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Kamil Hilbert, an Architect-Conservator
Fatková, Markéta ; Novotná, Eva (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee)
Abstrakt_Diplomová práce_Kamil Hilbert, architekt - památkář.txt Kamil Hilbert, An Architect - Conservator The main terms: Kamil Hilbert, preservation of monuments, St. Vít's cathedral, historismus, secession Kamil Hilbert (*12. 2. 1869 Louny - †25. 6. 1933 Praha) was a Czech architect in the late 19th and early 20th century, most widely known as the last master builder of the St. Vít's cathedral in Prague. His work was mostly focused on historical monument preservation. At the same time, he worked as an architect and builder himself. He was not only creator and preservationist, but also an archeologist and, in its way, even an art historian. He published several interesting studies covering results of archeological excavations at building sites; he was also keen on art topography. Furthermore, he was one of the founding members of "Ústřední památková rada za české země", an agency established in 1911 in Wien whose mission was protection of historical monuments in Czech kingdom; he also acted as a supervisor and advisor at individual restoration projects. Working closely with an important Czech art historian Max Dvořák (a student of Riegel who introduced the modern historical monument preservation concepts), Hilbert built the foundations of modern historical monument preservation in the Czech lands. Up to...
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Myth and Reality: The Czech Assistants of Le Corbusier 1924-1937
Hrabová, Martina ; Macek, Petr (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee) ; Murray, Irena (referee)
The impetus for this study was the question of whether the information, which has been handed down on Czech architects who worked with Le Corbusier is true or not. Working in the studio of one of the leading architects of the 20th century was a crucial formative experience for dozens of architects while also being an attractive entry in their résumés. The doctoral thesis Myth and Reality: The Czech Assistants of Le Corbusier 1924-1937 is based on vast research of primary sources abroad as well as in the Czech Republic. The thesis critically examines the information known in the literature until now. The study aims to look behind the curtain of the formation of the existing historiography of Czech architectural modernism. It proves that architects themselves often entered history by means of their self- promotion skills. Parts of the thesis consist of a verified and critical list of Czech assistants at Le Corbusier's studio in 35 rue de Sèvres in Paris, detailed analysis of how work was conducted in the studio and an analysis of related sources. The work presents 13 Czech architects who worked in the studio of Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret in the period between the two World Wars. The study follows individual forms of dialogue between young architects and Le Corbusier. In some cases, the research of...
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Architectural photography as the means of promotion of a modern architecture in Czechoslovakia 1918-1948
Holá, Mariana ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee)
Media had a decisive influence on the live of 20th century society. This impact reached its first peak in the time between the World War I and /I when mass media evolved, thanks to the technology and consumption society development. Their significant part was also photography. At that time it was perceived as a literal copy of reality but some people rather used its ability to alter or change the reality. One of the disciplines which used this relatively new medium for its promotion and popularization was a modern architecture. This thesis deals with forms of architectural photography in Czechoslovakia from 1918 to 1948, factors determining these forms but foremost by ways the architectural photography helped promoting modern architecture From its beginnings the history of photography is inseparably connected with capturing architecture. At times when long exposures were necessary architecture was a convenient motionless subject. In the 19th century the architectural photography primarily developed with industrial development which was accompanied by construction of new industrial buildings. Even then these pictures served as the means of progress promotion and their iconography referred to it (structures, factory smokestack, modern means of transport) as well. The inter-war avant-garde grew up from the...
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The Neorenaissance Church Architecture in Bohemia and Moravia
Sládeček, Petr ; Kuthan, Jiří (advisor) ; Rakušanová, Marie (referee) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to systematically analyze the Neorenaissance churches and interpret them within the context of the nineteenth century architecture. During the second half of the nineteenth century in the central Europe the Neorenaissance style had become ubiquitous. However, its extensive use for secular buildings contrasts with the situation in the field of sacral architecture. New churches were designed mainly in the Neogothic style; the Neoromanesque style was also acceptable, though less frequent. Widespread reluctance towards the Renaissance, mainly among the clergy, but also among some architects, is considered to be the main reason. In monument preservation the cult of Gothic resulted in the Neogothic purism, to which usually fell victim any "ungothic" part of a historical building. Therfore, the number of Neorenaissance churches, compared to that of Neogothic, is significantly smaller. The Neo-Renaissance style, however enjoyed great popularity among Czech evangelical churches since the 1880's, mainly because it was considered to be less costly than the Gothic style. The Neorenaissance churches have not yet been systemically researched. Therfore, the research concentrates particularly on the archive materials that have not been published and are scattered around in many...
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Socio-cultural perspectives on the issue of housing in Czechoslovakia in the second half of the 20th century
Zadražilová, Lucie ; Ortová, Jitka (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
Prefabricated housing estates represent the most typical and widespread form of mass socialist home building in our country. Their form comes from the modernistic urban planning of the European inter-war avant-garde, but living there was typified by the principles of socialistic housing policy. These were home for more than three million Czech inhabitants. Nevertheless there are many myths and incorrect evaluations connected with them, and there are many areas of this complex phenomenon which have not yet been investigated. The cultural, social and physical aspects are linked through the study of cultural theory, which was chosen for this dissertation. The three main chapters are based on a comparison with traditional city structures, the observed spatial and social specifics of prefabricated housing estates on three levels: in the imaginations of their designers, who were influenced by contemporary intellectual trends, in their implementation under specific political and social conditions, and in the opportunities which this form of building could offer for the future. The first chapter deals with formation of prefabricated housing estates as new city structure with different form of urbanism. In the second chapter the spatial specifics are described by means of five criteria of the "habitable" space:...
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Architect Antonín Tenzer
Pučerová, Klára ; Švácha, Rostislav (advisor) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee) ; Vorlík, Petr (referee)
The work of Antonin Tenzer involves his activities in the period of six decades in the turbulent era of development of Czechoslovak history of architecture. The architect is known as one of the representatives of the avant-garde and High functionalism, author of Faculty Hospital in Prague-Motol and other medical buildings or the Jalta hotel, a building associated with socialist realism. In my dissertation, I tried to map the main typological fields that Antonín Tenzer used in his work. My goal was to widen the portfolio of famous buildings, and on the basis I defined the architect's major themes and current issues, which were responded in his effort. I based primarily on historic materials - published projects, plan documentation and writings of public and private archives, as well as personal heritage, made available to me by the architect's family. In particular thematic areas I focused on Tenzer's vital and successful implementation of competition projects, which he later followed and extended. In addition to impulses from his collaborators, debates and majors works of those days I was looking for elements and methods of Tenzer that influenced the architecture environment. I observed the influence of historical events and the socio-political situation in his work, for example, housing issues in...
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Enzo Mari
Řičářová, Zuzana ; Klimešová, Marie (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee)
Proposta per un'autoprogettazione - pervading Mari's work, whereby the designer explores social role of design, downfalls of consumerism and solutions for combating the consumerist culture. Mari's pivotal work "Autoprogettazione" was conceptualised to challenge the approach of the complexity and implications of Mari's pivotal work, with overview of its possible d later works by artists following Mari's legacy. Proposta per un'autoprogettazion -
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Architect Richard Ferdinand Podzemný - work of the interwar period
Řepková, Barbora ; Biegel, Richard (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee)
Architect Richard Ferdinand Podzemný - work of the interwar period Abstract Present thesis offers a study into the early work of Richard Ferdinand Podzemný (1907-1987), an important protagonist of a younger generation of interwar architectural avant-garde. Structured around an approximate decade between R. F. Podzemný's studies and the close of the 1930s, the thesis' aim is a contextualized overview of the architect, his projects, both proposals and built work, so as to distinguish his working methods and applied processes in their historical specificity, and that of the development of functionalism in Czechoslovakia. The main areas of interest are the life and career of R. F. Podzemný, the importance of his tutelage at the Industrial school at Valašské Meziříčí and his subsequent studies of architecture with Pavel Janák at the Academy of Applied Art in Prague, the issue of minimal housing planning, private residential projects and competition entries for public development with stress on medical facilities. Finally, close attention is given to the outstanding project of the Residential building of the Landesbank, colloquially dubbed "the Glass Palace" or "Skleňák", and its reverberances throughout the end of the 1930s.
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Urbanistic complex of Vera Machoninova's project - Budějovická square in Prague
Dědičová, Magdalena ; Biegel, Richard (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee)
This thesis focuses on project of Věra Machoninová - the urban complex of Budějovická square in Prague dated to 1969. Special interest is given to urbanism conception of the project. As a follow-up to state-of-the-art Metro station Budějovická there was planned important urban center including public objects same as administrative buildings. Important aspect of this thesis is assessment of final realization from years 1972-1981; current status and how the place and urbanism was affected by new constructions made nearby in later years. Key words: Architecture, Urbanism, 20th century, Czech architecture, Brutalism, Prague, Department stores, Věra Machoninová, DBK, Budějovická, Prague metro
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Ladislav Žák (1900-1973)
Dvořáková, Dita ; Švácha, Rostislav (advisor) ; Sedlák, Jan (referee) ; Wittlich, Petr (referee)
This thesis investigates the life and work of the architect Ladislav Žák (1900-1973), who also engaged in painting and drawing, furniture design, landscape architecture and architectural theory. His work was rooted in systematic theoretical considerations. In addition to working as an architect, Žak was a high school drawing teacher (1924-1930) and a professor of garden and landscape architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague (1946-1973). As a student at the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague, Žák studied painting with Professor Karel Krattner (1919-1924) and architecture with Professor Josef Gočár (1924-1927). In his early architectural and urban planning studies, as well as his furniture designs, he applied the principles of the new functionalist movement. He then followed the tenets of Le Corbusier's Purism into the 1930s. A characteristic attribute of all of Žak's work was a simultaneous consideration of tradition and a sensibility for current trends. This dichotomy was already present in his earliest theoretical writings.
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