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Impact of The Great Depression on Czechoslovak mechanical engineering in 20s and 30s of the 20th century
Herna, Marek ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the situation of Czechoslovak industry in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century, especially mechanical engineering. Emphasis is placed on the effects of the Great Depression and the related anti-crisis measures in the industry. I analysed the direct impact of the crisis on various engineering companies. The theoretical part is devoted to the theory of state intervention in the economy and the development of Czechoslovak industry in the 20s and 30s. The analytical part is dedicated to anti-crisis measures in the industry, analyzes the direct impact of the crisis on the industry and selected engineering companies. It also describes the strategy of companies during the crisis. The main goal of the research is to determine that the structure of Czechoslovak industrial production was before the crisis fairly outdated and new industries still fall short of major proportions. The economic crisis has led to changes in the industry structure and the growing importance of new industries. I confirmed the hypothesis that the anti-crisis policy of the government was not effective enough and the measures taken had a negative impact on corporate strategy.
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Process of reconstruction and development in the Czechoslovak State Railways during the time of two-year plan and first five-year plan
Koníček, Štěpán ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
In this bachelor thesis is analysed the process of reconstruction and development in the Czechoslovak State Railways during the time of two-year plan and first five-year plan. In the theoretical part of the thesis are described the historical context of the first post-war years, the theory of central-planning system, the main goals of the two-year plan and five-year plan and importance of the transport infrastructure in the economy. The practical part is devoted to organizational changes and projects after 1945 within enterprise Czechoslovak State Railways. On the basis of historical budgets and reports about the performance in the two-year plan and five-year plan are compared their main successes and failures in the framework of rail transport. Although there was success in achieving of specified performance plans, there had been also delays in construction work and the problems resulting from the shortage of railway wagons.
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Spanish economic miracle on the example of tourism
Jozífková, Tereza ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
This master thesis deals with the topic of the so called Spanish economic miracle. It describes vast economic changes which started in the 1960s in Spain. The thesis offers a political context of dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1939-1975) and a review of economic development before and during this phenomenon (which is the most discussed). The economic boom is illustrated on an example of tourism. The thesis describes development of tourism and connection between tourism and the so called economic miracle.
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Application the broken window fallacy on the terrorist attacks of 9/11/2001 in the United States of America
Weiss, Daniel ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
This thesis deals with terrorist attacks of 9/11/2001 in the United States of America. The goal is to analyze the selected economic impacts of the terrorist attacks and apply broken window fallacy on this disaster. The method of the study is comparison and analysis of macroeconomic impacts. Research confirms quarterly decrease in GDP, increase in unemployment rate and larger deficit in federal budget. The correlation between these attacks and subprime mortgage crisis is proved in this study. Last but not least negative impacts on aviation industry, financial markets, which led to drop in gross private domestic investment, insurance industry and on the whole tourism in the USA, especially decline in arrival tourists are examined. According to negative impacts that terrorist attacks had on economy of the United States of America, my hypothesis confirms the existence of the broken window fallacy.
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Transformation of Czechoslovakia in comparison with Poland and Hungary
Fingerhut, Tomáš ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
The object of the present bachelor thesis is the comparison of process of transformation in Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland. The aim of the thesis is the comparison of initial state of the economies at the beginning and during the process of transformation. On the grounds of the comparison is evaluated if the initial state influenced the form and the development of the transformation. The main part comprises the analysis in particular countries. In last part of the thesis is drawn the comparison between Czechoslovakian, Hungarian and Polish transformation based on macroeconomic indicators. At the end of the thesis is the comparison of reform process, which enables the transformation from centrally planned system to the market system.
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Impacts of the Great Depression on the Czechoslovak Industry and Agriculture in the 30s of the 20th century
Suchá, Monika ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is analyse impacts of the Great Depression on Czechoslovak economy. Main attention is devoted to industry and agriculture. This thesis also describes real measures which were introduced in those sectors of Czechoslovak economy. Those measures are also critically evaluated. Unlike the major part of studies, the Great Depression is researched from the perspective of Czechoslovak economists and economic theorists. The Great Depression is described in context of Czechoslovak political spectrum. The main theory of the thesis is statement that Czechoslovak government has chosen correct measures for stabilization the Czechoslovakian economy. Nevertheless I disprove this thesis in the end. Based on comparison with industrial and agricultural production indexes I found that worse impact of crisis was at industry than agriculture.
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Poverty during Great Society - American victory in a war on their home soil?
Peterka, Šimon ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the program of War on Poverty declared by president Lyndon Baines Johnson as part of his vision of the Great Society in the sixties in the United States. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the estabilished programs to fight poverty and evaluate their impact on the poor and nonpoor parts of the American society. Absolute poverty in the United States demostrably fell during Johnson's presidency but relative poverty remained largely unaffected. Absolute poverty indicators could have also been affected by economic growth. Several demographical groups undoubtedly profited from Johnson's programs, though, and many programs remain popular to this day.
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Hong Kong Economic Development: From the Beginning of the Reform Process in the PRC to the Creation of the Special Administrative Region of the PRC (1979-1997)
Vilt, Lukáš ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
This work deals with an economic development of Hong Kong between 1979 and 1997 and tries to find the sources and causes of rapid economic growth over this period. Major hypothesis of this paper is that amongst the dominant influences of this economic growth belong low regulations and weak state interventions in the market, which are linked with the size of the public sector and the tax burden, and alternative form of banking. This hypothesis has been partly proven especially in low regulations and taxes, which supported both domestic and foreign trade and enabled the further development of the banking sector. Besides the public sector and the banking, the work also deals with the development of the international trade with the focus on the commercial and financial flows between Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China. In this case the re-export of Chinese goods proved to be the key factor, on which Hong Kong increasingly profited since the half of the eighties. International trade and cooperation with the PRC has even proved as the main sources of the rapid economic growth, which was only supported by other factors.
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Institucional Dynamics of Swedish Welfare State in the 20th Century
Šetele, Adam ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
In my thesis I focus on the concept of the Swedish welfare state, which many economists consider as a conclusive evidence that an extensive welfare state is fully compatible with a growing and competitive economy. The main hypothesis is that institutions of the welfare state leads in time to a continual pressure on change of overall condition of all social structures, expansion of the public sector, its overuse and increasing inefficiency. I examine a period from about 1850, when Sweden began to rapidly develop until the turn of the 20th and 21st century, when the Swedish welfare state fell into crisis. The hypothesis is verified by using the methodological approach of induction and with theoretical framework of new institutional economics. Findings of my work shows that the success of Swedish welfare state is rather a result of specific institutional factors that were favorable to business environment for most of the modern Swedish history. On contrary, excessive social spending, high taxes and market regulation from the second half of the 20th century made the system unsustainable and pointed to the need of reformation.
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Tariff wage policy as a cause of the Great Depression on the Weimar repulic? Contribution to the Borchardt controversy
Mollová, Dita ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
The Bachelor thesis deals with Chancellor Bruning's industrial politics during Germany's great economic crisis of the 1920s and 30s. At the time, the Bruning administration ran restrictive fiscal policies and even today there is no concensus on the viability of possible alternatives. The key question remains what options did the aforementioned government possess in tackling the crisis, and to what extent was it limited by mandatory social spending, such as tariff wages. Consequently, the thesis looks at how tariff wages affected state budget and German businesses, and analyzes the extent to which Bruning's government was limited in determining restrictive policies. The benefit of the work lies in the application of tariff wage problematics onto the 1930s situation. I found out the real wages still steadily increased because of finantial market's rigidity. Together with decline in demand it deepened the crisis.
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