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Late Bronze Age in Aegean: Study in Historical Interpretations
Klontza, Věra ; Bouzek, Jan (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee) ; Jiráň, Luboš (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav pro klasickou archeologii Věra Klontza (Jaklová) Studie k historickým interpretacím pozdní doby bronzové v Egejdě Late Bronze Age in Aegean: Study in Historical Interpretations ABSTRACT OF THESIS Vedoucí práce: Prof. PhDr. Jan Bouzek, DrSc. 2013 Abstract This dissertation deals with the main problems of historical interpretation of Late Bronze Age Aegean prehistory. Each chapter presents what is usually discussed as a special issue in contemporary bibliography. The environment of the region, its development and changes and the main approaches to enviromental studies are characterized in the introductory chapters. The chapter dedicated to the history of research, is of particular importance; "The truth of how archaeologists make discoveries, however, is far from the popular notion of random encounters and chance finds. We must take the time to examine the personalities and events leading up to these discoveries." (MacGillivray 2000, 11). The first issue to be dicussed is that of the absolute chronology of the early phases of the East Mediterranean, in particular the Aegean, Late Bronze Age. The resolution of this problem is crucial if synchronicity of events in individual regions, not only in the Mediterranean basin but also across Europe, is to be...
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The Social Exclusion of Homeless People
Charvát, Petr ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Stöckelová, Tereza (referee)
This paper looks at the issue of homelessness from an emic perspective of a homeless people themselves. The categories under discussion here, and the order of importance in which they are presented arises from the context of the street and has been determined by the research itself. Besides a reference to a typology of homelessness it focuses primarily on the personal - individual strategies of survival, the needs of people on the street, their activities and economic behavior. In addition there is a space for the voice of homeless people's closest associates, charity workers. The paper also applies topics such as exclusion homeless people and outlines some possible solutions. The research methods employed are, semi- structured narrative interviews, participate and non-participate observation.
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Historical myth in Julius Zeyer's Work
Křišťanová, Dita ; Vlnas, Vít (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee) ; Hrdina, Martin (referee)
Historical myth in Julius Zeyer's Work PhDr. Dita Křišťanová ABSTRACT: Ph.D. thesis Historical myth in Julius Zeyer's Work is the result of my long standing interest in the writer's personality, in the period of the second half of 19th century and in the problem of historical myths and stereotypes and their mass use. Julius Zeyer constructed meganarration - a whole set of myths that the Czech people were missing. The thesis examines where Zeyer was inspired, how he worked over his knowledge literally and how it was responded by contemporary criticism. At the same time, the thesis is focused on their connection to art, compares, how Zeyer's contemporaries wrote about similar topics. The work is based on the exploration of the writer's works, texts with similar themes, textbooks published after writer's death, archival materials and the press of the 19th century. Aim of this Ph.D. thesis is to prove the uniqueness and elusive concept of intangibility of Zeyer's Czech historical myth. Because of its complexity it could not become a major national idea.
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The Art of North-Western Anatolia in the Achaemenid Persian Period and Its Relations with the Greek and Persian Art.
Vaškaninová, Valéria ; Bouzek, Jan (advisor) ; Pavúk, Peter (referee) ; Charvát, Petr (referee)
The aim of this study is to determine and define the Persian Achaemenid style produced in the North-Western satrapies (imperial provinces) of Anatolia (modern Turkey) in the period of the Persian dominion of the area, roughly 550 - 300 BCE. The North-Western Anatolian satrapies are the II. nomos of Herodotus - Sardes, and Hellespontine Phrygia (the III. nomos). The roots of the Achaemenid style emerge from the rich artistic traditions of the cultures in the area of modern Iran influenced by Mesopotamian sources as well as nomadic handicrafts. The expansion of the Empire towards the Aegean resulted in extensive contacts with the creative expression of the Anatolian kingdoms and especially the Greek sphere. A unique style of luxurious ware, designated for customers of the local elite and Persian immigrants, is created. The depiction of the Persian court iconography is modified according to the local art-school customs. The clearest representation of the Achaemenid style is observed in the metalware production. The forms and designs of golden and silver vessels are specific. Despite their wide geographic distribution, the majority of the workshops were supposedly located in the area of modern Turkey. The production of jewelry and gems was most likely concentrated in the same workshops. The creative...
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Ancient Trails in the area of the Otava river
Pitín, Michal ; Charvát, Petr (advisor) ; Meduna, Petr (referee)
TITLE: Ancient trails in the area of the Otava River AUTHOR: Michal Pitín DEPARTMENT: History and History Didactics Department SUPERVISOR: prof. PhDr. Petr Charvát, DrSc. ABSTRACT: The diploma thesis focuses on one of the modern science called stibology which concentrates on the human past and human's relation to the landscape and its settlement and mainly passing trails through the landscape. The aim of this work is to study settlement and possible passing of the communications through the landscape in the area of the Otava River since the Celtic settlement, but mainly at the Early and the High Middle Ages. The work focuses on realisation of the stibologic knowledge in the area of the town Strakonice at the period of the Early Middle Ages. It also shows that the theme of the old trails is missed out of education and its possible usage in the subject called The Heritage Education in School Education Programmes. The work also includes analysis of the cartographic materials and their information about trails passing the landscape. The work is completed by the picture supplement from the area of the Otava River and cartographic materials. KEYWORDS: trail, way, settlement, area of the Otava River
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Heritage education and learning: Cases from the North Catalonia
Pavlová, Anežka ; Hnilica, Jiří (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee)
Heritage education and learning: Cases from the North Catalonia Annotation: My thesis deals with the options of the cultural and historical education in France, in particular in the North Catalonia. The work represents the relation between regional monuments and schools.In the first part, I define the term cultural heritage as such, than I focus on two cultural resorts in the North Catalonia.The second part of the thesis illustrates the connection between the monuments and schools in France, emphasizing the project teaching. The patrimony, being not studied today as a separate subject, remains an important part of one's education. However, the knowledge acquisition offers a large variety of teaching styles. Lastly, my work shows the educational services with concrete realisations of the projects in cooperation with schools. Key words cultural heritage, learning, project teaching, knowledge, cultural resort, educational service, cooperation
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The tomb of Akhethotep Hemi re-used by Nebkauhor Idu
Mohamed Abdou Mohamed, Abdou ; Verner, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vachala, Břetislav (referee) ; Charvát, Petr (referee)
In my thesis I focus on the Saqqara tomb of the vizier Akhethotep, which was usurped by the prince Nebkauhor (with the intimate name of Idu). The tomb, located in the area north of the causeway of Unis and south of the enclosure wall of the step pyramid of king Djoser, was excavated by Egytian archaeologist Selim Hassan during the archaeological season of 1937-8. Unfortunately, the tomb was later unadequately, only summarily published. With regard to the historical importance of the inscriptions and scenes which survived in the tomb, I decided to work up these important archaeological and epigraphic materials in my PhD dissertation. The first chapter of the dissertation includes a brief introduction to the Saqqara Cemetery. The second chapter deals with the history of the so-called Unis Cemetery and the architecture of the tomb. The third chapter contains description and interpretation of the scenes and inscriptions. The fourth chapter is a sort of an appendix with the list fragments of reliefs found in the tomb and belonging to its original decoration. And the final fifth chapter contains an overview of the turbulent times at the end of the Fifth Dynasty and the beginning of the Sixth Dynasty, and notes on the life of the two tomb owners, Akhethotep and Nebkauhor. This section also includes an analysis of...
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Czech modern women and the Orient in the first half of the 20th century: Challenging both gender and colonial dichotomies from the margins of Europe
Havlůjová, Hana ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee) ; Bahenská, Marie (referee)
Hana Havlůjová: Czech modern women and the Orient in the first half of the 20th century: Challenging both gender and colonial dichotomies from the margins of Europe Abstract In regards to both Czech and international research context my thesis has two main objectives. Firstly, it aims to explore various Czech sources, be them written or visual, in order to examine their potential for cultural history-based research on Czech modern women's (re)presentations of the Orient in the first half of the 20th century. Secondly, it uses a perspective 'from the margins of Europe' in order to challenge traditional dichotomies that prevail in a majority of research on gender and nationalism as well as colonialism worldwide. Therefore, my analyses of Czech modern women's (re)presentations of the Orient focus mainly on the interplay of three modern discourses - feminism, nationalism and orientalism. The first part of the thesis First impressions: Three Czech modern women in the Orient comprises three case studies on Pavla Dušková, Ludmila Matiegková and Vlasta Kálalová Di- Lotti, who travelled to and stayed in the Near East (Egypt, Palestine, Iraq) in the 1920s and 1930s. Their personal papers (e.g. family correspondence, unpublished travelogues) as well as published works (e.g. academic pieces of writing, popular novels)...
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Ancient Constellations as a cultural Phaenomenon
Juřina, Petr ; Bouzek, Jan (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee) ; Dufková, Marie (referee)
The firm connection of the heavenly constellations with characters and passages from Greek mythology is earned above all Aratus of Soloi, a Hellenistic poet from the time of Ptolemy II. His didactic poem Phainomena ("Phenomena in the sky") reached such popularity in its time that it lived to be translated into Latin several times and its contents became a firm part of the heritage of European civilization. The beginnings of the entire system of dividing the heavens into 48 parts, go back to a much older period. Astronomy has reliably brought forth evidence that the root of these heavenly "parcels" has its origins in the Near East 7.000-6.000 years ago. These conclusions of exact sciences also help confirm indications seen in the last while in various social-scientific disciplines. We find reflections of this ancient tradition in cosmological-astronomical (astrological) aspects of ancient cultures, or in paleoastronomical constructions of many archaeologically found features of prehistoric Europe.
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