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Hydrological regime of peatlands and its changes
Bachtíková, Petra ; Datel, Josef (advisor) ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (referee)
This thesis is concentrated on hydrology of peatlands especially on their hydrological regime and water quality. The thesis is to be regarded as a preparation for a future detailed research, which will employ the elaborate literature search. The main results therefore are the basic information about their ditribution, peatland flora and fauna and their important aspect of scientifec and practical then about hydrologii of peatland and water quality.
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Aral Sea
Chupík, Jan ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
In the introducion of this seminar paper author deals with former natural conditions of Aral lake. It focuses on climatic conditions, morphology, hydrology and local land use situation.Because the region of Central Asia has been historically wedged between the three empires, it is also appropriate to describe closer the historical and political development of the region. The focus of the thesis is to analyze the causes of hydrological changes, when the desertification of Aral Lake has a catastrophic impact on the ecosystem and human society in the region. The return of Aral Lake to the situation sixty years ago is, unfortunately, unrealistic, but various remedial measures are being implemented to improve the situation as much as possible. The goal is to make the most of the situation. This is also done through various international projects. Therefore, the vision of the future development of the region around Aral Lake is outlined. There are also similar cases in the world, most notably the Dead Sea. The work concluded that at least some hope for recovery unfortunately only has the northern part of Aral's lake, while the southern part is probably lost forever.
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Mineral water resources in the Czech part of the Vienna basin
Bošková, Lucia ; Datel, Josef (advisor) ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (referee)
The bachelor thesis characterizes the Vienna Basin region from a geological and hydrogeological perspective. The main focus is put on the occurrence of mineral water. It describes the basic types of waters that are located there. In a closer look, it describes important types of them, mainly those ones that have the largest occurrence in the region. In another aspect, it analyzes their current condition and use. It defines basic concepts of this issue and describes common or legislative requirements for the classification and description of mineral waters. It puts a closer look and describes main sites of mineral water springs, including local spa places, especially those ones that are currently active. It also briefly deals with localities, where mineral water abstraction or spa treatment took place in the past and which are currently no longer active. In the end, it describes these sites from a balneological point of view. Keywords Vienna basin, mineral waters, spa, balneology
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Groundwater Influence of Streamflow Quality in Crystalline Areas under Easing Acid Deposition
Erbanová, Lucie ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Navrátil, Tomáš (referee) ; Kopáček, Jiří (referee)
Surface waters from crystalline areas are a significant easily accessible source of drinking water. However, these areas often experienced high loads of acids from atmospheric deposition over the last century. Degradation of soils and surface waters occurred subsequently, especially in areas built of rocks vulnerable to acidification. The main objectives were to quantify the role that groundwaters play during streamflow generation and to evaluate the rate that groundwaters control stream water chemistry. The present-day quality of groundwaters and surface waters was compared with the quality at the period of easing atmospheric deposition. Groundwater brings base cations released by bedrock weathering into streamflow enhancing streamwater alkalinity at all flow levels. During baseflow conditions, streamflow was predominantly supplied with groundwater from deeper fractured bedrock. However, groundwater runoff is supplemented by water from shallower catchment reservoirs (shallower fractured bedrock, soils and overland flow). Thus, the chemistry of baseflow is not as invariable as usually considered. The acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) of stream water was correlated with the amount of more acid waters. To the contrary, the pH of streamflow was stable during baseflow conditions. Alkaline groundwaters...
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Isotope hydrogeology and geothermal applications to clarify the origin, the sustainability and the character of groundwater flow: Bohemian and Aquitaine sedimentary basins
Jiráková, Hana ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Rapantová, Naďa (referee) ; Michelot, Jean-Luc (referee)
Isotopic investigations combined with geothermal applications represent powerful tools for the exploration of groundwater potential as a drinking or geothermal resource. This Ph.D. Thesis combines both approaches, environmental and radioactive isotopes together with temperature data in deep aquifers, in order to enrich and update the knowledge concerning the aquifer recharge processes in the Aquitaine Basin (France) and the aquifer recharge processes and geothermal potential in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (Czech Republic). Stable isotopes (18 O, 2 H, 13 C) combined with radioisotope data (14 C, 3 H) are used to estimate the recharge timing and climatic conditions prevailing during the infiltration from the Late Pleistocene up to modern time. The character of groundwater recharge and regime are necessary to generate relevant source data for the accurate modelling of complex groundwater systems. Three groups of groundwater recharge types can be distinguished throughout Europe - (i) continuous recharge and (ii) interrupted recharge during Last Glacial Maximum and (iii) a group corresponding to particular recharge conditions. The contrasted geographic and climate conditions at both study sites in France and the Czech Republic have entailed a great heterogeneity of the recharge conditions and...
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Flooding of the Hamr I mine and evaluation of the geological structure impact on the hydrogeological conditions in the northeastern part of Stráž block
Rozman, David ; Datel, Josef (advisor) ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (referee)
The main objective of diploma thesis is to evaluate the impact of the geological structure on the hydrogeological conditions in the northeastern part of Stráž block. The study area in northern Bohemia is characterised by Cenomanian and Turonian sandstone aquifers, which are horizontally divided by Lower Turonian aquitard. The thesis focuses groundwater level analysis and study hydrogeological impacts of faults, neovolcanic veins and disturbances of rock environment caused by uranium mining. First part of the study presents description of general geological and hydrogeological conditions in the area with summary of previous investigations and reports. Various hydraulic interventions during mining, which have great impact on the groundwater level situation are described. Based on the data from collected boreholes, contour maps of groundwater level are prepared to study its shape and temporal changes. Hydraulic communication through aquitard and through Stráž fault zone have been examined by correlations of groundwater levels. The results of the study confirm sealing effect of Stráž fault zone in the examined section. Barrier effect of the neovolcanic veins has been confirmed on several locations and examples of increased hydraulic conductivity as the result of fault disturbances have been located....
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