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Human Presence Detection and Applications in Smart Home Environments
Dostál, Pavel ; Juránek, Roman (referee) ; Černocký, Jan (advisor)
Práce se zabývá studiem detekce a rozpoznávání člověka a následnou implementací v prostředí softwaru Home Manager, což je projekt simulující chytrý dům s intelligentními zařízeními. Rozšíření o funkcionalitu rozpoznání uživatelů a narušitelů umožní lépe přizpůsobit chování zařízení preferencím jednotlivých osob. Použití rozpoznávání je demonstrováno na ukázce ovládání klimatizace v místnostech podle přítomnosti uživatelů.
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New ways in manufacturing and construction of mould for wax casting
Dostál, Pavel ; Sedlák, Josef (referee) ; Zouhar, Jan (advisor)
The aim of this work is to compare technology of silicon and aluminium moulds used to make castings using technology of cire perdue with single – piece work. The work itself deals with physical production of silicon mould in vacuum casting system, shaping aluminium mould using CNC machine and subsequent casting of wax models into these moulds. It also handles with physical production of one piece by shaping. It contains background research of the method lost wax casting manufacturing aluminium and silicon moulds and last but not least of Rapid Prototyping technology for producing master model.
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Kvalita vládnutí a výdaje na obranu
Dostál, Pavel
The thesis examines two phenomena, namely defence spending and the quality of governance. The selected countries in which these two phenomena are examined in this thesis are selected countries of different world organizations or geograph-ical regions. To fully understand the issue, a section of the thesis is devoted to the description of the selected regions and their evolution. Subsequently, the phenom-ena of governance quality are described, and their determinants are examined. Both phenomena and their development are studied separately and then their in-terdependence and connection is examined. The conclusion is devoted to an as-sessment of the connection between the two issues.
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The effect of tracheal tube clamping and its influence on lung ventilation physiology in critically ill patients
Minaříková, Petronela ; Zvoníček, Václav (advisor) ; Dostál, Pavel (referee)
v AJ The Master's thesis explores the effect of endotracheal tube (ETT) clamping on the physiology of lung ventilation in critically ill patients. In the theoretical part, I first discuss artificial pulmonary ventilation and the reasons for its use, describing the ventilation circuit, its composition and the possibilities for the involvement of its components, which are the reason for its periprocedural disconnection in nursing care. I explain in more detail the recruitment/derecruitment issues and in a separate chapter I explain the principles and use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Finally, I explain the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) method used. The main aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of EIT clamping in intubated patients during short-term periprocedural procedures as well as its influence on the development of atelectasis and intraluminal shunt. Four patients requiring connection to artificial pulmonary ventilation were included in the study population, from whom a total of eight measurements were obtained by EIT. Ventilation values were read during data recovery from arterial and venous Astrup scores collected before and after intervention. The results show that clamping the ETT during periprocedural disconnection of the ventilation circuit ensures a smaller...
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Resuscitation procedures development and the level of knowledge of non - medical hospital attendants
Morkusová, Kateřina ; Fejfarová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Dostál, Pavel (referee) ; Kupečková, Ivana (referee)
The title of the Bacheloŕs theses: Resusciatation procedures development and the level of knowledge of non - medical hospital attendants. In the theoretical part of my work I deal with the resusciatation procedures development from the beginning to the year 2005 when The European Council for Resusciatation issued new recommendations for help in the case of a sudden circulation failure and life - threatening situations - so called Guideliness 2005. In the empirical part of my research I would like to use an anonymous questionnaire to find out the level of knowledge of resusciatation procedures of non - medical hospital attendants. In the conclusion of my work I compare the research results between the Liberec Regional Hospital and the Medical First - aid Service of the Liberec Region.
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The role of nurse anaesthetists in a multidisciplinary team and their care for patients
Šustrová, Martina ; Vachková, Eva (advisor) ; Dostál, Pavel (referee) ; Kupečková, Ivana (referee)
Author: Martina Šustrová Department: Institute of Social Medicine Charles University in Prague Fakulty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Department of nursing Title of thesis: The role of nurse anaesthetists in a multidisciplinary team and their care for patients Consultant: Mgr. Eva Vachková Number of pages: 99 Number of appendices: 5 Session: 2011 Key words: anaesthesia, nurse anaesthetist, multidisciplinary team, teamwork, team roles SUMMARY: This work describes the role of nurse anaesthetists in a multidisciplinary team in operating rooms and their care for patients. The theoretical part defines the concept of anaesthesia; it deals with its history and present. It describes the role of nurse anesthetists, which is defined by their education, competences, and job description. Patient care in the operating room is influenced by communication and the level of cooperation among the members of multidisciplinary team. The empirical part of this work is based on quantitative research and its method of non-standard questionnaire. The research depicts the current position of nurse anaesthetists in a multidisciplinary team perceived by nurses themselves and by the other members of the multidisciplinary team. Moreover, it reveals occurrence of negative and positive factors in teamwork and it finds faults...
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Influence of anesthesia type on the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction
Kletečka, Jakub ; Chytra, Ivan (advisor) ; Dostál, Pavel (referee) ; Málek, Jiří (referee)
Resume Cognitive decline is a common perioperative complication, affecting about one-quarter of patients at one week after surgery. It is a temporary disorder, which influences mainly executive functions, memory and spatial orientation. The decline is short-lived, with complete resolution in first months after surgery. Low education and higher age are the only known risk factors with hard evidence, although it can be diagnosed also in younger patients. Particularly in seniors, this disorder is associated with deterioration of the quality of life. No differences in incidence were found between general and regional anaesthesia, neither between certain anaesthetics. The only evidence-based prevention is a minimalization of the impact of surgery and anaesthesia on patients, e.g. with fast-track approach. Optimization of the depth of the anaesthesia using EEG and derived parameters is promising, but with little evidence yet. Research of the postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is significantly influenced with the heterogeneity of published studies, consensus on POCD definition and diagnostics is still missing. Another important limiting factor is a continuous change in methods and drugs in anaesthesia and perioperative care in last twenty years, and therefore comparing current results with older studies is...
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Liver and kidney dysfunction in critically ill patients. Support options and compensation functions
Kroužecký, Aleš ; Matějovič, Martin (advisor) ; Chytra, Ivan (referee) ; Viklický, Ondřej (referee) ; Dostál, Pavel (referee)
22 23 7. Summary The liver and kidney are an important organs involved in a number of biosynthetic, biotransformative, detoxifying, endocrine and immune processes and therefore it is understandable that its dysfunction is associated with adverse outcome of critically ill patients. Hepatic and renal dysfunctions in critical illness are relatively common and occur usually as a component of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the development of MODS. Among these, 1) the hypoxic component resulted from an inadequate oxygen supply to tissues, and 2) cytotoxic effects of various mediators are believed the key elements in the pathophysiology of MODS. From these complex causes of injury are probably the most therapeutically attainable the hemodynamic disturbances and maintenance of adequate organ perfusion pressure using vasopressors is one of the cornerstones of treatment of critically ill patients. Blood flow through organs is autoregulated over a wide range of mean arterial pressure (MAP). There is an agreement that under physiological conditions minimum value of MAP necessary to ensure this autoregulation is about 60- 65 mm Hg. Therefore MAP > 65 mmHg has been recommended as a goal for the vasopressor therapy in sepsis. In critical condition, however,...
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Ethical code and education
Dostál, Pavel
The theoretical part describes modern education and its outcomes. The issue of quality measurement in education on the whole is addressed while mentioning the fact that the concept of quality of education has no exact definition. Further, the basic functions of school are descibed together with their evaluation. The significant aspect of parent-school cooperation is mentioned in the context of coordinated curriculum. This theoretical framework explains the environment in which the pupil`s prosocial behaviour arises and develops further. Followingly, the standards of quality in promoting personal integrity are introduced. The standards include eleven principles which cultivate moral and ethical values in all participants of educational process. The delineation of current educational grounds and goals, along with suitable methods and sociological view of education constitute another part of the work. The sociological view ends with analysis of sustainability of morality and school role in promoting values. The ethical code is described, its definition, formation procedure, outline as well as ethical code sample for education stressing the ballance of all participants in educational process. In the next chapter, problem areas and fundamental ethical issues are defined, their solutions suggested. The...
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