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The Identification and the Origin of the Gemstones Adorning the Insignia of the Charles University in Prague , the Faculty of Science
Petrová, Zdeňka ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Hanusová, Irena (referee)
The issue of a sceptre for the newly founded Faculty of Science was first discussed on the meeting of Faculty professors on the 25th November 1921, more than a year after the separation of the Faculty of Science from the Faculty of Arts. The commission elected from among the professors proposed a motion that the new Faculty sceptre should resemble the sceptre of the parental Faculty of Arts. Through a mediation of the Ministry of Education and National Enlightment the design of the new sceptre was ordered from the Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design and it was elaborated by prof. Jaroslav Horejc. However, in January 1923, his design was rejected, because it didn't meet the requirements of the professors' conservative approach. When prof. Horejc refused to make a modified copy of the sceptre of the Faculty of Arts, the professors addressed Tengler, the goldsmith who had made the sceptres of other faculties and of the rector in previous years. Alois Tengler was willing to make a modified copy of the sceptre of Faculty of Arts, but he also proposed a new design (with estimated price of 20 000 K), which the professors found more suitable and subsequently this design was adopted. Tengler committed himself to manufacture the sceptre by the 15th November 1924 and to incorporate any additional design...
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Radioactive accessory minerals in granitoids and its changes during metamorphosis and alteration.
Tuhý, Marek ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Matějka, Dobroslav (referee)
This paper is focused on gathering information about alterations of radioactive accessory minerals in granitic rocks. These minerals become unstable during the influence of fluids and increased temperature and pressure conditions. Allanite is usually metamict therefore it is more easily altered than others. Alteration of monazite is described as decomposing original grains which leads to the formation of secondary minerals such as allanite, apatite, minerals of thorium and epidote. Zircon is the most durable mineral mentioned in this paper. Zircon is altered mainly if it is metamict. Majority of authors agree that during alteration uranium is mobilized into fluids and thorium with REE is incorporate into the secondary minerals.
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Uranium mineralisation of the Lugian orthogneiss as a precursor of the radioactive springs genesis
Fatková, Karolína ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Škoda, Radek (referee)
The Lugian area is known for the occurrence of springs of radioactive radon mineral waters in areas formed by orthogneisses. Samples of mineralized orthogneisses (Sněžník, Krkonoše and Jizera) found by field radiometry were examined. By the laboratory gamma spectrometry of 28 samples, it was discovered that K and Th have background concentrations, in contrast U-Ra is increased up to 108,5 ppm. The distribution of radionuclides was determined by the alpha autoradiography method in eight selected samples with the highest uranium concentrations. According to optical and electron microscopy with ED analysis, radionuclides are present in the following mineralization stages: Common accessory minerals (zircon, monazite, xenotime, apatite, thorite) occur in the primary magmatic association. The primary magmatic uraninite s.s., associated with zircon, was found in two samples. Its presence is probably the main reason for the high fertility of lugian orthogneisses. Uraninite s.s. also occurs in the form of inclusions in pyrite in the metamorphic (syndeformative) period. Symptoms of greisenization (fluorite, fluorine-rich zircon) can be observed in the Jizera orthogneiss. The hydrothermal stage with comb-like quartz and hematite in the cavities and veinlets is evident in the Krkonoše orthogneiss. The...
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Radioactive medicinal springs in the Skalná - Bad Brambach area
Turnová, Štěpánka ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Vylita, Tomáš (referee)
Radiohydrochemical exploration took place in east part of the "smrčinský" pluton between "Skalná-Plesná-Bad Brambach in years 2016-2018. The main aim of the exploration was location and thorough research of possible occurrence of waters with radioactive concretation higher than 1500 Bq/l. That is a value for radioactive mineral waters given by the "lázeňským" law number 164/2001 Sb. Most important area is Plesná-south where was discovered several springs with values exceeding 5000 Bq/l. Eminent spring is called "Břetislav-Radonka" and lies one kilometre southwest from the train station Plesná-Šneky with an activity of about 12.5 kBq / l 222 Rn and a flow rate of about 2.5 l / min. It is the most active surface discharge of radon mineral water in the Czech Republic Another significant source area is north of Skalna - north. These springs were discovered almost 60 years ago, Dr. Marie Zukriegelová. The main source of this area was named after its discoverer - the "Marie Z" spring with an activity of 5800 Bq / l 222 Rn.Further the research focused on historical radioactive conduit which were used to supply village Skalné with water. The conduit was separated on two "branches" and the younger one was built ten years after the first one. In both pipes were found radioactive waters and the most important...
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Uranium in historical ceramic glazes: Determination by alpha radiation detection and comparison with other methods
Vopat, Michal ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Jelínek, Emil (referee)
In the Czech Republic yellow and ivory glazes with uranium in the Ditmar-Urbach and Terra Teplice companies were manufactured in the pre-war and inter-war period. The production of these glazes took place at the latest since the 1900, the material springs have existed since 1912. Their production ended in 1945. The most suitable method of non-destructive determination of uranium was the measurement of surface alpha activity on planar surfaces by a probe with a ZnS (Ag) scintillator constructed special for this bachelor thesis. Altogether 85 samples, evidence of this production, were measured. To determine the conversion of detected alpha activity to uranium content, an indirect calibration method was chosen to measure uranium content in three types of glazes by WDS analysis. In the studied set, uranium contents ranged from 0.2-2.2 % with the highest frequency ranging from 0.5-0.6 % U. 16 samples of yellow and ivory glazes were without added uranium with contents up to 322 ppm eU. Comparison of uranium contents determined by surface alpha activity measurement with area beta activity confirmed that the glazing does not form a saturated layer for beta radiation. Three types of glazes analyzed by WDS were also measured by XRF. By comparing uranium contents determined by both methods, it was found that...
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Underground waters and springs at Jeseník Spa: New hydrogeochemical data
Kohn, Tomáš ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Vylita, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the areal survey of water resources in the area of Priessnitz baths, to search for natural medicinal sources and advanced data collection for evaluation radiohydrogeochemical situation of the area. The area of interest is situated in the Hrubý Jeseník mountains. Hydrogeologically it is a hard rock, which consists mainly of metamorphic rocks of the Bohemian Massif, the Moravian-Silesian region, presented as the methamorfic envelope of the desen group of Silenics. Altogether, 83 objects were recorded and many of them were visited repeatedly. Physical parameters (temperature, pH, Eh, conductivity), activity 222Rn and flow rate were measured. In addition, the chemical composition and tritium contents were determined on selected sources. Conductometry, thermometry, and probes for peloids were conducted. There was no source of water (or peloid) that would reach the criteria of a natural healing source (according to the Czech spa law). However, the overall hydrogeological and hydrochemical situation is quite complicated. Both the genesis of water and its chemical composition is highly heterogeneous and influenced by the heterogenical geological structure. Generally, we have distinguished three types of water according to the chemical composition. We also divided the water sources...
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