|
|
Changes in stand and walking parameters in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Lukešová, Kateřina ; Opálková, Michaela (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
This thesis is devoted to changes in selected gait and stance parameters in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. In the introduction of this work, anatomy and biomechanics of the knee joint are described. Then the thesis deals with the anterior cruciate ligament injury issues, treatment options and associated risks. Last but not least, the possible influence of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on sensorimotor and neuromuscular control of human movement and posture is discussed. In the second, experimental part of the work, the objectives of the work and hypotheses are set, then the measurement methodology and results are described. At the end of the work is a discussion, in which the results of this research are compared with current studies. The measurements took place at the Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine at the Motol University Hospital using the Zebris FDM-T System. A total of 36 probands took part in the measurement, 18 of them underwent anterior cruciate ligament plastic surgery on one lower limb and another 18 represented a control group without any injury or surgery on the lower limbs. The results did not show any statistically significant differences in selected parameters of standing and walking between the experimental and control groups,...
|
|
|
The application of combination therapy in the treatment of cervical and lumbar spine pain
Zakucia, Klára ; Musilová, Mirka (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the effect of combination therapy (simultaneous application of electrotherapy and therapeutic ultrasound) in the treatment of vertebral algic syndrome in the cervical spine and lower back with a significant functional component (trigger points) without radicular symptoms. Furthermore, the effect of the treatment is compared with the effectiveness of transcutaneous electroneurostimulation. The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis is devoted to the description of the vertebral algic syndrome and the used treatment methods. The research part is focused on verifying the effects of combination therapy and transcutaneous electroneurostimulation, using each method in combination with individual therapeutic exercise. A total of twenty adult participants were included in the study, ten of whom were treated with combination therapy and ten were treated with transcutaneous electroneurostimulation. The effects of the therapies have been evaluated using selected pain questionnaire methods (visual analog scale, short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, Neck Disability Index, Oswestry Disability Index) and combination therapy intended for diagnostic purposes. The results of these measurements showed that the use of combined therapy and TENS reduces the intensity of pain,...
|
|
|
Evaluating the effect of exercise program DNS FIT KID in sportive older school-age children
Mohylová, Lucie ; Urbářová, Eliška (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
Evaluating the effect of exercise program DNS FIT KID in sportive older school-age children Abstract The diploma thesis evaluates of the effect of an exercise program called DNS FIT KID based on children older school-age who play sports. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis contains general knowledge about Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization. It describes the basic, such as developmental kinesiology, postural function and the stabilization system of the spine. Furthermore, the study also characterizes the DNS FIT KID exercise program, its key principles and exercise position. In the last section of the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, it approaches the specifics of the period of a child older school-age in sports. Methods: The research involved 15 sports participants (athletes and kayakers) aged 13 to 15 years. All participants attended 12 lessons of the DNS FIT KID exercise program. Once a week, the lessons took place under the guidance of a trained physiotherapist by the DNS method. Before and after the exercise program, the participants were examined using DNS FIT KID tests, gross motor tests and balance tests from the MABC-2 battery. Results: In DNS FIT KID tests, the results improved by an average of 11.2 points (p < 0,001), in tests from MABC-2 battery, the percentile of gross motor...
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Use of Electrical Stimulation in Physiotherapy of Perinatal Brachial Plexus Palsy
Přikrylová, Martina ; Dyrhonová, Olga (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
Perinatal brachial plexus palsy (PBPP) is the most common peripheral nerve injury for a newborn children. Theoretical part summarizes the following themes: brachial plexus anatomy, causes of a palsy, levels and types of peripheral nerve damage, treatment options and a summary of rehabilitation techniques that are used in a therapy. Practical part focuses on pathophysiology after a nerve injury and an indication of electrical stimulation (ES) of peripheral nerve palsies. A lot of studies regarding this topic have been published, nevertheless the question whether ES is safe and beneficial method that should be applied in a peripheral nerve palsies treatment still remains unanswered. According to the obtained results, electrical stimulation necessarily has to be divided into electrical muscle stimulation and electrical nerve stimulation, to add to this, we have to determine their apparent parameters. It seems like electrical muscle stimulation is not as beneficial as electrical nerve stimulation. On the other hand, a takeover in the treatment of peripheral nerve palsies may be an intraoperative electrical nerve stimulation. Thesis includes case report of a patient suffering from PBPP with an indication for an ES.
|
|
|
Affection of chosen aspects by using kinesiotape in swimmers shoulder
Laudová, Petra ; Doubková, Lucie (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
This research is focused on "swimmer's shoulder" and on affection of chosen aspects by kinesiotape. Theoretical part describes a summary of knowledge about origin, diagnostic and treatment of swimmer's shoulder. Kinesiotaping as a nowadays treatment method and its effects are also specified. The thesis provides a brief description of chosen aspects (pain, tactile acuity and proprioception) and their measuring by objectification methods. Practical part deals with measuring, evaluation and comparing of mentioned aspects before and after treatment by kinesiotape. Methods: 20 competitive swimmers (average age 18,3 years, SD ± 3,10) with shoulder pain were chosen for investigating and measuring. Pain was observed by visual analog scale (VAS) and pressure algometry, tactile acuity by esthesiomether and proprioception by a special method, all before and after treatment. A control group without kinesiotape was included to the research. Results: The experiment showed that tactile acuity was altered in patients with kinesiotape by 27,5 mm in average. This result was evaluated as statistically significant (p = 0,0023). Although values of pain measured by VAS and pressure algometry were enhanced, they were not very significant on the importace level 0,05 (p = 0,1540, resp. 0,1575). Proprioception was also...
|
|
|
Two-point discrimination in adolescent patients hospitalized with anorexia nervosa
Kočí, Gabriela ; Stackeová, Daniela (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental illnes manifesting itselg, among other signs, with impaired body schema and rejection of food. Principal focus of the thesis was to assess the discrimination treshold, ability to evaluate sensory perception and body self-concept in adolescent female patients hospitalised with anorexia nervosa. Our goal was to clarify and better understand the still not adequately described neurophysiological aspects of anorexia nervosa. The results were compared to control group; both groups comprised 18 girls, the average age of observed group being 14,7 ± 0,71 years and average age of control group being 15,3 ±0,71 years. Two-point discrimination was examined in three areas - arm, between shoulder blades and belly - with modified caliper. The Petrie test was used in sensory perception testing, while body self-concept was measured with BAT questionare. The examinations were performed in standardised conditions during similar day times. We found significant difference in two-point discrimination in the area between the shoulder blades with significance level α = 5 % and p-value p = 0,0001. A statistically significant difference was also observed in body self-concept with significance level α = 5 % and p-value p = 0,017. Thus we conclude that patients suffering from anorexia nervosa...
|
|
|
Effect of foam rolling on mechano-nociceptive and vibrational sensation.
Novotná, Eliška ; Čech, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
The thesis deals with the evaluation of the influence of foam rolling on selected parameters of somatosensory perception (pressure-algic threshold, vibrotactile sensation). The theoretical part discusses fascial tissue, summarizes the current knowledge of foam rolling and focuses on the mechanisms of pain and vibrotactile sensation. The research part consists of a randomized blind study on a group of 15 healthy probands (11 women, 4 men), which evaluates the effect of foam rolling. The effect is objectivized by pressure algometry and vibrametry on the m. rectus femoris and m. biceps femoris of both lower limbs (measured before and after therapy). The value of the pressure pain threshold (PPT) increased after foam rolling. Vibrotactile threshold (VT) was lower after foam rolling than before its use, which means that vibrotactile sensitivity was increased. The results show that these changes do not occur only in the interventioned m. rectus femoris, but some changes in parameters can be found in other muscles as well. Keywords fascial tissues, foam rolling, pressure algometry, pressure pain treshold, PPT, vibrametry, somatosensory system, nociception, diffuse noxious inhibitory control, DNIC
|
|
|
Lower extremity musculoskeletal problems in ballet dancers
Matějková, Michaela ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
Classical balet may be, in terms of its difficulty, compared to professional athletic disciplines. The inumerous repetitive movements balet consists of require both precision and fluidity, placing the dancer's musculoskeletal system under great amounts of pressure. The theoretical part of the paper focuses on the musculoskeletal problems of lower extremities that represent the majority of those that professional balet dancers cope with during the course of their careers. It further contains information about the causes of such injuries, their treatment, and methods of preventing their occurence. The paper also presents the results of the influence of targeted training with closed eyes on the postural stability of a professional balet dancer. It concludes that this type of training may have positive impact on the dancer's postural stabilization and help in reducing the frequency of injuries.
|
guest ::
