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Legal aspects of alternative fuels' use in transport
Straka, Jakub ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee)
Legal aspects of alternative fuels' use in transport Abstract What connects solar energy, palm oil and the construction of the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline? All these topics have one common denominator, i.e. alternative fuels. This group of fuels, which is represented by electricity, hydrogen or biomethane, has the ambition to replace fossil fuels and reduce the negative environmental effects of the sectors of the economy where fossil fuels are used - in transport and energy. This thesis focuses on the transport sector and pursues two lines. The first part of the text examines, by using the example of biofuels, natural gas and electricity, whether and to what extent alternative fuels fulfill the purpose of the alternative in relation to oil-based fuels. The principle of energy security and the principle of sustainable development in its environmental and economic aspects are used as a benchmark. In the second part, this thesis pays attention to legal instruments that determine the future of alternative fuels. Specifically, emission limits for passenger cars and light-duty vehicles and financial support for alternative fuels at all stages of their life cycle are analyzed. The purpose of this work is to capture the momentum of the ongoing legislative development in the field of alternative fuels, to try to...
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Mapping the History and Future of Carbon Taxation in the EU: Carbon Tax and Subsidiarity Principle
Vrbová, Zuzana ; Sobotka, Michal (advisor) ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee)
Mapping the History and Future of Carbon Taxation in the EU: Carbon Tax and Subsidiarity Principle Abstract With the growing awareness of climate change impacts, policymakers around the world are trying to develop legislation that would tackle the issue in the most effective manner. They often choose economic regulatory tools such as carbon tax. This thesis is primarily focused on the possibility to establish a common carbon tax legal framework at the EU level. It argues that there are multiple obstacles to it which often stem from the past and current understanding of the subsidiarity principle. Therefore, the objective of the thesis is to show how these obstacles can be overcome while still preserving the fundamental principles the Union is based on. In the first part, theories regarding carbon tax and subsidiarity principle are explained. After that, relevant pieces of the EU legislation and policy documents are analyzed. Finally, the application of tools found in these documents which, theoretically, enable the adoption of the common tax framework is evaluated. The analysis has shown that the adoption of a common EU carbon tax framework is achievable. Yet, it would be problematic to obtain unanimity in the Council which is likely needed for this legislation to be passed. The EU primary law includes...
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Hunting law as a tool for environmental protection
Sehnalová, Jana ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee)
Hunting law as a tool for environmental protection In the scope of three main chapters, introduction and conclusion, the thesis attempts to capture the relationship between the Czech hunting legislation and nature conservation. The question is whether we can consider the current concept of the Hunting Act (449/2001 Sb.) as one of the tools of environmental protection. For the elaboration I based the research, among other things, on my personal experience with pro-landscape hunting in the vicinity of the village Vinaře, Central Bohemia. Furthermore, I elaborated on interesting cases of judicial and administrative practice and, last but not least, I took into account the relevant legal norms and appropriate literature or professional texts. The first chapter deals in more detail with the very concept of hunting, including various interpretations and therefore also meanings. The second part of the first chapter describes - rather briefly - the history of hunting predominantly in the Czech territory. In this context, greater emphasis is placed primarily on the first signs of nature protection. The next chapter follows the very essence of the monography, namely the role of hunting in environmental protection. I pay special attention to the hunting ground and game in this regard. One of the separate...
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Cars as sources of polluting substances and greenhouse gases in the light of legislation
Vodička, Jiří ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee)
Submitted thesis focuses on a topic which cannot be described as classical legal topic in the Czech Republic. Nevertheless, in times of climate change and general need of shift to zero emission transportation and sustainable development of our society, this topic is very much needed. The thesis provides a general framework of type approval legislation of new vehicles of the EU and national legal system with an emphasis on test cycles such as WLTP and RDE. The thesis analyses Euro emission norms which define thresholds for polluting substances from exhaust fumes and at the same time analyses union legal regulation of CO2 emissions from new vehicles. To fully develop zero emission transportation, it is necessary to have sufficient corresponding infrastructure (e.g. charging stations). Because of this dissertation focuses on legislation concerning alternative infrastructure and selected alternative fuels. The thesis also analyses specific legal instruments (direct and indirect) which could be used as tools for the development of zero emission transportation and for improvement of air quality, especially in urban areas. Within indirect legal instruments, state aid and other financial incentives which can promote the development of zero emission transport are analysed. Direct legal instruments such as...
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Legal regulation of hunting rights in the Czech Republic and its further perspectives
Drahorád, Jiří ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee)
Development of legal regulation of gamekeeping in the Czech Republic and its further perspectives The topic of this diploma thesis is the development of legal regulation of gamekeeping in the Czech Republic and its further perspectives. Its main goal is to describe and evaluate the development of legislation of gamekeeping in the Czech Republic, to point out the most important milestones in its history, which are also reflected in current legislation and whose knowledge is necessary to understand today's gamekeeping. Next, to critically evaluate the current legal regulation of gamekeeping especially in terms of legal theory and hunting practice, link its wording with valid case law and other legislation, warn against its deficiencies and, last but not least, in selected areas to determine the direction in which Czech gamekeeping legislation should be further developed in order to preserve wild animals as a renewable natural resource and gamekeeping tradition for future generations. The work is divided into four main chapters, the first deals with the historical development of gamekeeping in the Czech Republic and is further divided into individual subchapters according to the most important legal acts during the development of gamekeeping legislation, that is, from about the middle of the tenth...
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Legal regulation of protection of wild bird species
Kubešová, Jana ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee)
Legal regulation of protection of wild bird species Abstract This thesis deals with legal regulation of protection of wild bird species at the international, European and Czech level. The aim of the thesis was to provide an overview of legal regulation of protection of wild bird species, and to evaluate whether this legal regulation is an effective means of achieving objectives which led to its adoption. The thesis consists of an introduction, three main parts and a conclusion. The first part of the thesis describes protection of birds in international law. In this part of the thesis there are first introduced international organizations important for protection of birds, in particular International Union for Conservation of Nature and BirdLife International, and then in the author's opinion the most relevant international conventions to protection of birds, namely the Ramsar Convention, the Bonn Convention, the Bern Convention and the Convention on Biological Diversity. The following second part of the thesis focuses on protection of birds in European law. In this part of the thesis legal regulation of protection of wild bird species in Directive 2009/147/EC (the Birds Directive) is described in detail including the related case law of Court of Justice of the European Union. The author pays attention...
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A single-speed gearbox made by 3D printing
Hykolli, Denis ; Jaroš, Aleš (referee) ; Fiala, Zdeněk (advisor)
The aim of these theses was the creation of a single-stage gearbox by additive technology FDM / FFF. By chosen values was made dimension calculation for gears. The 3D model of the gearbox was designed in 3D software Autodesk Inventor. Single parts were produced on an FDM 3D printer by Prusa Research. Manufacturing programs for parts were prepared in PrusaSlicer. These programs were used for producing individuals parts on 3D Printer. Transparent material and printing parameters for the top of the gearbox were chosen by visual test and test of light intensity. The total cost of model production is calculated in the work. The result of these is a completely working model of a single-stage gearbox with a transparent top of the gearbox.
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Implementation of the VERICUT System into the Technological Process of Production
Gerbel, Jakub ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee) ; Slaný, Martin (advisor)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is implementation of the VERICUT verification system into the manufacturing process in cooperation with company JHV Engineering. Based on the theoretical analysis is performed practical part. The 3D model of the CNC machining center was modeled in system Creo Parametric and its kinematic were compiled in the environment of VERICUT system. After evaluation the results, it turned out that there are some deviations between the simulation and the real process. By creating such an exact virtual copy of the machine, or digital twin, collisions can eliminated and production can be planned more efficiently
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A universal milling machine with the 4th axis controlled by a divider
Chladil, Jan ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kalivoda, Milan (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with types and facilities of applying the dividing head on the universal milling machines. Basic types of milling machines and ways of dividing are introduced. The topic includes types of cutting tools which are often used together with the dividing head and the universal milling machine. Appropriate cases in which it is possible to use the dividing head these days are presented, sometimes in connection with computer numerical control machines. The process of angular rotation of a workpiece is illustrated on a shaft during production of straight-sided splines on the universal milling machine.
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The applications of the Human Biomonitoring Method for estimation of exposure and load of the Czech Population and International Comparison
Forysová, Kateřina ; Černá, Milena (advisor) ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee) ; Mráz, Jaroslav (referee)
Human biomonitoring (HBM) is an important tool for monitoring human exposure to chemical pollutants from the environment and their possible adverse effects on the health of the population. HBM is defined as the monitoring and quantification of environmental chemicals, their metabolites or other changes related to exposure in human body fluids and tissues. The monitored biomarkers in this work are cadmium, mercury, cotinine and metabolites of phthalates. While mercury and cadmium are long-term biomarkers in the Czech Republic, cotinine and phthalate metabolites were determined for the first time. The presented work was a part of the pilot international study DEMOCOPHES, which focused on determining the exposure of increasingly susceptible population groups to the mentioned chemical noxas. In this work, the exposure of Czech children and their mothers living in urban and rural environments and the influence of environmental factors, lifestyle and social status on this burden were monitored. Another aim of the work was to compare the results of mercury and cadmium concentrations from the DEMOCOPHES project with the results obtained within the Health Monitoring System in relation to the population of the population in the Liberec Region in the years 1996 - 2016. The results showed that the levels of Cd...
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