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Biomass microcogeneration unit with turbomachine
Horák, Jiří ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Škorpík, Jiří (advisor)
This Master´s thesis deals with a theoretical micro cogeneration unit design contains hot air microturbine using energy from biomass. In the first part of the thesis there are model examples of energy consumption in typical family or apartment houses. In the next part there is the overview of micro cogeneration commercial units which can be used in model examples of a family or apartment housing. According to the assignment of this thesis and based on the analysis of model examples a new cogeneration system is designed. The last part of the thesis deals with the economic evaluation of the new cogeneration system compared with commercial systems.
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Repair of the turbine housing
Jelínek, Tomáš ; Novotný, Zdeněk (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the repair of a steam backpressure single-stage turbine. This thesis is assigned to a specific Spilling turbine case. A revisional report of this turbine with repair or exchange suggestions of demaged turbine parts is processed. In addition, a simulation of the contact pressure is carried out on the split plane of the housing. Structural modifications are designed and simulated to increase the parting plane's tightness. Further, the calculation of the tightening torque of the split plane is performed and a control thermodynamic and strength calculation of the labyrinth seals is performed.
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Small hydro-power plant
Jedlička, Rostislav ; Pospíšil, Jiří (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
Rostislav Jedlička: Small hydro power plant. Bachalor's work of bachalor's studies of 3th year. School year 200/2008, educational gruoup 3P/12. FSI VUT in Brno, institute of energy, department of energy and proces equipment, December 2007. This project, which has been elaborated in frame ofbachaleor's studies department of energy and proces equipment is submitting the desing of Small hydro power plant. Contains of this work is recherche small hydro power plants, count existing SHP, optimalization and evaluation of operation.
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Steam turbine for biomass power plant
Chumchal, Ondřej ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with the design of a steam turbine for a biomass unit in two alternative solutions, with and without gearbox, for a given 30 MW clamp power. The design of both solutions works with the same heat cycle scheme, but the parameters at the low-pressure heater or at the inlet to the feed tank differ depending on the steam conditions in the turbine intakes. In the first part of the paper, a thermal balance scheme with low pressure regeneration is proposed and the steam flow through the turbine is calculated. Both variants have three unregulated bleeds, one of which is led to the degasification feed tank. For both variants a regulative stage is designed using impulse system of blading and a stage section using reactive blading. The work also includes the determination of axial force and the associated design of the balancing piston and gland steam system. Appropriate bearings were selected for the given force stresses. A graphical comparison of the two variants is presented in the paper, together with the operating characteristics. Finally, a conceptual section drawing of the steam turbine was made. The result is a turbine without gearbox with 36 stages and an efficiency of 82%, then with gearbox at 5400 min-1 with 27 stages and a thermodynamic efficiency of 86.7%.
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Steam turbine for SMR
Guliš, Jan ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the design of condensing steam turbine for small modular reactor (SMR) with nominal heat power of 250 MW. Steam turbine is designed in two variants. The first variant operates with all the heat power of nuclear reactor. In the second variant the heat power is equally divided into two identical steam turbines so the designed turbine process half of the heat power. In the first part of the paper the haet balance diagrams with low pressure regeneration are proposed. In both cases the turbine has a total of four bleeds. Three bleeds for low pressure heaters and one bleed for degasification system in feed water tank. Both turbines are designed with an impulse stage and reaction blading. Turbine that processes all the heat power is designed without gearbox at nominal rpm of 3000, contains 15 stages and achieves a clamp power of 71,11 MW. Turbine that operates with half of the heat power is designed with a gearbox at nominal rpm of 4500, has 14 stages and clamp power of 34,91 MW. The consumption characteristics are created for both of designed steam turbines. Drawing of the turbine section is attached to the thesis.
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Design of gland steam system for steam turbine
Skopal, Jiří ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The Bachelor thesis deals with the design of a gland steam system for a steam turbine. The main focus of the the thesis is the creation of a functional P&ID scheme and the development of a 3D model of the gland steam and vent steam system. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first part provides a basic description of the gland steam system, its key components, and the creation of a heat and mass balance scheme based on the input values provided by Doosan Škoda Power company. The second part involves hydraulic calculation of the piping system, including the determination of nominal pipe sizes. The third part is dedicated to the created P&ID scheme. This section provides a detailed description of the principles and organization of the P&ID scheme using the KKS coding, as well as description of individual technological units in the P&ID scheme. The next part presents the created 3D model. Doosan Škoda Power company provided a power plant where the gland steam and vent steam piping system is modelled. The output of the 3D model includes images of the gland steam and vent steam system, as well as pipe isometrics of selected system components. The final part of the thesis includes the structural calculation of the piping system according to applicable standarts. This part verifies that the created gland steam and vent steam piping system meets safety requirements.
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Steam turbine for a waste incinerator
Balažovič, Lukáš ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The diploma thesis contains the design and comparison of two steam turbines for a waste-to-energy plant. One turbine is single shaft and the second is divided into two parts, high speed and low speed, on two separate shafts. A thermodynamic calculation of the blading of both variants is performed and subsequently evaluated. Furthermore, the axial and radial forces in the turbine are calculated, based on which suitable bearings are selected. At the end of the thesis, a simplified economic comparison is made for the winter operation when the steam goes to the central heating system. In the case of the single shaft turbine, about 10 % of the steam is thwarted in the low pressure section of the turbine, while in the second variant all the steam goes to the heat exchanger. Based on the design, three conceptual drawings are drawn.
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Spectroelectrochemistry of 1,10-phenantrolines Substituted by Pyrrolidine and Phenothiazine Redox-active Units
Sokolová, Romana ; Wantulok, J. ; Fiedler, Jan ; Nycz, J. ; Degano, I.
Compounds based on 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) and their complexes are used in many fields, such as a stabilizing agent in the synthesis of nanoparticles, catalysts in homogeneous catalysis and as a semiconductor in organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) due to their coordination abilities. In this work, 1,10-phenanthrolines functionalized by pyrrolidine and phenothiazine units were studied by electrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammetry resulted in several oxidation and reduction voltammetric peaks. Structure-activity relationship was investigated using in situ spectroeletrochemistry, spectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy and chromatography.
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Changes in biological monitoring of running waters using benthos with respect to diatoms
Fiedler, Jan ; Kulichová, Jana (advisor) ; Tichá, Anna (referee)
This work focuses on the development of a methodological approach to biomonitoring of running waters using benthic organisms. It discusses the development from methods focused on determining organisms by their external appearance to modern biomonitoring based on the determination of organisms by eDNA metabarcoding. Modern metagenomic methods (genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics) are also mentioned. This thesis compares the development of ecological status assessment of freshwater ecosystems using diatoms and invertebrates. It also describes the common points of their methodological development. Another outcome of the comparison is information on which hydrochemical and geochemical environmental factors can be easily monitored by diatoms and which by macroscopic invertebrates. Furthermore, a prognosis for the further development of biomonitoring is mentioned in the conclusion. It is formulated as a synthesis of traditional methods based on morphological species determination, biomonitoring 2.0 (using eDNA metabarcoding) and metagenomic methods. Key words: autecology, morphospecies, sequencing, biotic index, pollution
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Retrofit steam turbine 210 MW
Sedláček, Tomáš ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with the retrofit of a three-body condensing steam turbine with an output of 210 MW. The first part deals with the thermal diagram, which is designed with seven unregulated steam extractions and one extraction for degassing. The mass flow is determined here on the basis of the required power and three thermal diagrams are made for different outputs. In the next part, the regulation stage in the A-wheel design was designed, including the strength control. The main subject is the design of the stage part, which is divided into preliminary and a detailed calculation relating only to the high pressure section of the steam turbine. During the optimization phase, a detailed calculation is linked to the thermal diagram and the regulation stage. The resulting blading of the HP section is optimized based on the selected properties, including strength control. An orientation design of the compensating piston together with the sealing system is also included, for selected diameters, due to the unknown action of the axial force from the MP and LP section. Furthermore, a strength check of the inner nodes of the existing body of the high-pressure section is performed, where the need to use the inner body arises. The designed HP section, including the regulation stage, achieves an internal power of 69,5 MW, an internal thermodynamic efficiency of 92 % and a reheat factor of 1,0168.
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