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Three case studies of resourse management of tropical ethnic groups in area of Indonesia and Oceania: Siberut, Tikopia, Pingelap
Kavánková, Ludmila ; Trnka, Radek (advisor) ; Bartoš, Michael (referee)
This diploma thesis is based on three case studies discussing three native cultures and their ways of using ecosystem resources. The three studied tribes share following characteristics: they live in tropics, they represent Austronesian ethnolinguistic group and their habitat is a specific detached island. Studying the three chosen traditional island communities on Siberut, Tikopia and Pingelap give us detailed information about the local ways of living, traditional agriculture, land tenure, hunting, breeding and local trade. At the same time it helps us to discover differences of the three examples caused by number of socio-environmental factors as well as to characterize three types of interaction between people and their natural environment. Due to study of chosen tribes it was found out that local traditional way of using ecosystem resources not only allows inhabitants to survive but moreover sustains the natural environment. Therefore, it is proposed that applied principles could be adopted by other tropical places already more influenced by western culture. In such places the main source of food is conventional agriculture which is not perceived as fully sustainable. It was observed that studied communities were following some of the basic principles as tabus or agroforestry. Their main goal is to...
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Changes in pollinator behaviour under different plant spatial aggregation
Štenc, Jakub ; Janovský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bartoš, Michael (referee)
Plants often occur aggregated into clusters and this spatial pattern is supposed to affect pollinator behaviour and pollen dispersal. Such pollinator reaction may influence reproductive success of zoogamous plant species both in terms of number of available mates and their genetic diversity (nearby growing plant individuals are also often closely related, especially in clonal plants). In the present thesis, I investigated the influence of plant spatial aggregation on pollinator behaviour and how this translates into pollen transfer. For that purpose, I carried three experiments. In the Experiment 1, I used potted plants placed into arrays and aggregated into four patches in order to track the pollen dispersal by means of a UV-dye pollen analogue. I manipulated distances between plants within clusters (dense × loose) and between clusters (near × far). I conducted this experiment for three plant species differing in their pollinator spectra. In the Experiment 2, I observed pollinator foraging sequences (sequences of visited plant individuals) under the same experimental design as for the first experiment, but I carried out this experiment for five plant species. In addition in one study species, Dianthus carthusianorum, I conducted the Experiment 3 to get better insight into pollination effectiveness...
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Organic Farming with Regard to Sustainable Development
Procházková, Adéla ; Bartoš, Michael (advisor) ; Cudlínová, Eva (referee)
The focus of this diploma thesis is organic farming. Its goal is to evaluate the positives and the negatives of organic farming from the sustainable development point of view. Sustainable development is usually divided into three pillars - environmental, economic and social. However, this thesis uses the division into four pillars of sustainability, in which the social pillar is divided into socio-political and human pillar, which is more fitting in this case. This division allows a more detailed evaluation of organic farming. The thesis also deals with the question of sustainability of the researched farm in the future. The method chosen for the thesis is a case study, thanks to which a specific case was researched and answers for the stated questions could be found. Rainton farm in the South of Scotland serves as the case for the practical part of the thesis. Since the early 1990s Rainton has been in the process of conversion from the conventional to the organic way of farming. The business has been diversified and therefore the research could be focused also on the development of the visitor centre, ice-cream or cheese making. Thanks to the data from interviews, participant observation and other documents, a complex picture of the organic farm was created. The research has shown that the...
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The story of the European beaver on the territory of the Czech Republic
Kletečková, Aneta ; Kostkan, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Bartoš, Michael (referee)
This thesis deals with the controversial species of the animal, the European beaver, which is perceived very differently in the human society. In the history, this especially protected animal was extincted on the territory of the Czech Republic and actually his activites frequently come into conflicts of human interests so the comeback of beavers is not always welcome. The thesis describes the process of changing situation of the population of beavers in the Czech Republic and important aspect of their existence. The practical part of the thesis is pursued on the research, which is focused on the perception of the problematic issues of the european beaver by the experts in the Czech Republic. This research is based on seven expert interviews and also on the survey. The goal of my research was to gain comprehensive informations about the perception of experts and about their recommendations how to moderate the situation and harmonize the human - beaver relationship. The main contribution of this thesis is the cooperation all key goups of experts and primary the most important is that results from the research can be used as a material for the future expert debates. Key words: European beaver, species protection, experts, nature preservation, Czech Republic
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Mountain chalets and sustainable tourism
Nagyová, Nikola ; Bartoš, Michael (advisor) ; Pásková, Martina (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is sustainable tourism in the mountainous environment. Alpine habitats include a valuable natural environment where tourism can leave lasting effects. Research focuses on the operation of mountain chalets in the High Tatras and the influence of alpine tourism on the environment in terms of three pillars of sustainable development using qualitative methods, namely the triangulation method. Key words: sustainable tourism, mountain chalets, alpine tourism, High Tatras
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Amenity migration in second generation
Davídková, Petra ; Bartoš, Michael (advisor) ; Kopp, Jan (referee)
This work examines amenity migration and its main focus refers to the second generation of amenity migrants. The work also touches on the current world expression of ones attitude and the opinion about the rest of the world, but also the socialstatus. Amenity migration has became a phenomenon over the past few decades and usually is a reaction to the bustling, impersonal and stressful lifestyle, which relates to living in urban areas. The subject of this work are two groups of the direct descendants of the amenity migrants. The first group being the children, who knew the city life before moving to the countryside, while the second group are the descendetns, who were born into the amenity way of life. Additionally, the amenity migrants themselves were approached as well. The aim of this work is to find out whether the descendatns of the amenity migrants are determined to continue in the existing way of life, into which they were brought to by their parents. The circumstances of the aforementioned phenomena are recorded in the theoretical part of this thesis. The main authorities dedicated to this issues of amenity migration, whose work became the inspiration for my research and was cited and paraphrased, are Ing. M. Bartoš, Professor L.A. Moss and Dr. R. Glorioso. A qualitative research was chosen...
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Farmer's reasons to engage in organic agriculture
Kučerová, Michaela ; Bartoš, Michael (advisor) ; Zagata, Lukáš (referee)
The master thesis deals with farmer's reasons to engage in organic agriculture. The theoretical part is devoted to the topic of organic agriculture, its development in the Czech Republic and abroad, organic farming legislation and subsidy policies in the Czech Republic. Described methodology is a part of master thesis. The empirical part provides the readers with the presentation of eight individual organic farms in the regions of Hana and Beskids. On the grounds of empirical survey carried out through in-depth semi-structured interviews, the thesis reveals inner motivations that stimulate farmer's commitment to work in an environment-friendly way. Then, detailed description and interpretation of the codes resulting from open coding of the interviews are presented.
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The Beekeepering in The Czech Republic on crossroads
Mohrová, Kateřina ; Bartoš, Michael (advisor) ; Daněk, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis entitled The Beekeeping in the Czech Republic on Crossroads aims to get in the current issues of beekeeping. It describes the field of beekeeping, one of the oldest human activities in terms of biology, ecology, history, sociology and practical use. The methodology of this thesis is set in the framework of qualitative research and the discipline of social and cultural ecology which is based on multidisciplinary research. During the research a questionnaire construction was used. The research part focuses on the social and generational issues of beekeeping and reveals the motivation of my respondents for keeping bees. Furthermore it interprets the opinion of my respondents on beekeeping organizations in the Czech Republic, their connection with nature and their own outlook for the near future of beekeeping. In the discussion I summarize the results of the interviews with my respondents and in the conclusion I re-evaluate the aimed goals of my thesis and I give suggestions for further research possibilities in this field.
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