to come under the social partnership tripartite cooperation. This cooperation of interest groups is mostly informal and is not regulated by law. The social partners are represented by four large representative organisations. On the employees' side these are the Austrian Trade Union Federation (OGB) and the Federal Chamber of Labour (BAK), and on the employers' side the Federal Economic Chamber of Austria (WKO), and the Standing Committee of Presidents of the Chamber of Agriculture (PRAKO). After World War II, the government, the industry and the trade unions started the social partnership cooperation mainly to avoid the social and industrial conflict and to assure the social...
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The Theory of Coalitions in the Context of Elections to the Regional Board of Representatives in 2000 and 2004
Slámová, Klára ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
The master thesis "The theory o f coalitions in the context o f elections to the regional board o f representatives in 2000 and 2004 " deals with formation of executive bodies at the regional level. The theory of coalitions, concerned exclusively with coalitions at the national level, is applied herein to a lower political level. This is contributed by the fact that in the Czech Republic the regional (as well as municipal) level operates on the same basis as the national level. The legislative body - the board of representatives - disposes of the direct mandate; from it the executive - the council - draws its own mandate. Thus, the effort to transpose the theory of coalitions to a specific environment of regional politics is hereby facilitated. This thesis commences with a theoretical introduction in which the theory of coalitions is presented, focused on the typology of coalition governments. The work follows with an analysis of the institutional aspect of regional politics. The regions as the new regional authorities of self-government needed to establish not only their structure of organization and certain powers, but also the electoral system through which the main body of the region would be filled. Following the theoretical introduction, emphasis is put on the examination of each region (within two...
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Elements of Deliberative Democracy in the Czech Republic: A Case Study of Participatory Budgeting in Municipal District of Prague 10
Šmerdová, Vladimíra ; Masopustová, Ilona (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
This thesis lies in an analysis of a participative budget realization at the Prague 10 municipal district in a context of deliberative democracy. This is a case study stemming from a qualitative research based on an analysis of key documents and semi- structured interviews. Deliberative and participatory democracy - whose features are the crucial elements in a participatory budgeting process - serve as a theoretical basis of this thesis. In the empirical part the thesis focuses on causes of the participatory budgeting implementation and the laid down methodology approved by the Prague 10 municipal assembly in June 2015. Neither rules for proposal submissions nor the time schedule of the process are omitted. The thesis deals with different phases and the future outlook as well. An integral part of the thesis is the analysis of the actors who played key roles in the process. Apart from the case study the thesis maps the use of the participatory budgeting both abroad and in other Czech towns and cities.
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