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Advanced fluorescence techniques applied on biomolecules (lipid membranes and DNA)
Beranová, Lenka ; Hof, Martin (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee) ; Večeř, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis describes time dependent fluorescence shift method and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy method (FCS) with its extensions FLCS, Z-scan FCS and dual-focus FCS applied on specific problems in DNA and lipid research. Compaction mechanism of a DNA molecule smaller than a resolution of a confocal microscope was elucidated. The process was revealed to be "all or non" for a polycation spermine as a condenser in contrast with the gradual compaction caused by a cationic surfactant. Biophysical properties of a phospholipid bilayer influenced by presence of oxidized phospholipids with truncated sn-2 chain were explored. The dynamics of hydrated functional groups in the headgroup region was proved to get faster while the hydration of the headgroup region increased. These effects are in relation with the reorientation of the short sn-2 chains observed in molecular dynamics simulations. Presence of oxidized species may also influence the lateral diffusion of the lipids - a slight increase of the diffusion coefficient was observed. Decrease of hydration and mobility in the headgroup region was found as an influence of heavy water on the phospholipid membrane. These finding are in line with molecular dynamics simulations which show longer lifetimes of hydrogen bonds between water and lipid molecules in...
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Dying and death as a sociological problem
Beranová, Lenka ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Urban, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to trace the thematisation of death and dying in Sociology, which in the 1990' evolves into constituion of independent sociological subdiscipline: "sociology of dying and death". The main intention then is to go beyond the commonly held beliefthat the death is still a taboo. The Thesis consists of four thematic parts: first part summarizes the occurence of problems of dying and death in sociology, reflecting recent developments not only in social sciences, but also in the society as such. Theretofore the death is interpreted by religion but has been medicalized so that nowadays medicine represents the determinative paradigm of death. This development is in accordance with the most important framework in the intensely individualized society centered around the notion of "self', closely connected with the concept of body and embodiment. Second part represents - on the background of medicine - three stages of death, where each of them allows to develop its own sociological reflection. Third part is concerned with the revival concept of death in the work of British sociologist Tony Walter. On the basis of the comparison of traditional, modern and neo-modern model of death we comment on social phenomena associated with other relevant conceptions. Fourth part is focused on the problems os...
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Different ghrelin forms and their function after carbohydrate or protein breakfast in good health women
Beranová, Lenka
Lenka Beranová: The role of different forms of Ghrelin after administration of protein and carbohydrate breakfast to healthy women, Prague 2006. Leader: RNDr Jara Nedvídková, CSc., Endocrinology institute. Special Consultant: Doc RNDR. Stanislav Vybíral, CSc. This work is devoted to one of new hormones involved in regulation of food intake - Ghrelin. The main scope of this work is monitoring relationships between individual forms of Ghrelin and macronutrients received in food (proteins, carbohydrates). Food intake, conditioned by feeling of hunger and satiety, is a very complex physiological process. Hormones of gastrointestinal tract, adipose tissue and neuropeptides of central nervous system, together participate in food intake, including inducing of feeling of hunger and satiety. At the same time, mutual diffusion of signals reflecting actual energy food intake and long-term food supply of the organism play their roles (Stradel and Woods, 2005). Defects of this signalisation may participate in causing failure in food intake such as Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia nervosa or Obesity, and their persistency. Psycho- behavioural factors play equally significant role in food intake (Elfang and Rösner et al., 2005). In wide range of hormones responsible for food intake their responses to food intake have...
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Dying and death as a sociological problem
Beranová, Lenka ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Urban, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to trace the thematisation of death and dying in Sociology, which in the 1990' evolves into constituion of independent sociological subdiscipline: "sociology of dying and death". The main intention then is to go beyond the commonly held beliefthat the death is still a taboo. The Thesis consists of four thematic parts: first part summarizes the occurence of problems of dying and death in sociology, reflecting recent developments not only in social sciences, but also in the society as such. Theretofore the death is interpreted by religion but has been medicalized so that nowadays medicine represents the determinative paradigm of death. This development is in accordance with the most important framework in the intensely individualized society centered around the notion of "self', closely connected with the concept of body and embodiment. Second part represents - on the background of medicine - three stages of death, where each of them allows to develop its own sociological reflection. Third part is concerned with the revival concept of death in the work of British sociologist Tony Walter. On the basis of the comparison of traditional, modern and neo-modern model of death we comment on social phenomena associated with other relevant conceptions. Fourth part is focused on the problems os...
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Czech Environmental Inspectorate
Beranová, Lenka ; Humlíčková, Petra (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
This thesis addresses the problem of Czech Environmental Inspectorate and the general protection of the environment. I focus on the history of the protection of the environment, both at international, European and national. Further, I develop inspections in our area and grounds of Inspection, its scope (both substantive and territorial) and its competence in all major components. For comparison, I also deal with environmental protection in other European countries (I chose two Western European countries, which have a relatively long history of environmental protection). Most, however, devoted to the performance of supervision, both in general and specifically as one of the powers of inspection to all five areas. At the end of the deal by providing information and differences in process the individual laws. The aim is to introduce the reader to general environmental protection, and especially with the functioning of Inspections and its importance.
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The Czech Environment Inspection
Beranová, Lenka ; Humlíčková, Petra (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the Czech Environmental Inspectorate. It deals with not only the subject, but also the environment in general, protection tools and administrative supervision in general. In the area of inspection is dedicated to its organizational structure, position in the system of state organs of Czech Republic in the area of water protection, its powers, including the protection of the every components (water, air, waste management, nature and landscape and other areas). It also deals with powers of inspection, which focuses mainly on the implementation of controls, but also for providing information. The last section is devoted to an area that has an international dimension, and that the issue of IMPEL and CITES.
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Advanced fluorescence techniques applied on biomolecules (lipid membranes and DNA)
Beranová, Lenka ; Hof, Martin (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee) ; Večeř, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis describes time dependent fluorescence shift method and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy method (FCS) with its extensions FLCS, Z-scan FCS and dual-focus FCS applied on specific problems in DNA and lipid research. Compaction mechanism of a DNA molecule smaller than a resolution of a confocal microscope was elucidated. The process was revealed to be "all or non" for a polycation spermine as a condenser in contrast with the gradual compaction caused by a cationic surfactant. Biophysical properties of a phospholipid bilayer influenced by presence of oxidized phospholipids with truncated sn-2 chain were explored. The dynamics of hydrated functional groups in the headgroup region was proved to get faster while the hydration of the headgroup region increased. These effects are in relation with the reorientation of the short sn-2 chains observed in molecular dynamics simulations. Presence of oxidized species may also influence the lateral diffusion of the lipids - a slight increase of the diffusion coefficient was observed. Decrease of hydration and mobility in the headgroup region was found as an influence of heavy water on the phospholipid membrane. These finding are in line with molecular dynamics simulations which show longer lifetimes of hydrogen bonds between water and lipid molecules in...
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