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Digital twin skin of the drinking water treatment plant - development and use in practice
Sochorová, Helena ; Andreides, D. ; Hložanka, F. ; Prokopová, Michaela ; Stejskal, O. ; Chalupa, L. ; Šmejkalová, P. ; Dolejš, P.
The contribution presents experiences with the development of a digital twin for optimizing the control of the DWTP within the pilot project in the Železná Ruda locality. The digital twin consists of two components, i.e. digital documentation in the object architecture processed by the reverse engineering process, which is data-connected with the real physical infrastructure (virtual replica of the infrastructure) and a simulation tool based on a mathematical model or a neural network (simulation of the water treatment process). Both components are accessible to the user via a web application, in which one can choose from three operating states (monitoring of the real state - default, simulation of scenarios of operating settings and prediction of pressure loss).
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Improvement of Manganese Separation in Drinking Water Treatment
Bartoš, Ladislav ; Janda, Václav (referee) ; Hlaváč, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
The submitted paper covers manganese comprehensively. The introduction provides an overview of its basic physical and chemical properties. Its compounds are discussed individually, including their preparation, production, and practical uses. Furthermore, a list of analytical methods in which manganese is involved in the form of its compounds as reagents is included. The same section includes an overview of analytical methods whereby manganese and its compounds are detected, primarily in water industry processes. Attention is paid to manganese as a non-negligible constituent of the various parts of the environment. The section on manganese’s biogenic properties is interesting from the viewpoint of its toxicity as well as its role as an important biogenic element, indispensable primarily for mammals. The subsequent chapters discuss the various methods which are suitable, under specific conditions, for separation in the treatment of surface and underground water aimed at producing drinking, process, or industrial water, where a minimal concentration of this metal is required. The impact of the physical/chemical conditions which influence the efficiency of separation in a manner ranging from non-negligible to principal, is discussed further on. Given the specifics of treatment of surface [and] underground water, the chapters provide more details on the processes suitable for specific types of matrix and specific conditions. Next chapters sum up many years of the author’s observations and experiences in the various parts of the water management system, from the raw water source to treatment to distribution, focusing on surface and underground water separately. Last chapter describes the construction of a water treatment plant model, its launch and calibration, and the tests focused on separating manganese by way of coagulation using aluminium and iron sulphate.
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Removal of different species of phytoplankton by dissolved air flotation
Sukopová, Martina ; Mega, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
The work evaluates the efficiency of dissolved air flotation (DAF) in removal of various kinds of phytoplankton. As absolutely necessary in the process of water treatment proved the agglomeration phase, or coagulation and floculation. This phase neutralizes the particles so that they can fasten air bubbles. The efficiency of this process depends on several variables, though: the kind of coagulant used, dose, coagulation pH, duration of floculation and its intensity, recycle ratio and the polymer use in coagulation. The particle size volume distribution and the volume of organic matter in raw water also have certain influence on phytoplankton removal. Dissolved air flotation is currently the most suitable method of phytoplankton removal. It can remove 93-98 % of blue-green algae and even 99-99.9 % of algae. The efficiency of flotation was also compared to sedimentation for the economic reason. In the process of water treatment, the sedimentation is now being replaced by flotation.
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Spontaneous decay of ozone dissolved in water
Fendrych, Adam ; Dolejš, Petr (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
In this paper there are scientific information collected on ozone dissolution in water, its spontaneous decay in water solution and problems with analytical monitoring of these processes. Particular attention is given to impact of water properties (particularly pH value and bicarbonate concentration) on upper mentioned processes, feed gas selection, ozone generator parameters and ozone/water contacting systems.
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Adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) on granular activated carbon in the treatment of drinking water
Le Duc, Duy ; Mega, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
In the first part of this thesis the methodic of lab trial was studied, which will be useful for studying adsorption of natural organic matter by activated carbon. As an optimal method of testing adsorption characters jar testing was chosen. Again as an indicator of organic contamination, it was decided to use permanganate chemical oxygen demand (in Czech CHSKMn) will be used. In the second part of this thesis the adsorption characters of eight types of granular activated carbon were studied. Those granular activated carbon came from two world produces, from company NORIT five type of granular activated carbon were tested: NORIT GAC 1020, NORIT PK 1-3, NORIT GAC 1240, NORIT ROW 0.8 SUPRA a TOD NORIT ROX 0.8 and from company Chemviron Carbon three types of granular activated carbon were tested: F100 FE11120A, F400 FE11210A a TL830 FE2028B. Batch kinetic tests of natural organic matter adsorption were conducted with all types of granular activated carbon at first. For description of sorption not only the batch kinetic tests and duration needed for setting equilibrium were observed, but also the process decreasing of concentration of natural organic matters to the value of equilibrium concentration known as adsorption equilibrium was followed.
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Comparison of various modifications of coagulating tests
Vymazalová, Kamila ; Dolejš, Petr (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
In the theoretical part of diploma thesis is elaboreted literary search relating to problems with using of various modifications of coagulation tests. The experimental part of diploma thesis is focused on comparison of three types of coagulation tests during treatment of model water with increased content of humic matter. Concretly was compared classic jar test, modified jar test and centrifugation test. As a coagulant was used ferric sulphate. The efficiency of treatment was tested under various conditions (temperature, time of fast mixing and intensity of slow mixing). Information capability of results was evalueted on the basis of absorbance by 254 nm and 387 nm, residual concentration of iron and dichromate value. Obtained results were numerically processed and they are presented in the form of tables and graphs.
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Removal of micropolutants in drinking water treatment
Hambálková, Kateřina ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
Intrusion of pharmaceuticals into surface and drinking water is nowadays a problem, that is solved all over the world. This diploma thesis is focused on the removal of pharmaceuticals from water by coagulation. The efficiency of two coagulant agents - chitosan and ferric sulphate was compared. For comparison was used adsorption on a granular-activated-carbon. Efficiency of removal was investigated by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and HPLC.
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