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Impact of smoking on cancer incidence in Czechia
Dušková, Kristýna ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Pánková, Alexandra (referee)
Abstact This thesis investigate the impact of smoking on the development of cancer. The main goal of this thesis is to determine the effect of smoking on the development of cancer in Czechia in the years 1978, 1988, 1998, 2008 and 2018 with a focus on differences in time, gender and age groups. The secondary goal of the thesis is to determine the distribution of smoking prevalence by gender, age groups and level of education, as well as the dependence of smoking prevalence on the level of education, social differences in the influence of smoking on cancer. The analytical part of the work uses the method of age-standardized incidence rate, population attributable fraction and the method of binary logistic regression. Data from the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, the Czech Statistical Office and Eurostat were used for the analysis. It has been shown that the prevalence of smoking depends on the level of education, where the probability of smoking is higher in people with a lower level of education than in people with a high level of education. In Czechia, between 1978 and 2018, the impact of smoking on the development of cancer decreased. While the impact of smoking on the development of cancer decreased in men, it was possible to observe an increase of the impact of...
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A Potential Neuroprotective Action of Ghrelin on Dopaminergic Neurons Transplanted into the 6-hydroxydopamine Lesioned Rat
Dušková, Kristýna ; Fikrová, Petra (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative chronic disorder which is characterised by loss of dopamine in nigrostriatal pathway in the brain. One of the alternative therapies is transplantation of embryonic ventral mesencephalon tissue to the affected brain area but currently grafted cells do not survive the transplantation process very well. Ghrelin, which has neuroprotective properties could be a potential additional treatment after transplantation with the intention of increasing the number of live cells in the graft. The aim of this study was to elucidate a presence of ghrelin receptor in embryonic ventral mesencephalon used in transplantation and assess behavior of rats after transplantation. Immunocytochemistry was performed for ghrelin receptor, ghrelin-O-acetyl transferase, tyrosine hydroxylase and for neural and stem cell markers in embryonic ventral mesencephalon suspension. 50 Sprague-Dawley rats with 6-hydroxy- dopamine lesions were split into five groups; Group A was non-transplanted group, other groups underwent transplantation of embryonic ventral mesencephalon and received diverse treatments (ghrelin agonist, low doses of ghrelin, high doses of ghrelin or saline1 ). Behavior of all animals was assessed by motor tests pre- transplantation and 4 weeks, 6 week and 8 weeks after...
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