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Influencing International Relations in the South China Sea Based on the China's Food Policy
Vnouček, Jeroným ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
The South China Sea region is an important area of international events. In this area, the strained relations between China and the neighboring states sharing the given sea and the United States are reflected. Within the framework of the international political discussion, a great deal of attention is directed, for example, to the issue of Taiwan, mineral deposits and international trade. However, not much attention is paid to the importance of marine fisheries for China's expansionist actions, which is the focus of this work. This thesis deals with the question, "How does China's food security affect international relations in the South China Sea?" Using the approach of neo-Malthusian theory, it is possible to monitor the food demands of the Chinese population in the context of food security affected by a degrading environment. Using analysis and subsequent synthesis, sources and information related to food and international relations are examined. The results of the work indicate that China is food-insufficient in the long term and its protein supply is strongly influenced by protein imports, fishing and fish aquaculture production. However, food and especially fish production is strongly affected by the deteriorating environment. In order to satisfy its needs, China chooses actions that violate...
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The German Arctic Policy
Nguyenová, Thi Khanh Ly ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with Germany's Arctic policy in the last decade and focuses on its security dimension. The Arctic region has undergone many changes in recent years due to climate change and the new geopolitical situation, including a change in the security situation. Based on the concepts of civilian power and securitization, the thesis examines whether Germany approaches the Arctic as a multilateral actor or whether the Arctic has gained importance in German foreign and security policy and become a recognized security issue for Germany. The introductory part of the thesis is devoted to a general introduction of the Arctic region, its definition and a presentation of the global security, environmental and economic aspects and challenges associated with it. The thesis then briefly outlines the history of German involvement in the Arctic, its activities and Germany's relevance to the region. The main research part of the thesis is divided into the bilateral and multilateral dimensions of German Arctic policy, thus reflecting the nature of German multilateralism. The results of the examination of German Arctic policy have shown that Germany is aware of the various aspects of Arctic security and its global dimension, however, the focus is on the climate and economic security issues of the region. Even...
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Reactions of American conservatives toward the revisionism of the historical role of Christopher Columbus
Schaepe, Hana ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Kýrová, Lucie (referee)
The thesis focuses on the analysis of the reaction of American conservatives to the impulses for revisionist reinterpretation of the historical figure of Christopher Columbus and his legacy. The thesis places this topic in the context of polarization in the United States and the culture wars. It presents a brief development of reinterpretation attempts, how this view arose, what its rationale is, and how Christopher Columbus is viewed through it. It will briefly summarize the history of this phenomenon, its reinforcement around the quincentennial of Columbus's voyages, and its projection into resonant debates in contemporary American society. Subsequently it will analyze the reaction of conservative-minded Americans to this issue using two focus groups. In the analysis, the thesis will examine representative figures from the groups of politicians and political commentators or authors who address the issue. The thesis will then summarize the analyzed responses into major lines of argument and deduce from them why conservatives take a largely negative view of revisionism, what aspects of reinterpretation bother them, and what they base their positions on. The paper thus asks: What is the response to suggestions for reinterpreting the figure of Christopher Columbus by conservative-minded circles...
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The Role of Behavioural Policy Tools in Crisis Mitigation: Slovakia in the 21st Century
Michalková, Tereza ; Kovács, Radek (advisor) ; Douarin, Elodie (referee) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
Just in the last 15 years Europe has seen 4 major crises all of which have shown us our man\vulnerabilities. Their effects were and are far-reaching, affecting economies, governance and highlighting the blind spots in education and social fractionality. This is especially true for CEE countries, who are among the newest democracies on the European continent. This thesis provides an overview of behavioural policy tools used in Slovakia to mitigate crisis-induced economic and social challenges through closing the education gap and raising trust in institutions. This analysis concludes that behavioural policy tools including default, affect, salience, priming and others have the potential of being effective in influencing people's attitudes, making crisis management and mitigation more successful. Finally, I conclude that behavioural policy tools can be useful in mitigating adverse effects in the context of future crises.
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Economic spill-over of Europeanization: A permissible attack on realism?
Kiehl, Sebastian ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
Internal Abstract This master thesis's main hypothesis, is attempting to answer if the economic spillover effect of the European Union is a strong enough motive for countries to abandon their traditional realist behavior. In order to analyze and ultimately answer the question, the author employs a combination of qualitative research for the theoretical aspect and a quantitative comparative economic analysis. The qualitative research delves into the motivations and expectation of people prior to joining the EU, compared to after joining the EU. The comparative study attempts to highlight the positive economic spillover from EU membership, revealing how these economic benefits may have altered the nations perception of sovereignty and international relations. The latter part of the thesis is relying on quantitative data from six countries in total, spread evenly between the EU enlargement of 1995 and the one in 2004. The findings do indicate that while the general motivation behind EU membership does include an economic driver. This is also underlined by the comparative case study, which highlights different levels of positive economic developments for the above-mentioned countries, indicating that the economic spillover effect may as well be a valid excuse for countries to abandon their realist mentality and...
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Comparative Analysis of Transformational Leadership: Václav Havel and Lee Teng-hui
Chen, Yi Ju ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
In recent years, the relationship between the Czech Republic and Taiwan has been getting closer. The two seemingly distant country however went through similar development at the end of 20th century - democratization. During the process, there are two significant champions of democracy: former president Vaclav Havel and Lee Teng-hui. This thesis will have two main objectives: first, to provide an overview of the lives of Havel and Lee Teng-hui; second, to conduct a comparative analysis of both using the transformational leadership theory to explore whether they align with Bass's definition of a transformational leader.
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US War reporting: American media evolution through a comparative analysis of the depiction of Middle Eastern women
Mlatečková, Marie ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
This study delves into the portrayal of Arab women in American mass media (the New York Times, the Washington Post and the Wall Street Journal) and uncovers the continued presence of Orientalism in such reporting. The study examines the War in Iraq and Syria as case studies and finds that more has stayed the same between the two. The study employs three frameworks to support its findings: Orientalism, post-colonial feminism, and peace journalism. The thesis extensively reviews existing literature on the topic and includes a chapter on the definition of mass media, with specific examples of its power in the United States. Another chapter focuses on the Middle Eastern context of gender and the context of the two wars. Finally, the study provides an in-depth analysis of representative samples from three journals and their articles during the first year of both conflicts, which are then presented and discussed.
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Federal Reserve System's attitude to CBDC
Slabý, Jiří ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
Using Content Analysis, this Master's thesis aims to answer the question of why the Federal Reserve System is delaying the introduction of a central bank digital currency (CBDC). This new financial instrument responds to the technological innovations of recent years in the field of currencies - cryptocurrencies. With declining numbers of people using central bank money, namely cash, the CBDC efforts to reverse this trend. This thesis offers a comparison of various means of payment so that the reader understands exactly how CBDC differs from them. With the help of examples of already established digital currencies or their pilot projects, it shows possible paths for the United States as well. The support of the executive branch, Congress, and especially the American public is needed for the introduction of CBDC in the United States. The President's backing is evidenced, for example, by his Executive Order No. 14067. Finding support in Congress is much more difficult for the Fed since its composition changes every two years. With the Republican Party currently on top in the House of Representatives, it will be more difficult to push the President's agenda. Additionally, Republican Congressmen typically introduce bills against additional Fed powers. A public survey on the introduction of CBDC has not...
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Chinese and US health diplomacy as a soft power tool during Ebola and COVID-19 epidemics
Kratschmer, Adam ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This master's thesis addresses health diplomacy as a tool of 'soft power' and focuses on a comparative analysis of the health strategies of China and the United States. It examines health policy strategy as a means of influence in three selected African countries: Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea. These countries were most affected by the Ebola epidemic, and the thesis tracks how the strategies of the USA and China changed from Ebola to COVID-19 epidemic. The study employs case study methodology and assesses the nature, scope, and course of health diplomacy initiatives of both countries. The analysis is structured according to five key aspects of health diplomacy: aid and assistance, cooperation and collaboration, communication and messaging, long-term investment and partnerships, and impact and acceptance. The findings of the thesis indicate that during both epidemics, the USA provided technical expertise and financial assistance, while China focused on direct aid and infrastructure investment. Even though China tried to create the impression of a reliable global partner, it is evident from the analysis that it mainly preferred bilateral relations and especially strengthened its own influence. Although there was cooperation between the USA and China during Ebola, the dynamics changed during...
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