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Valuation of Commercial Insurance Companies with Focus on Relative Valuation
Hejduková, Markéta ; Mařík, Miloš (advisor) ; Daňhel, Jaroslav (referee) ; Hnilica, Jiří (referee)
Considering the insufficient current state of theory in the field of the insurance companies' valuation, the aim of this dissertation thesis was firstly to comprehensively analyze issues of commercial insurance companies' valuation and secondly to develop an appropriate body of knowledge that could contribute to the development of a practical methodology to be used in valuation practice. This dissertation thesis is divided into three consecutive parts. The first part assessed the accounting issues of commercial insurance companies with an impact on financial analysis and planning and on further procedure of insurance companies' valuation. In this section, the structure of financial statements of insurance companies was described and specific items of financial statements were discussed, especially concerning financial investments and technical reserves. The book keeping methods, reporting and testing while abiding to the Czech accounting regulations were analyzed. As well as, different accounting procedures required by IFRS or US GAAP were pointed out. Moreover, specific ratios convenient for a financial analysis of insurance companies were recorded. For an overall rating of the financial health, the value creation test was suggested in an equity form. Subsequently, the value drivers of insurance company were identified and recommendations for the complex processes of financial planning were given. Such a complex financial planning process should include a strategic analysis applicable for the purposes of a premium growth rate forecast. The second part includes the various methods of valuation, such as income approach, asset approach and relative valuation. Application of conventional valuation techniques was assessed and necessary modifications of classical methodology were suggested with respect to the specifics of the insurance market. Special attention has been paid to the fair value reporting of certain balance sheet items, as well as the creation of hidden reserves, respectively hidden debt. Modifications of valuation formulas were stated and/or suggested per each introduced method. The scope of this part also included methods of Embedded Value and Appraisal Value, which are used in practice for reporting purposes in the fields of life insurance, and their applicability in the field of business valuation was then assessed. The third part contains an extensive empirical study that focuses on one of the methods of the valuation multiples estimation, for the purposes of life insurance companies, namely so-called sector regressions. Analysis and testing were performed on historical data of traded life insurance companies from Europe, the USA and Canada for the period of 2000 to 2011. Only profitable companies were taken into account in each given year. Data were drawn from S&P Capital IQ database. Multiples MV/E, MV/BV, MV/Prem and D/MV, which were identified as utilizable (dependent variables) in the theoretical part of this thesis, were tested together with 13 financial indicators of life insurance companies (independent variables). Extreme observations of the tested multiples, as well as the indicators, were removed. The major outcome of this empirical study is firstly an identification of key financial indicators which have a major impact on valuation multiples of life insurance companies, and secondly, computation of time consistent regression formulas. Such formulas make for a relatively simple tool for the estimation of valuation multiples (and subsequently market value) of non-traded life insurance companies based on key financial indicators.
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Valuation of Company GASTRO Vaizová s.r.o.
Gruberová, Michaela ; Maříková, Pavla (advisor) ; Hejduková, Markéta (referee)
The main aim of this diploma thesis is to appraise market and also invesment value of company GASTRO Vaizová s.r.o. as of 31st December, 2011 and especially to compare methodology used to find out these two basis of value. Business value was estimated according to DCF Entity method and market comparison method in this case. This thesis consists of strategic analysis, financial analysis, analysis and prediction of generators of value. On the basis of the generators of value the complete financial plan has been set up. Then, finally, the company value was appraised using DCF Entity and market comparison method. In the last chapter, major differences in methodology related to both value basis defined above and used during appraisal are discused.
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Financial and strategic analysis of the company Pivovar Svijany a.s.
Horecká, Barbora ; Mařík, Miloš (advisor) ; Hejduková, Markéta (referee)
The thesis provides financial and strategic analysis of the brewery Pivovar Svijany a.s. as a basis for subsequent valuation of the company. It provides a basis for choosing appropriate valuation methods and data for their subsequent application. The thesis is divided into four parts; the first part provides basic information about the company, its history and its activities. The second part analyses the financial health of the company by financial statement analysis and ratios analysis. The results of the company are then compared with competitors in the same industry. The third part is devoted to strategic analysis; it defines the relevant market in terms of volume and values. It provides alternative forecast scenarios of market development. It arrives to the projections of revenues of Svijany by synthesis and analysis of market forecasts and forecasts of competitive power. The final section summarizes the results of financial and strategic analysis.
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Strategic Analysis of KOH-I-NOOR GRAFIT, s.r.o.
Hejduková, Markéta ; Dvořák, Jiří (advisor) ; Soroka, Stanislav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to elaborate a strategic analysis of the company KOH-I-NOOR Grafit, s.r.o., on this basis set vision and conceive a strategy suggestion. Principal methods of external analysis are PEST analysis and Porter's 5-forces model, in internal analysis are used analysis of internal sources and financial analysis. The next method is SWOT analysis, which sums up and interconnects the most important findings of previous analyses; on this ground is set a strategy of a chosen company and suggest a strategy.
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Ocenění podniku Mlékárna Hlinsko, s.r.o.
Kořistková, Martina ; Maříková, Pavla (advisor) ; Hejduková, Markéta (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to estimate the market value of Mlékárna Hlinsko, s.r.o. as of 1. 1. 2009. At first, a strategic analysis of the company was performed resulting in the sales forecast, and a financial analysis assessing the financial condition of the company. Based on the results of strategic and financial analyses going-concern assumption was assumed to be justified. Then, an analysis and projection of value generators was carried out and a financial plan was created. Valuation itself was performed using the DCF Equity method and a market comparison approach, in particular the Guideline Public Company method.
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The comparison of business valuation methods DCF and EVA
Horáček, Jiří ; Jurečka, Jan (advisor) ; Hejduková, Markéta (referee)
The object of the diploma paper "The comparison of business valuation methods DCF and EVA" is to realize a theoretical confrontation of income approach methods of Discounted Cash Flow (including its all versions: entity, equity and APV) and Economic Value Added, and also to apply all of the methods to valuate a company and their consequent reconciliation. The study is focusing on cases when the methods should be equivalent and when they may differ.
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Valuation of Philip Morris ČR Group
Dvořák, Petr ; Mařík, Miloš (advisor) ; Hejduková, Markéta (referee)
The goal is to determine the value in use of Philip Morris ČR Group at 1 January 2009. For this purpose, I made the strategic analysis, financial analysis and the financial plan for the period 2009-2019. The non-market value of equity of Philip Morris ČR Group at 1 January 2009 is 12 405 million CZK.
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