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Employment of people over fifty years old in Czech Republic and sustainability of the first pillar of pension system
Kašpar, Vojtěch ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on issues concerning employment of elderly people in the Czech Republic. The thesis contains main theoretical resources including demographic predictions. Furthermore analyzes macroeconomic context and the causes of employment development of people over fifty years old in last ten years. In last chapter there are described method of calculation of pension benefit, retirement age, revenues and expenses of pension system and its sustainability. This thesis verifies hypothesis that increasing retirement age could solve the sustainability problem of first pillar of pension system. In conclusion, the results of the research are evaluated.
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The effect of income inequality on the health of society
Holubovská, Barbora ; Joch, Roman (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis examines the effect of income inequality on the health of society. By examining the evolution of income inequality and health indicators (mortality, life expectancy at birth, overweight and obesity, alcohol consumption and smoking, crime and suicide) there has been found only one connection, namely between significant increase in income inequality and increasing crime rates between 1990-2000 in Czech republic. At the end of the last century there were dramatic changes which are however not on a regular basis. We can say that income inequality affects the health of society in very poor countries or when major changes in income inequality occur (changes of Gini coefficient). Other indicators did not prove any income inequality.
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Analysis of social indicators in region Pardubice during 2006 - 2011
Hermanová, Zuzana ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
This diploma work analyzes selected social indicators in region Pardubice. The aim of the diploma work is find out how the indicators developed under the influence of economic recession. Period between the years 2006 and 2011 is analyzed. The theoretical part of the diploma work is focused on characterization of selected social indicators, inception of economic recession and its impacts on the Czech republic. The practical part of the diploma work analyzes first demographic and economic situation in region Pardubice and then it analyzes selected social indicators. It compares the progress of the indicators in region Pardubice with the progress of average value of these indicators in the Czech republic. The analysis confirmed that economic recession has presumed social impacts and so it influences selected social indicators.
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Developing Africa and the Role of China
Smil, Martin ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Procházka, Pavel (referee)
Poverty in Subsaharan Africa and the role of Chine in its solution worries many supporters of current development assistance. Hypothesis: The role of China is markedly different than the help from the rest of the world, it could help the countries to find their way out of poverty but it could also damage their insitutions or worsen unemployment by importing their own labor. Main target of the asian investors is extraction of natural resources, which shows in exports. In first part of the thesis will be discussed theories of poverty and models of its solution, mainly approach of Albert O. Hirschman, Jeffrey Sachs and the World bank. Will be characterized situtation in Zambia, Nigeria and South African Republic. Then will be analysed motives and especially approach of China during its involvement in Africa with focus on beforementioned countries. The point will be to characterize and evaluate impacts of chinese investments and development assistance on economies and poverty in given countries. Mainly, if the rates of growth and structure of exports changed. Will be used databases of UNCTAD and World bank. Main methods will be analysis and iduction.
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Unemployment in Terms of Choice of Political Parties
Hromádko, Martin ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
The thesis deals with the relationship between unemployment and the electoral results of the political parties in the Czech Republic. For this purpose data on election results for individual political parties and available economic and demographic data from the electoral districts of the Czech Republic from 1996 -- 2010 are analyzed. Data are analyzed by using a linear regression model, which is estimated using ordinary least squares method. The results confirm the apparent relationship between electoral results and the unemployment rate in the districts, which significantly increases the electoral support of the left-wing parties and hurts right-wing. The thesis also found some support for the theory of economic voting and there is evidence that an increase in unemployment in the short term of one year before the election reduces support for incumbent parties. This dependence, however, is clearly demonstrated only in the case of left-wing government and not as obvious in the case of right-wing government.
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Effectiveness of retraining courses in the Pribram district in 2008-2011
Servus, Martin ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of effectiveness and intention of retraining courses in the Pribram district in 2008-2011. In the Pribram district an observation has been made, a growth accounting of unemployment, a significant decrease of free jobs and increase of long-term unemployed workers. Effectiveness and intention of the retraining courses have been evaluated with the help of targeting index and gross effect. Each year after taking the retraining course at least 65% of workers have found a job withing 12 months. Non-reciprocal proportion had been observed between the attained age and highness of gross effect and reciprocal proportion between the educational level and highness of gross effect. In the district there have been no signs of queue theories. During the crisis, the disadvantaged population had noticed a increase in the success of job hunting. The analysis of targeting index discovered in activities of the authorities signs of 'creaming off' effect. In the participation of the retraining courses, more perspective candidates have been selected, compared to those candidates who needed the most support. The data source for this thesis had been the integrated portal MPSV, ČSÚ and the Labour office in Pribram.
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The issue of employment of persons with disabilities within the existing legal system of the Czech Republic
Dík, Lukáš ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of employment of people with disabilities. The first part is devoted to employment policy and development approach to this group of people. Further, a definition of persons with disabilities and different elements active policy which is seeking to become motivated to greater employment of disabled people. The central part is a questionnaire survey and analysis, including the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. The work also contains recommended legislative changes, the list of attachments, which are included in the individual questionnaires and graphical and tabular outputs of development in terms of employment of people with disabilities.
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Regulation of pharmaceutical prices
Klingerová, Eliška ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
This study is aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of state intervention in the form of pharmaceutical external price referencing (EPR) in selected EU countries, as well as the description of drug policy and EPR in the analyzed countries. Among the analyzed countries, the United Kingdom and Sweden have been selected as representatives who don't use EPR regulation. On the other hand, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Austria, Spain and the Netherlands are countries that regulate using EPR. The prices of selected pharmaceutical products in all of those states are converted into producer prices, on which most countries concentrate EPR. Prices are analyzed after the conversion of nominal and real exchange rates. The lowest prices are found in the Netherlands and the UK. This proves that EPR doesn't bring lower prices for medicine in the countries which use it. Further rankings vary based on the exchange rates used. The paper also analyzes the achievement of price ceilings in the Czech Republic, where the maximum prices set by regulators of EPR (including VAT) are compared with the average prices in pharmacies. All analyzed medicinal product prices are below the ceilings, which also proves the ineffectiveness of this intervention.
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THE ROLE OF EUROPEAN FUNDS IN DEALING WITH THE UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE DISTRICT OF CESKA LIPA WITHIN THE PERIOD 2007 - 2011
Chromáčková, Klára ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Szabová, Lucia (referee)
The thesis deals with unemployment in the district of Ceska Lipa within the period 2007 -- 2011. During this time, two of main employers in the region dismissed large number of its employees. The massive layoffs during the economic crisis meant significant increase in the unemployment rate, especially when a number of vacancies was declining. Thus, labour office in Ceska Lipa decided to use resources from the European Social Fund and implement projects called "Restart for Ceskolipsko" and "Restart means a new chance" The thesis deals with the impact of these project on unemployment in the district, quantifies the costs of projects, how many participants within the projects succeeded or failed to employ. In addition, the aim of this thesis is to find out whether the projects implementation affected the occupational structure in the district, early retirement and the development of labor conditions in the region.
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Endangered groups of people on the labour market with respect to persons older than 50 years
Urbanová, Lucie ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Křížek, Josef (referee)
Economic cycle has significantly affected the national as well as the international labour market and has caused increased unemployment which primarily concerns endangered groups of people on the labour market. This Thesis is based on the hypothesis that persons older than 50 years are more prone to be socially excluded due to long-term unemployment and a more complex return to job than younger groups of people. With respect to the continuous aging population and prolongation of retirement age, it is necessary to analyse the obstacles and options leading to longer job engagement. The theoretical part of the Thesis characterises the labour market and its imperfections using a descriptive method. In the analytical part, effectiveness and purposefulness of the tool of active employment politics in Jindřichův Hradec are investigated. Evaluation of the analysis follows. The major aim of this Diploma Thesis is to identify the status of the social group in question in the Czech labour market via secondary analysis and also to evaluate to what extend active employment politics contributes to such a status in the regional labour market in Jindřichův Hradec.
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