|
|
Towards two Old Czech loanwords
Nejedlý, Petr
The article challenges two new expositions of loaned Old Czech lexemes, which are available online, and confirms the older explanations of these words: the noun dějnicě ‘carpet’ has its origins, regardless of other more recent forms, in the Old Polish dzianica, and the noun moryt ‘a plant used to dye material’ is an appropriate loanword from Middle Latin moretum.
|
|
|
Peripheral Old Czech names for Owls
Hořejší, Michal ; Voleková, Kateřina
This paper focuses on the interpretation of the Old Czech peripheral ornithonyms vap, vapek a puňek. Based on an analysis of the context for the evidence, and with the help of more recent sources and an analysis of the morphological structure, several findings have been made: a) the Old Czech vap is a deverbative formed from the Croatian vapiti, which provides further proof of contact between the two languages during the Middle Ages, b) the formant -ek performs a complex function in the names of animals, as it may simultaneously carry a diminutive and an agentive meaning, while including the information that the word is the name of an animal, c) the distribution of the names of animals was loose in earlier times, with one term frequently relating to several referents, whereas one animal commonly bore several names.
|
|
|
The Emancipation of Czech as a Cultural Language during the Rule of Charles IV
Nejedlý, Petr
Under the rule of Charles IV, the Czech language system underwent a series of changes which instrumentally broadened it, enriched its function, and deepened its structure. Part of it was a reflection of the internal language development and part was caused by external circumstances of a cultural and historical nature. Impulses which emerged from the cultural, political, and social situation introduced by the style, goals, and results of Charles’ rule were pivotal for the entire language, its functions, and the means of expression.
|
|
|
Publicly accessible electronic resources to the study of the historical Czech in The Department of Language Development of The Institute of the Czech Language AS CR, v. v. i
Černá, Alena M. ; Lehečka, Boris ; Nejedlý, Petr ; Šimek, Štěpán ; Vajdlová, Miloslava
The article introduces two internet sources designated to the study of Older Czech language (13th to 18th centuries); both have been designed and run by The Department of Language Development at The Institute of the Czech Language at the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The first source, Vokabulář webový [Web Vocabulary] (http://vokabular.ujc.cas.cz), makes texts, images and audio materials available to the study of Older Czech language. The accessible materials are, primarily, both modern and historical dictionaries, amongst which the most salient is the, gradually growing, Elektronický slovník staré češtiny [Electronic Old-Czech Vocabulary] that treats Old-Czech lexicon from the dawn of Czech language to the end of the 15th century. Furthermore, Vokabulář includes electronic editions of the works originating in the period from the 13th century to the beginning of the 19th century, presented both as continuous texts and in the corpus version; digitalized copies of Older-Czech grammar books; basic scientific literature; audiobooks of Older-Czech texts; and software tools utilized for the work with historical texts. The second source is Lexikální databáze hu-manistické a barokní češtiny [Lexical Database of Humanistic and Baroque Czech] (http://madla.ujc.cas.cz). It records the Czech vocabulary of the 16th to 18th centuries based on the excerption of the authentic contemporary texts (both old prints and manuscripts): Lexical database illustrates the Czech vocabulary with direct quotations, including stating the source. Thus, Lexical Database partly substitutes the missing Czech vocabulary of the mentioned period.
|
guest ::
