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The status of female lawyers as a theme of the Czech Women's Movement during the First Czechoslovak Republic.
Láňová, Lucie ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Kubátová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the activities which were carried out by the activist Czech women's movement in the fight for better status of female lawyers in the First republic. The aim of this thesis is to find an answer to the research question "How did the Czech women's movement get involved in the question of the position of female lawyers during the First Republic?" Women were allowed to study at law school within the new republic. After finishing their studies, women wanted to work in the legal professions, which was very difficult despite the fact that women had the equal rights as men thanks to the constitution. Female lawyers were unjustifiably rejected and discriminated against. The Women's National Council, headed by Františka Plamínková and the Association of University-educated Women, tried to solve this situation. Legal department, whose mission was to ensure equal conditions for female lawyers, was established in 1925 within the association . The main goal was to mediate employment of female lawyers in the judicial service and in the conceptual state service. The activists tried for example through deputations, interventions, but also by publishing texts on the issue of the status of lawyers, to improve their chances of employment and also the conditions of employment. The...
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Christian Democratic Party DC. Development and its position in the first Italian Republic to the so-called historic compromise
Květoňová, Petra ; Šušlíková, Lada (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on research of the position of the Christian Democratic Party of Italy in the system of the First Republic of Italy from its origin until the so-called historic compromise in the second half of the 70's of the 20th century. The Christian Democracy played a fundamental role in the process of forming of a new democratic republic. In the parliamentary election of 1948, which were crucial for further evolution of Italy, the Christian Democracy gained victory over the Italian Communist Party and its coalition partners, also thanks to its expressive anticommunist election campaign. Then a period of centrism began, therefore coalitions of smaller centrist parties were formed around the Christian Democracy to prevent the communist's access to governments. This conventio ad excludendum, leading to formation of the same or similar coalitions and so to the actual absence of political alternance, therefore had significant consequences for the whole party system of the First Republic of Italy, which can also be characterised as a particracy (partitocrazia). The thesis also analyses the internal structure of the party, its particular factions and, finally, also its relationship to the voters and especially to the regions of the so- called white subculture, where the Christian...
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Office of the U.S. First Lady
Jelínková, Petra ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This thesis deals with the Office of the First Lady of the United States of America, which reports directly to the office of the President of the United States. The main subject of work is the analysis of the institution of the first ladies including models for the study, political activities and concept of the Office. Whereas that the formation of the office has a direct influence personality of the First Lady, the thesis also deals with the typology of the first ladies USA, their obligations and possible participation in presidential campaign of her husband. Next part of the thesis is summary of basic development of the institution. The last part of thesis is the description of the current office, which Michelle Obama manages, and includes the organizational structure, staff and budget of the Office.
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Analysis of women's representation in committees of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic
Martínková, Hana ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Hakauf, Martin (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the unequal gender representations in various fields in politics, the object of research are the committees established by the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The aim of this paper is to identify possible reasons for the unequal representation of men and women given the fact that women are commonly more represented in humanities. In the first part of the paper, theoretical concepts used as the base for research are introduced. Among these are barrier that women face when entering politics, the problem of participation and representation in connection to women's agenda and women's interest and the political culture with respect to gender. The last section of the theoretical part deals with parliamentary committees and the division of the agenda based on gender. The first part of research consists of quantitative data that prove the uneven distribution of participation of men and women. Quantitative data were acquired through interviewing female members of the Chamber of Deputies. The results show that women tend to base their political agenda on previous work experience or specific experience particularly in family care. No proof was discovered of the influence of barriers to enter politics, projecting onto the political career, on...
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Slovak Political Parties in the First Czechoslovak Republic : Analysis of the Program Goals
Dolejší, Tereza ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with political parties, which operated in the Slovak during the first Czechoslovak Republic. The aim is to analyze the political programs of the parties, namely the programs of Republikánská strana zemědělského a malorolnického lidu, Československá sociálně-demokratická strana dělnická, Komunistická strana Československá, Hlinkova slovenská ľudová strana and Slovenská národná strana. I'm going to analyze how particular requirements, which relate to Slovakia, modified over time, disappeared and appeared in connection with the historical context. I am going to apply the discourse analysis as a research method. I am going to use formal political programs, historical documents as secondary sources and other publications dedicated to this historical period. The main research question will primarily concerned with issues of institutional organizations, competences, government structures, Czechoslovakism or autonomous requirements. I will search for all terms related to these topics in political programs. I will be interested in issues relating to the Slovak question. I will focus on the differences between Slovak and countrywide's political parties. The data will be evaluated and compared to each other in the conclusion.
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Velvet Revolution: A Gender Perspective
Fišerová, Anna ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor's thesis seeks to introduce a new perspective on one of the most important episodes in the era of modern Czech history - the Velvet Revolution - and it looks at its events through "gender lens". The events happening in the last two months of the year 1989 led to the fall of the communist regime in the former Czechoslovakia. This development would not be possible without the men and women active in then "revolutionary structures" such as Civic Forum or the students movement. It is the active participation of women that this thesis concerns itself with. The aim is not only to find out whether women engaged to the same extent as men but also if it is possible to typify their activities. It also tries to discover whether gender stereotypes played some role in the process of eventual typification - the question is if there was a division of labour based on gender within the revolutionary structures. In the theoretical part, the thesis operates with the concepts of gender and gender stereotypes and the ideology of separate spheres. In the empirical part, it introduces the outcomes of analysis of my own qualitative research - personal half-structured interviews conducted with active women participants of the Velvet Revolution.
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Contemporary course and selected problems of Czech migration policy
Auer, Tomáš ; Šánová, Lucie (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Contemporary course and selected problems of Czech migration policy" examines the development of migration and migration policy in the Czech Republic since the 90th of the 20th century. It focuses both on immigration and the integration folder of migration policy, outlines the basic migration flows to our country and states actual numbers of foreigners. It deals with the current settings of migration rules on the example of the main legislative document - the Act on the Residence of Foreign Nationals. In addition to the general description of this thesis deals with some of the problems associated with the practical performance of migration policy and trying to figure out the cause of these problems and propose some effective solutions, if possible. The main problematic aspect examined in this thesis is a way of proof of income and means in applications for long-term residence in the Czech Republic, where documents across different purposes are and by different possibilities how to fake these documents, put them in a false or incomplete information. Specific data were obtained from individual research derived from more than three hundred applications for the issue or extension of long-term residence in the Czech Republic.
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Consociational theory - Libanon case study
Coufal, Ondřej ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with contribution of Consociational theory for Lebanon in 1943 till 1975 and during a follow-up state's reconstruction in 1989 after a civil war. In 1943 Lebanon becomes an independent state for the first time and its political system contained Consociational principles described by Netherland's political scientist Arend Lijphart. Those were present in order to keep the system stable despite wide religious fragmentation which was the Lebanon's case. The possibility of taking part in political decision making had all of the relevant groups. Institutional organization matched the basic Consociational conditions but the society was divided ideologically and socially. Arab nationals appeared among the Muslims whilst the Christians rather advanced the Lebanese nationalism. Problems were also brought together with a bad socioeconomic situation which was mostly a disadvantage for Muslims. Already a situation this difficult was intensified by a long-termed Arab-Israeli conflict and the Palestinian migration in Lebanon going along with it. The aim of this thesis is to find out how the elites dealt with such a difficult situation in 1943 till 1975 then to evaluate the presence of Consociational principles and their contribution.
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Different Approach or Barriers of power?
Jansová, Kateřina ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
Representation of women in the lowest floor of Czech politics (the smallest municipalities) is percent higher than representation of women in the highest elected political office at the central level. There is a rule: the higher function, the smaller the percentage of women. This thesis focuses on reciprocal proportion between power importance of the political function and the percentage of women engaged in political office. The thesis search for answer to the question: What are the reasons of the reciprocal proportion between power importance of political function and the percentage of men and women who perform a given function? The goal of the thesis is find why the women are represented in the functions of the lower floors of politics more than the upper floors.
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