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Hormones and their presence in environmental
Sučková, Tereza ; Dvořáková, Petra (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This thesis deals with the issue of hormones in the environment and analytical methods for the determination of hormonal substances in water and soil ecosystems. The thesis includes an overview of important hormone groups (divided into categories according to their chemical structure) and basic information about properties of chosen hormones, their sources and impacts on the environment. The next focuses upon methods of determination of hormones in soil and water ecosystems. Finally, a standard operational manual for analysis of estrogens in surface water has been created and is provided herein.
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EU development - Comparison of the Czech and Slovak Republics in selected sectors
Dvořáková, Petra ; Drcmánková, Hana (referee) ; Bočková, Nina (advisor)
The aim of my master thesis is to create a comparison of economy between the Czech Republic and another country in the European Union. This other selected country member was Slovakia, which is quite similar to the Czech Republic, has a common history with the Czech Republic, but has already adopted the euro. At the beginning the history of European Union, the Monetary Union and the convergence criteria for the introduction of the single common currency are summarized. The analysis of selected macroeconomic indicators, the fulfillment of the Maastricht criteria and the analysis of medium-sized enterprises in the restaurant and hospitality sector was also carried out in practical part.
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Assessment of contamination of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant by drug residuals
Dvořáková, Petra ; Stoupalová, Michaela (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The aim of diploma thesis was finding of the method for the determination of drug residua in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant. Selected sulfonamide and diaminopyrimidine antibiotics, which are used in human and veterinary medicine, were selected as target comopounds. They are discharged to the sewer systems together with the urine and faeces and enter the sewage treatment plant, where they are not completely removed. They can be found in treated waste water or in sewage sludge. They can enter to the environment, where they can induce negative effects on organisms in soil and water ecosystem. An optimized method was used for identification and determination of these antibiotics in real samples from the large-scale waste water treatment plant in Brno-Modřice and from the waste water treatment plant situated in the area of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno. Antibiotics were extracted from sewage sludge by ultrasonic and by pressure solvent extraction (PSE). Waste water and sewage sludge real samples were concentrated and cleaned by solid phase extraction (SPE). For determination these antibiotics high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC - DAD) was used.
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The Use of Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Drug Residues
Dvořáková, Petra ; Hajšlová, Jana (referee) ; Chýlková, Jaromíra (referee) ; Sokol, Jozef (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This work is based on the occurrence of drug residues in the environment. This study is focused on the development and optimization methods for determination of selected drugs in the surface water, aquatic sediment and sewage sludge from waste water treatment plant. From the group of drugs were chosen antibiotics. Antibiotics presented in the environment can cause adverse effects including toxic effects, immunity disorders and indirect bioalteration effects. Sulfonamide antibiotics, which are used in the treatment of urinary and respiratory tract infections as well as in the treatment of other infectious diseases, were chosen as a target compounds. Three optimized analytical methods for determination of sulfonamide antibiotics were developed. For the optimization of extraction were tested: solid phase extraction, pressurized solvent extraction, microwave extraction and ultrasonic extraction. For the final analysis was used liquid chromatography with two detectors - diode array detector and mass spectrometer. These optimized methods were applied for the analysis of real samples. The surface water and sediment samples were collected from two Moravian rivers (the Svratka river and the Svitava river). Samples of sewage sludge were collected from waste water treatment plant Brno-Modřice. Fish samples from the Svratka river were also collected. It was observed that all the selected sulfonamide antibiotics are present in real sediment samples (ug.kg-1). Simultaneously presence of some target analytes in real surface water (ug.l-1) and in sewage sludge (ug.kg-1) samples has been confirmed. In samples of surface water from the Svitava river and in fish samples sulfonamide antibiotics were not detected or their concentrations were below the limit of detection.
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Monitoring of sulfonamides in wastewater from sewage treatment plants with different treatment technologies
Chaloupková, Petra ; Dvořáková, Petra (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to determine the presence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater from several wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with different number of equivalent persons and different treatment technologies. Five sulfonamides were chosen for a determination due to their wide usage in human and veterinary medicine practice. The specific compounds are sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfapyridine, sulfathiazole a sulfamethoxazole. For the determination of those sulfonamides, an UHPLC/DAD analytical method was chosen and optimized. There was also a need for optimization of SPE extraction method, especially a sample volume optimization. 250 mL was chosen as an ideal volume of wastewater sample for SPE. The optimized method was used for determination of sulfonamides in real wastewater samples from WWTP in Podivín, Pohořelice, Hustopeče, Valtice, Lednice and Mikulov. Average concentrations of pharmaceuticals in influent and effluent wastewater samples were in a range of 0,1 – 1 µg/l. The concentration of sulfonamides was mostly found higher in influent samples and lower in effluent samples. It can be said that a partial recovery of sulfonamides on WWTPs was observed.
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Business Plan - The Establishment of Fitness Centrum
Dvořáková, Petra ; Kučera, Aleš (referee) ; Bočková, Nina (advisor)
The principal objektive of the my bachelor thesis is to create a business plan of establishing the fitness center in Brno country side in village Chudčice. To beginning there are terms as sociated with company estabilishment and business plan in the theoreticalm part. Processing the subject I took in to a count the lack of physical aktivity people with sedentary jobs. Therefore my plan is estabilishment fitness center, that will be offer a lot suggest service for severalage categories, where clients will find new hobbies and improve thein healthy lifestyle.
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Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines Proposal for Children Aged 3-18 with Developmental Coordination Disorder
Homolková, Simona ; Dvořáková, Petra (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee)
Thesis abstract Name, Surname: Bc. Simona Homolková Supervisor: Mgr. Petra Dvořáková Thesis Title: Occupational Therapy Practise Guidelines Proposal in Children aged 3-18 years with Developmental Coordination Disorder Abstract: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with a prevalence of 6 % among children in the population. The cause of this condition is unknown, but there are known risk factors, such as very low birth weight or maternal exposure to drugs and alcohol during pregnancy. Symptoms include coordination difficulties, impaired motor learning and planning, executive function challenges, and overall mental health vulnerabilities. Each child exhibits different manifestations, and comprehensive care is required, provided by an interprofessional team, which includes occupational therapists. Occupational therapists should base their practice on high-quality care standards. Just like in medicine, there are currently global trends in occupational therapy towards developing Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), which are still lacking, especially in the field of occupational therapy. CPGs primarily serve to improve and standardize care. The main goal of this work is to create a proposal for clinical practice guidelines in occupational therapy for developmental...
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Occupational Therapy practice guidelines in children with perinatal brachial plexus palsy.
Jurečková, Michala ; Dvořáková, Petra (advisor) ; Jelínková, Jana (referee)
Title: Occupational therapy practice guidelines in children with perinatal brachial plexus palsy Abstract: Neonatal brachial plexus palsy is a palsy of the upper limb caused by traction of the brachial plexus during birth. It affects about 1.5 cases per 1000 live births and requires complex treatment. The clinical picture depends on the severity of the nerve damage and the part of the plexus that is affected. An unified framework for the treatment and management of paresis improves communication and clinical decision making for further rehabilitation. Currently there is an absence of clinical guidelines on pediatric issues and to ensure the highest quality of care, there is a need to develop them and find the best solutions to the problem. Clinical guidelines improve the quality of healthcare and reduce the variety of procedures and methods in clinical practice. The aim of this thesis is to develop a scheme for a clinical guidelines for diagnosis and intervention in children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy from birth to 7 years of age. A sub-objective is to review diagnostic tools and occupational therapy methods or procedures that appear in studies dealing with brachial plexus paresis and that can be used in occupational therapy practice. The thesis presents the issues of perinatal brachial plexus...
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The experience of the Vietnamese community with nursing care in the Czech Republic
Dvořáková, Petra ; Kutnohorská, Jana (advisor) ; Freibauerová, Sarah (referee)
Name and surname of the author: Petra Dvořáková Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, epartment od Non-mediacal Studies Title: The experience of the Vietnamese community with nursing care in the Czech republic Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Jana Kutnohorská, CSc. Number of pages: 83 Year of defense: 2023 Keywords: health, Vietnam, tradition, cuisine, communication The bachelor thesis is focused on the experience of the Vietnamese community with nursing care in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part there is a brief history of Vietnam, which is loosely followed by basic information about Vietnam. Furthermore, an introduction to traditions, customs, culture or religion. The Vietnamese are a very religious nation that prides itself on traditions, for this reason it was necessary to present the country in a more comprehensive way, as these traditions are also reflected in nursing. The thesis further discusses Vietnamese healthcare as such and the theoretical part concludes with a chapter dealing with the Vietnamese community living in the Czech Republic. The empirical part of the thesis presents research that was conducted with Vietnamese living in the Czech Republic and during which they were asked questions. On the basis of the answers of these respondents we...
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View of doctors on current nurses practise
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Petra
In this bachelor's thesis we will deal with key aspects of the work of a nurse from the point of view of medical staff and we will also investigate the opinions of physicians on the current system of Czech nursing education. The present time has high requirements on nurses, especially on the work of a nurse and higher education. Today is very often said that nurses should be equal partners with physicians in the care of patients and take a respected position in a multidisciplinary team. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis we will deal with the history of nursing, current nursing and we will also focus on the doctor nurse relationship. In the empirical part of the work we will examine the view of physicians on the issue of education and work of a nurse. For processing of the empirical part was chosen qualitative research together with the method of semi structured interview. The research group consists of 8 medical staff from various clinical fields. Based on the interviews, the results were divided into 2 large categories and 8 subcategories. Gained results showed that physicians perceive current education as complicated and too long, preferring to devise a better system that would precisely define and adjust questions of increasing competencies and the related education of nurses and length of study. Furthermore, doctors stated that university studies bring benefits in the form of obtaining a university degree and higher prestige of the profession. Physicians consider the work of a nurse to be essential and have the opinion that the nurse is an indispensable part of well provided care for patients. We also found out that the most common reasons that affect the emergence of a conflict situation between the nurse and the doctor are stress, overwork, mutual disrespect associated with inappropriate behavior and violation of the competencies of both parties. Based on the statements, we can also state that doctors consider the nurse as their partner in the field of professional patient care and they do not have problem with accepting proposals or recommendations from nurses.
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