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Bank regulatory standards and supervision: The impact on the of banks' efficiency
Kufnerová, Andrea ; Fišerová, Tereza (advisor) ; Havránková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis examines the bank efficiency and the impact of the regulatory and supervisory instruments on the efficiency of banks actively performing on the financial markets in the countries of European Union. Our analysis concerns 8-year time period, covering also the period of global financial crisis with the aim to determine possible changes in the relationship regulation versus efficiency. We apply SFA Fourier-flexible model for estimation of profit and cost efficiency scores. Consequently we use GLS panel data estimation in order to test for the regulatory determinants of efficiency, we have specified 6 various models with the focus on different regulatory instruments. Results firstly suggest that high cost efficiency does not necessarily imply high bank profit efficiency. Secondly, we uncovered the negative relation between market concentration, the level of development of financial market and the cost efficiency of foreign banks. Thirdly, we also found evidence supporting the assumption of positive impact of private monitoring and the independence of supervisory authority implying the increasing of transparency in the market. Additionally, we uncovered support for negative effect of activity and diversification restrictions. However, the results concerning the financial crisis period are...
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Female Leadership and Financial Performance: A Meta-Analysis
Gömöryová, Katarína ; Havránková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Novák, Jiří (referee)
Is female leadership the secret ingredient to financial prosperity? This question has been the subject of extensive research, yet the findings remain inconclusive. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of this relationship employ- ing contemporary techniques on the up-to-date dataset comprising 1,131 esti- mates gathered from 96 distinct studies. We clarify the theoretical underpin- nings and methodological challenges in estimating this effect. Then we address the pervasive issue of publication bias resulting in the mild preference for pos- itive outcomes. After filtering out this bias, the study finds a negligible mean effect estimate, suggesting that the impact of women in leadership on financial performance is minimal. We further explore the potential factors that could account for variations in the estimated effects across different studies. Utilising Bayesian Model Averaging, weighted by the inverse number of estimates, we identify thirteen significant moderators that influence the relationship under study. Among these, the proportion of female authors, the impact factor of the journal, the duality of the CEO role, and the tenure of leaders are found to exert the most positive influence on the effect. Conversely, the age of leaders pushes effect the most in the opposite direction....
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Salary Determinants and the Salary Cap in the NFL
Pachl, Michael ; Kalabiška, Roman (advisor) ; Havránková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis examines the main determinants of National Football League (NFL) players' salaries and percentage cap values in the team with focus placed on players with veteran NFL contracts. Furthermore, it extends the existing literature by adding the analyses of defense skill position players alongside with the study of individual positions and by being up to date with the latest ratification of the Collective bargaining agreement (CBA). To measure the effect and significance of chosen independent variables on the players' salaries, OLS and quantile regression are used for offense and defense skill position analyses, followed by an additional OLS regression of individual positions. One of the most important findings of the thesis is that the player's percentage cap value shows a significant positive dependency on the draft position even during senior contracts. Moreover, the player's performance constructed using the fantasy football statistics has been proven positive and highly significant across all positions. Keywords American Football, NFL, Salaries, Draft Title Salary Determinants and the Salary Cap in the NFL
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How much does intelligence predict lifetime income? A Meta-Analysis
Nguyenová, Van Anh ; Havránková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Bortnikova, Kseniya (referee)
Despite growing interest and extensive empirical research in economic returns to ability, a consensus regarding the true impact of intelligence on financial outcomes remains elusive. While psychology literature has made e orts to unify divergent findings, economics is yet to produce a comprehensive meta- analysis addressing this issue. Addressing this gap, our thesis utilizes cutting- edge meta-analytic techniques to analyze a unique dataset of 765 estimates drawn from 38 studies, providing a clearer picture of intelligence's impact on income. We uncover a notable positive publication bias, which, after correction, yields a diminished yet statistically significant e ect. Specifically, our results indicate that a standard deviation increase in cognitive ability results in a less than 10% increase in financial outcomes. Leveraging over 30 variables in our Bayesian and frequentist averaging models, we identify key determinants of this e ect, including the data collection year, outcome specifications, methodologi- cal choices, country-specific factors, and the number of estimates reported per study. Additionally, when adjusting for factors such as gender, residential loca- tion, work experience, and family attributes, we observe substantial variations in e ect size. JEL Classification J24, J31, D31, C11...
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College Wage Premium: A Meta-Analysis
Gallová, Ivana ; Havránková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Havránek, Tomáš (referee)
This meta-analysis is focused on the examination of college wage premium - the wage differential between college graduates and individuals without a college degree, using the most recent and state-of-art methods. To conduct the analy- sis we reviewed 41 studies, from which we collected 567 estimates. The findings show presence of a mild publication bias and p-hacking. The college wage pre- mium corrected for publication bias differ from 0.293 to 0.386, but in most of the test the estimates are below mean (0.349) showing mild positive publication bias. The findings indicate that the individuals with a college education have wages that are 29% to 39% higher than those without a college degree. By employing Bayesian model averaging, together with Frequentist check and Fre- quentist model averaging, we investigate the heterogeneity between estimates. Out results suggest that controlling for gender, unemployment rate, and study major are few of the significant variables affecting the college wage premium. While the first two mentioned have negative relationship on the college wage premium, controlling for study major increases college wage premium.
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Field care services in the Šluknov region
Havránková, Zuzana ; Vrzáček, Petr (advisor) ; Mertl, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with field social care services in the Šluknov region, the border region of the Ústí nad Labem County. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on mapping regional coverage by the field care service providers and identifying obstacles to the development of their capacities. One of the possible barriers to the development of providers' capacities is considered the insufficient demand from the target group, due to unfamiliarity of new concepts of field care. The aim of the empirical part of this diploma thesis is therefore to know the attitude of potential clients towards field care services and to find out the preferences of personal care type. Data collected by qualitative questioning techniques are analysed by triple coding and interpretation of resulting categories and their relationships. Research findings concludes that there is distrust amongst potential clients towards field care services and show a significant degree of unfamiliarity with these services. People in need for care in the region tend to prefer the established way of solution, i.e. to care with their own strength, then use the offer of residential care services. Since the perception of field care services by residents has an impact on its usage, recommendations are focused on adjustments to working...
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Standing Tall Pays Off: A Meta-Analysis of Height Premium
Juračková, Martina ; Havránková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Polák, Petr (referee)
As has been demonstrated by empirical research, height is an important physical feature impacting various aspects of the life of an individual. This thesis deals with the relationship between height and income, also referred to as height premium. With the help of modern meta-analytic methods, we aim to quantitatively summarize the empirical evidence on the impact of height on income. After introducing the topic of height premium, data collection and methodological framework, we test for publication bias. The analysis is conducted on 1084 height premium estimates collected from 67 studies. The results of publication bias testing indicate that height premium literature contains positive publication bias which persists even after we control for additional variables capturing study characteristics or, in other words, the heterogeneity of collected estimates. Based on Bayesian Model Averaging results, we conclude that geographical factors, the longitudinal nature of the dataset, restriction of the dataset with respect to gender, or adding a gender control variable into the regression are the most important factors explaining the variability of height premium effects.
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The Effect of Face Masks on Covid Transmission: A Meta-Analysis
Lušková, Martina ; Havránková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Bertoli, Paola (referee)
The effect of face masks on Covid-19 transmission is crucial for the health of populations. Nevertheless, its economic consequences cannot be overlooked. To perform a quantitative meta-analysis, 258 estimates from 44 primary studies were collected together with more than 30 variables mirroring the differences among the studies. Publication bias was examined by implementing various statistical tests resulting in mild evidence for the phenomenon. We contribute to other meta-analyses on the topic by employing the Bayesian and Frequen- tist model averaging to identify the drivers behind the heterogeneity of the estimates. The results suggest that temperature, geographical latitude, and panel data structure have a highly statistically significant and positive effect on the risk of transmission associated with mask-wearing. Moreover, a pos- itive effect was identified for healthcare set-up. In contrast, performing an aerosol-generating procedure shifts the risk in the negative direction. JEL Classification I1, I11, I19, Keywords meta-analysis, Covid-19, face masks, pan- demic, Covid-19 transmission, publication bias, Bayesian model averaging Title The Effect of Face Masks on Covid Transmis- sion: A Meta-Analysis
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Three Essays on the Economics of Education
Zeynalova, Olesia ; Havránková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Cook, Nikolai (referee) ; Janků, Jan (referee) ; Geyer-Klingeberg, Jerome (referee)
Dissertation Thesis Three Essays on the Economics of Education Mgr. Olesia Zeynalova Abstract This dissertation focuses on three aspects of higher education policy that are pertinent to both deans and policymakers. The first essay contributes to the debate about the relationship between tuition fees and demand for higher education using meta-analysis. While large negative estimates dominate the literature, we show that researchers report positive and insignificant estimates less often than they should. After correcting for this publication bias, we find that the literature is consistent with the mean tuition-enrollment elasticity being close to zero. The second essay shows how easily firms can substitute workers with different educational backgrounds. We evaluate the elasticity of substitution between skilled and unskilled workers, which is a key parameter in the analysis of wage inequality. We show that the empirical literature is consistent with both publication and attenuation bias in the estimated inverse elasticities. The publication bias-corrected estimates remain close to zero. The result is consistent with attenuation bias in the literature and implies an elasticity of 4 after correction for both biases. The third essay shows how the real implementation of the Russian Unified State Exam (USE) reform...
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Household Energy and Water use in Hawassa, Ethiopia
Legamo, Tarekegn Mamo ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Havránková, Zuzana (referee) ; Muchapondwa, Edwin (referee)
One of the consequences of increasing demand for water and energy sources is the depletion of natural resource bases while sustainable use of natural resources can substantially contribute to climate change and unwise use of these resources result in air and water pollution, as well as land degradation. This dissertation thesis examines "Household Energy and Water use in Hawassa". The main goal of the thesis is to answer research questions related to the patterns of household water use and energy source choice in the face of growing economy, socio- demographic dynamics and climate change factors-particularly in the context of local environment. As energy and water are the two important environmental goods, the pattern of their use has an impact on local environment, where the analysis of demand for energy source choice and water use has a significant impact, as households are a unit of analysis. A key approach we followed in this thesis is analysing of household survey data based on stratification of socio-economic and demographic variances, geographic location (urban vs peri-urban), and environmental factors. The main energy related data were generated from household survey to analyse the energy source choice based on the three main energy sources; electricity, charcoal and fuelwood along with...
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