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APPUCATION OF A SHORT-TIME HYDROPONICS FOR SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE DECIDUOUS WOODY PLANTS SPECIES FOR REMEDIATION PURPOSES
Malá, J. ; Cvrčková, H. ; Máchová, P. ; Dostál, J. ; Soudek, Petr ; Šíma, P.
A rapid trial of accumulation capacities for heavy metals Pb, Cd, and Cr of selected fast-growing deciduous woody plant species is presented. The Sorbus aucuparia, Populus tremula x P. tremuloides, Salix x blanda, S. viminalis, S. miyabeana, and S. elbursensiswere clonally micropropagated by induction of organogenesis. Samples of roots and aboveground parts from plantlets grown in aseptic conditions in agar semisolid substrate and hydroponics media supplemented by the heavy metal salts were taken at 2, 4, and 8 days of cultivation.The concentrations and distributions of the accumulated metals were determined using the ICP-OES method and verified by autoradiography. Practically, amounts of accumulated heavy metals increased linearly up to the end of the experiment and were higher in the roots than in aboveground parts in both, the agar cultures and hydroponics. It could be concluded that all tested species displayed a high efficacy of metal uptake and could represent prospective trees for phytoremediation of polluted soils.
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Phytoremediation of air - plans and reality
Vaněk, Tomáš ; Maršík, Petr ; Soudek, Petr
Results obtained so far indicate that selected plants can be effectively used to remove contaminants from the air, both horizontally and especially near sources of contamination, such as roads. When choosing plants, it is necessary to pay attention to their sorption capacities, as well as their ability to survive in contaminated sites, which are also exposed to other stresses such as lack of moisture and salinity.
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Produkce polyklonálních protilátek proti rekombinantnímu proteinu X viru bramboru
Čeřovská, Noemi ; Plchová, Helena ; Moravec, Tomáš ; Filigarová, Marie ; Dědič, P.
The gene encoding the coat protein (CP) of Potato virus X was cloned into expression vector pMPM-4A Omega. PVX CP was expressed in Escherichia coli and was used for raising rabbit polyclonal antibodies. For immunization we purified CP fractions from bacterial lysate either by simple fractionation or by excision from SDS gel. The obtained sera and antibodies were tested for the detection of PVX in laboratory hosts Nicotiana tabacum, cv. Petit Havana SR 1 and N.benthamiana and in various cultivars of natural host Solanum tuberosum by ELISA as well as by Western blots. The antibodies were specific for PVX and are usable for the detection of the broad isolates spectrum of the Potato virus X by ELISA and Western blot.
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Mode of action of resistance inducers against powdery mildew in wheat
Grigová, Vendula ; Šašek, M. ; Věchet, L. ; Burketová, Lenka
One of the method, how to increase resistance of plants against disease without changes of their genom is use of phenomenon known as induced resistance. Plant protection in system of induced resistance is based on activation of defence mechanisms of plants by stimulation of methabolic and structural changes in plants. For induction of resistance is used many compounds of chemical and biological origin. This work informs about mode of action of inductors used in pathosystem wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) – powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici). Efficiency of cited inducers were analysed by means of markers genes expression and by finding out infective structures of Blumeria. Slight expression of WCI5 (wheat chemically induced gene) ) and WCK1 (gene encoding a MAP kinase in wheat) was detected. Test of germinability showed that BTH (benzothiadiazol) treatment and treatment of oak bark extract caused an inhibition of germinative activity of Blumeria graminis spores on wheat.
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Defence mechanisms of sugarbeet participating on resistance against pathogens and pests
Grigová, Vendula ; Burketová, Lenka
The plants dispose their own defence mechanisms against pathogen attack, which include both constitutive and induced structural changes, but mainly biochemical changes. SAR (Systemic Acquired Resistance) is an important defence mechanism. The objective was to compare defence reactions of sugar beet against the causal agent of rhizomania, i.e. BNYVV and its vector Polymyxa betae, with sugar beet reaction after soil nematode attack and with reaction to treatment with chemical and biological inductors of resistance. We have shown that the same spectrum of hydrolytic PR-proteins (basic -1,3-glucanase (Glu2), basic class IV chitinase (Ch4), acidic class III chitinase (SE2), basic class II chitinase (Ch2)) is induced both after pathogen/pest attack and after BTH inductor treatment; nevertheless, the intensity of induction is related to a particular agent. Increased accumulation of glucanase was detected immunohistologically in sugar beet tissues both after pathogen/pest attack and after BTH inductor treatment.
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