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The central bank, its legal status and scope of activities
Pastorčáková, Silvie ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Dřevínek, Karel (referee)
52 Záv r Hlavním cílem mé diplomové práce bylo podívat se na centrální banky z r zných pohled a charakterizovat jejich druhy, funkce, cíle a postavení v bankovním systému na p íkladu CNB a ECB. Jednotlivých úvah i záv r jsem se dotkla už v rámci kapitol, proto bych nyní ráda shrnula centrální banku, její postavení a innost. Centrální banka je instituce, jež se p ímo podílí na chodu ekonomiky ve stát . Pro pochopení její dnešní existence a role v budoucnu se musíme poohlédnout do historie a p í in jejího vzniku. Na základ tohoto poznání, pak dále m žeme postupn vymezovat její funkce a cíle. N které centrální banky mají tyto cíle stanoveny zákony, tak jako nap . NB, jejíž hlavní cíl je upraven normou nejvyšší právní síly tj. ústavním zákonem. Vedle hlavního cíle, cenové stability, napl uje úst ední banka i cíle jiné vykonáváním ur itých funkcí. K tomu, aby tyto funkce ( innosti) mohla provád t pot ebuje mít ur ité postavení, které jí je sv eno zákonem. Rozsah tohoto postavení ur ují p esn vymezené pravomoci nezbytné k uskute ování jejich základních funkcí, jimiž uskute uje své cíle a dále typ ekonomiky, ve které se daná zem nachází. Pro centráln ízené ekonomiky platí menší míra nezávislostí v rozhodování úst edních bank spolu s v tšími možnostmi zásah do daného hospodá ství i v i jiným subjekt m. U tržních...
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Capital adequacy of banks - grounds, development and prospects of its regulation
Nádvorník, Petr ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Dřevínek, Karel (referee)
xi Abstract This thesis aims to provide eclectic legal and economic insight into the history, current principles and possible future development of bank capital adequacy regulation. We have worked with a variety of legal and economic literature and official Basel Committee publications. Our goal was to explore the economic background behind the Basel standards and find its legal ramifications and the incentives they create. In the first chapter, we analyze the economic rationale for banking regulation, explain possible methods of bank capital regulation and juxtapose them with other means of regulatory measures in the field of banking. The first chapter also gives overview of the Basel I framework, its implementation process, describes its utilization of new regulatory techniques, as well as its weaknesses. Second chapter provides overview of Basel II approval process and discusses its transparency and institutionary framework. Problematic issues of CRD directive in the Czech Republic are discussed in contrast with norms of due legislation process. In the next chapter, we describe the mechanics of the Basel II framework. In greater detail, we focus on the issues of securitization, off-balance sheet exposures and methods of "promise-shifting" in the financial system. Examples are used to illustrate the...
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The central bank, its scope of activities and legal status
Volfová, Klára ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Dřevínek, Karel (referee)
The central bank, its activities and position Abstract Central banks are in today's global banking system an indispensable part of a stable functioning market economies. I was always interested in these issues. I studied these issues in another master's degree course. The subject of this thesis is the central banking system in the Czech Republic and in the European Union. In the first chapter I focus on definition of banking and on the characteristics of three models of the banking system (single-stage, two-and three-stage banking system). The second chapter is the largest of all chapters. In this chapter I deal with the formation of Monetary Union, the creation of the European central banking system and the foundation of the European Central Bank. I analyze the legal base of European Central Bank, its organizational structure, issuing of legal acts, the capital. I deal with the introduction of the euro in member and non-member countries too. Special attention is paid the independence of the European Central Bank. I analyze its institutional, personal, financial, material and budgetary independence. The conclusion of this chapter deals with the preparations for the introduction of the euro in the Czech Republic. In the third chapter I describe the historical development of European central banking and the...
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The legal nature of derivatives
Votýpka, Petr ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Dřevínek, Karel (referee)
Legal nature of derivatives This diploma thesis deals with the legal nature of derivatives. To the legal aspects of the nature of derivatives has not been yet devoted much attention in Czech or foreign literature, even if it is the legal nature that could provide the answers to many questions, seeking the cause of the current economic crisis in an incorrect and unprofessional use of derivative contracts. The thesis is divided into three separate parts. The first chapter is devoted to the issue that arises from the definition of derivatives. Next part classifies derivatives into several groups, especially in terms of their place where they are traded on those that are traded on the market and those they are traded over the counter. The second part focuses on the legal nature of derivatives. First, their similarity is analyzed in terms of character as a gambling contract, and then in terms of their purpose as an insurance policy. This section concludes with the list of various derivative contracts such as swaps, forwards and options and their legal characterization, with regard to the provisions relating to the Czech law, applicable in the case of trading in derivative contracts. In all parts of dealing with the legal principle is allowed for future regulation of private law contained in the new Civil Code....
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The Czech National Bank, its position and activities
Vrba, Tomáš ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Dřevínek, Karel (referee)
The Czech National Bank, its Role and Activities In my Diploma Theses I would like to discuss the role and position of the Czech Central Bank. My theses is formally divided into five chapters, these chapters are divided into subchapters and sections. The purpose of this structure is for the theses to be complex and easy to work with. The first chapter, called "History and Origin/Formation of The Central Banking System", surveys the history of central banking system in this area since the beginning of the 19th century till 1993, when the Act No. 6/1993 Sb. about the Czech National Bank came into force in a word of later regulations. In the second chapter I am discussing various banking systems, focusing on the basic one-stage and two-stage classification. The third and fundamental chapter is called "The Role and Activity of The Czech National Bank." It consists of four subchapters, of which the first three -"The Central Banking System in the Czech Republic according to the actual legal regulations", "Constitution" and "Act on The Czech National Bank" should clear up the legal principles, basic determination and position of the Czech National Bank. A brief section about evolution of integration of the charge of the financial market till 1989 is also included in this chapter. The fourth and last subchapter...
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