National Repository of Grey Literature 78 records found  beginprevious44 - 53nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Thinking and Poetry in Thoughts of Martin Heidegger
Krejča, Kryštof ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Novák, Aleš (referee)
The main thema of this essay is something as dark as a solidarity (?) inbetween thinking and poetry presented on the base of thoughts of german philosopher Martin Heidegger and his interpretations of poet Friedrich Hölderlin. Nowadays American-English cannot portray anything as even a nearly adequate language for such a peculiar thing, that somehow defy any calculation and systematic reasoning. If its even possible for said languague to establish such a problem as a problem, is very hard to say. What can be described here, tho, is the absolut and universally- transcendental extension of western metaphysics through history into the establishment of scientifically-technical global civilization, its perverse nihilistic regime and enforcement of essencial fateful destruction through cosmopolitan deprivation of European Man and his values in perpetual mobilisation of the "peaceful" progression of the World War and technological decline. Sadly, this, nowadays widely accepted and even celebrated (!), condition actually represents in this text the main disaster and the very biggest catastrophe of present day... However this can be uncomprehensible for the anglo-american and today, alas!, "whole-western", but all in all fundamentally pitiful, worldview. All of this is meant quite seriously, by the way, but...
"Hegelian movement" in Czechoslovakian philosophy in the nineteen-sixties. Probe into the Czechoslovakian marxist philosophy on the motif of work.
Hanovská, Lenka ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chavalka, Jakub (referee) ; Marek, Jakub (referee)
The thesis deals with the Czechoslovakian philosophy in the nineteen-sixties. It focuses not only to its historical description but intends to enter its philosophical thinking from inside and analyse its principal categories. Especially it focuses on the category of work and examines its various formulations, developed in different theoretical perspectives of Czechoslovakian philosophers. This allows distinguish these perspectives in their similarities on one hand and differences on the other. The thesis notably focuses on so called "Hegelian movement" and its evaluation of category of work. This movement, which is in fact the Czechoslovakian variation to the philosophy of praxis, formulates the category of work in its philosophical meaning, i. e. as an ontological category decisive for an origin of the reality and human being. It was originally Hegel, who developed this meaning of category, and Czechoslovakian Hegelian movement continued in developing his ontology adopted through Marx. The Czech philosophers enriched it with aspects of socialistic humanism. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part explains historical conditions of philosophical scientific performance in Czechoslovakia. The second interprets the texts of Czechoslovakian Hegelian philosophers and their expositions of category...
Language, speech and understanding
Zajíc, Václav ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (referee) ; Zika, Richard (referee)
This thesis studies different conceptions of knowledge as they were conceived by George Berkeley and Immanuel Kant. In the first chapter we concentrate on Berkeley's pragmatic interpretation of knowledge which is based on the localization of the non-predicative judgements into the inner structure of perception. As the result there is such knowledge which is by human being used to identification of conditions for the formation of particular combinations of ideas and also to their more or less exact prognosis. We concentrate also on Berkeley's attempt to avoid "ontological" or "absolute" interpretations of "traditional concepts of metaphysics" as ,substance', an absolute existence of non-egoistic matterial being etc. In the second chapter of this thesis we are trying to study in which way is the idea of knowledge being transformed, in case that the starting point for interpretation of knowledge is, according to Kant, descriptive analysis of synthetic judgements a priori, whose proposition is the synthesis of subject and predicate. We will show that Kant contributed to the new understanding of metaphysics as transcendental research possibility of knowledge, and how were thanks to that meanings and status of subject and object transformed. We will make in the third and closing chapter complete...
The evolution of conception of truth from the presocratics to Plato and its meaning in the history from the perspective of Martin Heidegger
Štěrba, Vojtěch ; Pětová, Marie (advisor) ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (referee)
The thesis is based on Heidegger's conception of truth that was forming in his thinking from the beginning of the thirties of 20th Century. We follow the change of the conception of truth in history from Heidegger's perspective, namely on Anaximandros, Parmenides and Plato. We look upon this subject through chosen Heidegger's texts concerning presocratics and truth, along with Plato's dialog Parmenides and an anonymous commentary to it from an unknown author from the late antiquity. For Heidegger the way of Being of a man is changing in history, based on the transformation of mans relation to Being. The relation is linked with a transformation of the conception of truth. The way how we uncover the beings in the world and what does the being mean to us is connected to that too. That is why we can say that in the way how we understand the truth is equally shown how we understand ourselves and the world. We are therefore looking on the conception of truth through Heidegger's concept of history, which is according to him rooted in the transformation of one's relation to Being itself. That affects not only how and from what a man understands himself in the world (and therefore affects the transformation of the conception of truth throughout history), but also whether and how a man asks about the Being...
Which way to language: to the theme of language with Martin Heidegger
Hustáková, Vendula ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of language in order to reach at least halfway through - to the word as word and the crucial role of reading. Therefore I deliberately begin with seemingly unrelated topics such as science, art and technology. This should clear the way to the tongue to be showed at the end that the language is not only in the actual speaking, but primarily lie in such call, which is reading.
Perception of the Object or Seeing the Thing?
Vávrová, Věra ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Pětová, Marie (referee)
The thesis follows the development of the As-Structure as it is presented in Heidegger's Logic (GA 21) and shows that this abstract structure has been developed based on Brentano's Psychology 1 and Husserl's Logical Investigations. I describe how the As-Structure develops from the Brentano's distinction of physical and mental phenomena. The mental phenomena represent the basic sphere of our recognition, and the knowledge of the object as it is immanent to them. The object represents a stable counterpart to the course of experience (Objekt - Erlebnis relation). Therefore, only in the mental phenomena the object is being experienced just as it appears. This is the standpoint of Brentano, and it is adopted by Husserl who explicitly divides the structure of an intentional act into its constituents; the meant and the given. The object is accomplished when it is carried out by the intentional act. When the relation between the meant and the given is fully congruent, the given is given just as it is meant. Heidegger elaborates on this given as meant structure by transferring it outside the sphere of consciousness. He claims that the As-structure is the abstract constitutive element of the relation between the human (Dasein) and the thing; what is being encountered in the world is always given as something...
Incorporation and Morality. The Conception of a Body in Friedrich Nietzsche's Philosophy
Chavalka, Jakub ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Novák, Aleš (referee) ; Nitsche, Martin (referee)
My dissertation firstly attempts to define the methodological principles of Nietzsche's analysis of a body and corporeality by means of the concept of physiopsychology (Physio- Psychologie). Nietzsche tries for an explanation of moral judgements as symptoms of bodily conditions and in physiopsychology he detects what is withheld behind moral judgments and shows that their source is always some drive or instinct. This conclusion leads to the core metaphors he uses in thinking about a body: the body as a teacher (Der Leib als Lehrmeister) or the body as a guiding thread (Der Leib als Leitfaden). The first section discusses the process of incorporation (Einverleibung), which, according to Nietzsche, is the foundation of an anthropogenesis. A human must incorporate some schemes (firstly the belief in the sameness of the thing), that form the specific conditions, in order to cultivate himself as a species, which is capable of surviving. The incorporated schemes must be inherently erroneous, but Nietzsche emphasizes that the truth isn't a point in an anthropogenesis, but a firm anchor for a human in the world. The physiopsychologist describes incorporated errors and finds their un/presence in particular value judgments. The second section approaches a body and corporeality relationship from a different point of...
Herder's philosophy of culture. Herder and the German Enlightenment
Bojda, Martin ; Sokol, Jan (advisor) ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (referee)
This paper tries to provide an interpretation of the concept of culture in the work of one of German Enlightenment's most versatile personalities: Johann Gottfried Herder. The emphasis will be placed on this concept within the framework of a new interpretation of the historicity and essence of language as a medium of knowledge, understanding and communication, leading towards an examination of Herder's contribution to the philosophy of language and processuality as the basis of a project of an universal, but immanently historical anthropology. Furthermore, we will introduce Herder's integration of the enlightened rationality and classical metaphysics as expressed in his aesthetics and poetry. We also will reconstruct the foundations and future influence of Herder's linking of universalist humanism with the new awareness of the national and social determination of being. Namely, being as something actively and freely appropriated in an integrated manner that is however not arbitrary. Key words: Herder, Enlightenment, culture, philosophy of language
Heidegger's concept of attunements, moods and emotions. Boredom as a specific attunement of the Dasein
Čermák, Marek ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Novotný, Jaroslav (referee)
This master's thesis addresses the problem of moods and attunements in Heidegger's famous conceptualization which falls into the 1st half of 20th century and which he introduced in his phenomenology, understood as fundamental ontology. This thesis follows "being attuned" in terms of its essential characteristics and with the emphasis on its full meaning, in terms of existential analytics of man as Dasein. The objective of this thesis is to show, in which sense is "being attuned" grasped as the essential way of being of the Dasein in the midst of beings as a whole, and how is this "being attuned", as this essential way of being, made manifest, or how it may manifest itself to us the possibilities and limits of the Dasein understood as "being here" (Da-sein). In terms of particular moods and attunements, the thesis follows mainly the motif of fear and anxiety and is seeking to create an understanding of profound boredom as the fundamental attunement of the Dasein and its connectedness with the temporal character of the essence of the Dasein. Key words: Dasein, attunement, anxiety, fear, boredom Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
Authorship between ethics, law and technology
Kratochvílová, Marie ; Pinc, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Sokol, Jan (referee) ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (referee)
AUTHORSHIP BETWEEN ETHICS, LAW AND TECHNOLOGY In the present thesis, I focus on the relation between the concept of authorship and the development of new technologies, linked to the transformation of the ethical paradigm. I focus on the author as a person, on the ethical aspect of authorship and its protection within society, on traditional rules of polite and honest behaviour which are intertwined with the codification of legal protection of the rights of the author. The discussion takes place on two levels which have co-existed since authorship came into existence: one of them is the protection of the rights of authors, including the introduction of copyright, the other is the attempt to infringe on these rights in order to allow for the free sharing of cultural property as well as of the results of scientific work. In the Introduction, I provide an overview of the transformation of the relation between the author and society, between authorship and its legal basis. I focus mainly on its philosophical aspects, reflecting the state of technological development and the situation in society. I follow the differentiation between divine inspiration (claim for the truth) and the concept of authorship (claim for a salary), which first came into prominence toward the end of the archaic period. I...

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