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Obesity in Patiens with Psoriasis as a Risk Factor of Ischemic Heart Disease
Kadlecová, Markéta ; Arenberger, Petr (advisor)
Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory skin disease. There is a significant risk of many comorbidities in psoriatic patients, the most prominent of these being Metabolic Syndrome (obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipoproteinemia). Metabolic Syndrome contributes to increased mortality and morbidity rate, owing to cardiovascular diseases in particular. Psoriasis itself is another contributing factor. In comparison with normal population, the mortality rate in patients with severe psoriasis is two times higher. Psoriasis and some of its comorbidities have the same pathophysiology. The same cytokines, such as TNF-alpha and inflammatory cells are involved. Integrated approach in therapy focused on the underlying inflammation may reduce the cardiovascular risk in obese patients with psoriasis. An important step in the care of patients with this combination of ailments is the prevention of ischemic heart disease, as the risk of it is higher in them. Apart from general recommendations, one can apply specific approaches. An example of these is the treatment of obesity-induced inflammation, secondary prevention of psoriasis, anti-inflammatory systemic therapy and biological therapy.
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Assesment of diagnostic methods for immunologically based skin diseases
Brodská, Petra ; Pizinger, Karel (advisor) ; Arenberger, Petr (referee) ; Skořepová, Magdalena (referee)
Background: Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. Numerous IgE-inducing allergens play role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Malassezia, the predominant skin microbiota fungus, is considered to exacerbate atopic dermatitis, especially in a subset of patients with head and neck type. In the present study the relationship between atopic dermatitis and sensitization to Malassezia antigens was investigated. Methods: We assessed 240 patients with atopic dermatitis seen at the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital in Zürich, Switzerland and at the Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital in Pilsen, Czech Republic. The subgroup of patients with primarily head, neck and upper torso pattern of atopic dermatitis was considered as HNAD type. Severity of eczema was assessed with EASI in Switzerland and with SCORAD in the Czech Republic. Total serum IgE and specific IgE to Malassezia were determined and correlated with clinical picture of atopic dermatitis, gender, age and severity of eczema. Results: Total IgE was elevated in 72.5% of patients. Specific IgE to Malassezia was positive (≥ 0.35 kU/l) in 54.2% of patients. Men were significantly more often sensitized to Malassezia antigen (63.5% of men versus 47.1% of women, p-value 0.013). Concurrently, patients...
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Evaluation of adjuvant treatment of malignant melanoma by real time RT-PCR
Gkalpakiotis, Spyridon ; Arenberger, Petr (advisor) ; Resl, Vladimír (referee) ; Pánková, Růžena (referee)
Melanoma is one of the tumors, characterized by considerable heterogeneity of expression of tumor-specific protein. Monitoring two or more markers can significantly increase the efficiency of detection. In our study, we concentrated to 5 marker: Melan-A/MART-1, gp 100, MAGE-3, MIA and Tyrosinase. Another potential tumor marker was telomerase. The most sensitive marker of progression proved to MAGE-3 (17 of 18 patients), followed by the positive marker gp100 (10 of 18 patients), MIA (9 of 18) and Tyrosinase (1 of 18). The Melan-A there was no statistically significant increase over the cutoff for all monitored patients with progression. Tyrosinase as a marker for circulating melanoma cells used in the past most frequently. Her role as a marker is highly debated and varies in different publications. For example The effectiveness of investigations Tyrosinase as the only marker of progression ranged from 6% to 59%. The reason may be technical error, a high percentage of false positives such as because of contamination or reduce expression Tyrosinase in advanced stages, which is associated with reducing the differentiation of tumor cells and decrease tumor melanization. Given that our work with progressive disease, most often found at the same time three positive markers, supports the detection of several marker...
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Effect of gene expression in hyperproliterative skin diseases
Lysá, Barbora ; Arenberger, Petr (advisor) ; Kohoutová, Milada (referee) ; Brdička, Radim (referee) ; Nečas, Emanuel (referee)
The introductory part of this thesis gives insight into selected aspects of the issue deals with hyperproliferative outlining the molecular basis of skin diseases, which are included in addition to psoriasis as well as the characteristic representative of non-melanoma skin cancers. Further analyzes partly exogenous influence of UV radiation on their formation. The actual research work is focused on a group of genes whose expression was studied in actinic keratosis disease in relation to its treatment of topical immunomodulators - imiquimod. Examined genes can be divided into groups of genes modulating the immune response, genes involved in apoptotic processes and the genes playing a potential role in tumor formation.
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Photodynamic therapy and diagnostic in dermatology
Kacerovská, Denisa ; Pizinger, Karel (advisor) ; Arenberger, Petr (referee) ; Ettler, Karel (referee) ; Vašků, Vladimír (referee)
Background Based on news about hypericin (HYP) as a potent photosensitizer with promising photobiological activities, we decided to try it as a topically applied photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Objective The aim of this single-centre, prospective study was to investigate the effectiveness of topical HYP-PDT treatment for non melanoma skin cancer. Methods The study was carried out on 34 patients (20 male and 14 women in the 32 to 83 years age range) with actinic keratoses (AK), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and Bowen's disease. The patients were treated once a week with HYP in a glycerol solution and a red light dose of 75 J/cm2 for 6 weeks on average. Results The percentage of complete clinical response was 50% for AKs, 24% in patients with superficial BCC and 40% in patients with Bowen's disease. Complete clinical response did not occur in the group with nodular BCCs. A complete histological response rate was found out in 12% of patients with superficial BCCs and 80% in the patients with Bowen's disease. No control biopsies were performed after the treatment of AKs. All patients complained of burning and pain sensations during irradiation. Conclusion The topical HYP-PDT is a promising treatment for non melanoma skin cancer although the results of our study were less successful in...
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New Diagnostic Methods in Dermatology: Non-invasive Diagnosis of Non-melanoma Skin Cancer
Kříž, Martin ; Arenberger, Petr (advisor) ; Pavel, Stanislav (referee) ; Vašků, Vladimír (referee)
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most prevalent cancer in the light-skinned population. New less- or non-invasive treatments are increasingly used for NMSC patients, making the development of non-invasive diagnostic technologies highly relevant. The scope of this work is to present data on the current state-of-art in diagnostic methods for NMSC and actinic keratosis. Different key words were searched through scientific search-engines. Results of the two of our studies are presented. Encouraging results from the reviewed diagnostic trials have suggested a high diagnostic accuracy for many of the new technologies. New imaging technologies have the capability of providing new or additional data or enough information in vivo to understand of NMSC development and to help the clinical diagnostics. Some of the new technologies, especially the high frequency ultrasonography described in the paper have the potential to be used in the daily praxis of NMSC diagnostic. The fluorescence diagnostic brings in our point of view a great merit in second line diagnostics of advanced and not clear cases.
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Intelligent nanofibres functionalized with growth factors and blood derivatives for dermatology applications
Vocetková, Karolína ; Amler, Evžen (advisor) ; Rosina, Jozef (referee) ; Arenberger, Petr (referee)
Platelet derivatives are an attractive source of natural growth factors and they are widely used in various tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. The aim of this study was to optimize cell culture conditions using platelet lysate and to develop platelet-functionalized fibrous scaffolds as a controlled drug delivery system for native growth factors. Fibrous scaffolds were prepared by electrostatic and centrifugal spinning of PCL and they were functionalized by the platelets by surface adhesion or their encapsulation using emulsion spinning techniques. The cell culture study determined the 7% platelet lysate to be the optimum concentration as a medium supplement in keratinocyte and fibroblast culture. Additionally, following surface adhesion of the platelets to PCL electrospun nanofibres, the platelets were activated due to their contact with the nanofibre nanotopography, resulting in formation of fibrin network. Fibrin served as a reservoir of the growth factors, prolonging the half-time of EGF release to 1.7 days. Such platelet-functionalized samples fostered proliferation of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and melanocytes. Furthermore, adhesion of platelets to centrifugally spun nanofibrous scaffolds resulted in almost two-fold increase in the amount of immobilized platelet-derived...
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